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Effect of growth factors on oocyte maturation and allocations of inner cell mass and trophectoderm cells of cloned bovine embryos

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 October 2015

Sezen Arat*
Affiliation:
Namik Kemal University , Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tekirdag, Turkey.
Arzu Tas Caputcu
Affiliation:
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Marmara Research Center (MRC), Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, 41470, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Mesut Cevik
Affiliation:
Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, 55200, Samsun, Turkey.
Tolga Akkoc
Affiliation:
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Marmara Research Center (MRC), Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, 41470, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Gaye Cetinkaya
Affiliation:
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Marmara Research Center (MRC), Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, 41470, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Haydar Bagis
Affiliation:
Adiyaman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Adiyaman, Turkey.
*
All correspondence to: Sezen Arat. Namik Kemal University , Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tekirdag, Turkey. Tel: +90 282 250 22 90. Fax: +90 282 250 99 29. E-mail: sarat@nku.edu.tr

Summary

This study was conducted to determine the additive effects of exogenous growth factors during in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) and the sequential culture of nuclear transfer (NT) embryos. Oocyte maturation and culture of reconstructed embryos derived from bovine granulosa cells were performed in culture medium supplemented with either epidermal growth factor (EGF) alone or a combination of EGF with insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). The maturation rates of oocytes matured in the presence of EGF or the EGF + IGF-I combination were significantly higher than those of oocytes matured in the presence of only fetal calf serum (FCS) (P < 0.05). The developing NT embryos showed no significant differences in fusion, cleavage or blastocyst rates among the culture groups (P > 0.05). IGF-I alone or in combination with EGF in sequential embryo culture medium significantly increased the ratio of inner cell mass (ICM) to total blastocyst cells (P < 0.05). Our results showed that the addition of growth factors to IVM and sequential culture media of cloned bovine embryos increased the ICM without changing the total cell number. These unknown and uncontrolled effects of growth factors can alter the allocation of ICM and trophectoderm cells (TE) in NT embryos. A decrease in TE cell numbers could be a reason for developmental abnormalities in embryos in the cloning system.

Information

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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