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FIRST STEPS–DENTITION, KINSHIP, SOCIAL GROUPS, AND STATUS IN THE UPPER BELIZE RIVER VALLEY: SMALL SAMPLE INSIGHTS INTO CLASSIC MAYA SOCIAL ORGANIZATION IN CENTRAL WESTERN BELIZE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 August 2019

Erin Blankenship-Sefczek ,
Joseph W. Ball  and
Jennifer Taschek
Erin Blankenship-Sefczek
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Ohio State University, 174 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
Joseph W. Ball*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182
Jennifer Taschek
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182
*
E-mail correspondence to: jwball@mail.sdsu.edu
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Abstract

Nonmetric (morphological) and metric analyses of dental traits and dentition are an established and effective, but still much underutilized, means of determining biological relationships among the individuals comprising a population over several generations. Combining such dental analyses, a social organizational typology adapted from social psychology, and small sample statistics, this study hazards a trial examination of the evidence for biological affinity within and between three archaeologically perceived social groups represented in the Classic-period Belize Valley community of Buenavista del Cayo. The groups comprise traditional high elite and commoner categories, and a putative middle level of intermediate elites. Findings suggest a dichotomous kinship structure of elites and non-elites, but one within which there had emerged an emically and archaeologically distinct “middle” status group of intermediate elites or subelites that remained affined by blood to the subordinate non-elite commoners and peasantry. The study differs from previous examinations of ancient Maya social organization in employing a truly integrated bioarchaeological approach to the topic rather than what have generally been intrinsically insular archaeological or osteometric approaches.

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Research Article
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Ancient Mesoamerica , Volume 32 , Issue 1 , Spring 2021 , pp. 16 - 38
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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