Hostname: page-component-6766d58669-bp2c4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-05-14T08:51:11.516Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Liver T1/T2 values with cardiac MRI during respiration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 October 2022

Hideharu Oka Open the ORCID record for Hideharu Oka [Opens in a new window] ,
Kouichi Nakau ,
Sadahiro Nakagawa ,
Rina Imanishi ,
Sorachi Shimada ,
Yuki Mikami ,
Kazunori Fukao ,
Kunihiro Iwata  and
Satoru Takahashi
Hideharu Oka*
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
Kouichi Nakau
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
Sadahiro Nakagawa
Affiliation:
Section of Radiological Technology, Department of Medical Technology, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
Rina Imanishi
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
Sorachi Shimada
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
Yuki Mikami
Affiliation:
Section of Radiological Technology, Department of Medical Technology, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
Kazunori Fukao
Affiliation:
Section of Radiological Technology, Department of Medical Technology, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
Kunihiro Iwata
Affiliation:
Section of Radiological Technology, Department of Medical Technology, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
Satoru Takahashi
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
*
Author for correspondence: Hideharu Oka, Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1, Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan. E-mail: oka5p@asahikawa-med.ac.jp
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background:

Assessing the hepatic status of children with CHD is very important in the post-operative period. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of paediatric liver T1/T2 values and to evaluate the impact of respiration on liver T1/T2 values.

Methods:

Liver T1/T2 values were evaluated in 69 individuals who underwent cardiac MRI. The mean age of the participants was 16.2 ± 9.8 years. Two types of imaging with different breathing methods were possible in 34 participants for liver T1 values and 10 participants for liver T2 values.

Results:

The normal range was set at 620–830 msec for liver T1 and 25–40 ms for liver T2 based on the data obtained from 17 healthy individuals. The liver T1/T2 values were not significantly different between breath-hold and free-breath imaging (T1: 769.4 ± 102.8 ms versus 763.2 ± 93.9 ms; p = 0.148, T2: 34.9 ± 4.0 ms versus 33.6 ± 2.4 ms; p = 0.169). Higher liver T1 values were observed in patients who had undergone Fontan operation, tetralogy of Fallot operation, or those with chronic viral hepatitis. There was a trend toward correlation between liver T1 values and liver stiffness (R = 0.65, p = 0.0004); and the liver T1 values showed a positive correlation with the shear wave velocity (R = 0.62, p = 0.0006).

Conclusions:

Liver T1/T2 values were not affected by breathing patterns. Because liver T1 values tend to increase with right heart overload, evaluation of liver T1 values during routine cardiac MRI may enable early detection of future complications.

Keywords

CHDcardiac MRIbreathing patternsliver elastographyhepatic congestion

Information

Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 33 , Issue 10 , October 2023 , pp. 1859 - 1865
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Sherlock, S. The liver in heart failure; relation of anatomical, functional, and circulatory changes. Br Heart J 1951; 13: 273–293.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kuwabara, M, Niwa, K, Toyoda, T, et al. Liver cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma occurring late after the fontan procedure- a nationwide survey in Japan. Circ J 2018; 82: 1155–1160.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yamamura, K, Sakamoto, I, Morihana, E, et al. Elevated non-invasive liver fibrosis markers and risk of liver carcinoma in adult patients after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Int J Cardiol 2019; 287: 121–126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oka, H, Nakau, K, Imanishi, R, et al. Type IV collagen 7s reflects central venous pressure and right ventricular end-diastolic pressure in patients with congenital heart disease after biventricular repair. Pediatr Cardiol 2021; 42: 707–715.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ohuchi, H, Kawata, M, Uemura, H, et al, JCS. Guideline on management and re-interventional therapy in patients with congenital heart disease long-term after initial repair. Circ J 2022; 86: 1591–1690.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cassinotto, C, Feldis, M, Vergniol, J, et al. MR relaxometry in chronic liver diseases: comparison of T1 mapping, T2 mapping, and diffusion-weighted imaging for assessing cirrhosis diagnosis and severity. Eur J Radiol 2015; 84: 1459–1465.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moon, JC, Messroghli, DR, Kellman, P, et al. Myocardial T1 mapping and extracellular volume quantification: a Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) and CMR Working Group of the European Society of Cardiology consensus statement. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013; 15: 92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bulluck, H, Maestrini, V, Rosmini, S, et al. Myocardial T1 mapping. Circ J 2015; 79: 487–494.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomaides-Brears, HB, Lepe, R, Banerjee, R, Duncker, C. Multiparametric MR mapping in clinical decision-making for diffuse liver disease. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45: 3507–3522.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wiese, S, Voiosu, A, Hove, JD, et al. Fibrogenesis and inflammation contribute to the pathogenesis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2020; 52: 340–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shiina, Y, Inai, K, Ohashi, R, Nagao, M. Potential of liver T1 mapping for the detection of fontan-associated liver disease in adults. Magn Reson Med Sci 2021; 20: 295–302.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dolan, RS, Stillman, AE, Davarpanah, AH. Feasibility of Hepatic T1-mapping and extracellular volume quantification on routine cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with infiltrative and systemic disorders. Acad Radiol 2021; 29 Suppl 4: S1076-6332(21)00432-3.Google ScholarPubMed
Ostovaneh, MR, Ambale-Venkatesh, B, Fuji, T, et al. Association of liver fibrosis with cardiovascular diseases in the general population: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA). Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 11: e007241.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramachandran, P, Serai, SD, Veldtman, GR, et al. Assessment of liver T1 mapping in fontan patients and its correlation with magnetic resonance elastography-derived liver stiffness. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019; 44: 2403–2408.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huber, AT, Razakamanantsoa, L, Lamy, J, et al. Multiparametric differentiation of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy with and without congestive heart failure by means of cardiac and hepatic T1-weighted MRI mapping. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2020; 215: 79–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gilligan, LA, Dillman, JR, Tkach, JA, Xanthakos, SA, Gill, JK, Trout, AT. Magnetic resonance imaging T1 relaxation times for the liver, pancreas and spleen in healthy children at 1.5 and 3 tesla. Pediatr Radiol 2019; 49: 1018–1024.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Obmann, VC, Mertineit, N, Marx, C, et al. Liver MR relaxometry at 3T - segmental normal T1 and T2* values in patients without focal or diffuse liver disease and in patients with increased liver fat and elevated liver stiffness. Sci Rep 2019; 9: 8106.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mesropyan, N, Isaak, A, Faron, A, et al. Magnetic resonance parametric mapping of the spleen for non-invasive assessment of portal hypertension. Eur Radiol 2021; 31: 85–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Lange, C, Thrane, KJ, Thomassen, KS, et al. Hepatic magnetic resonance T1-mapping and extracellular volume fraction compared to shear-wave elastography in pediatric Fontan-associated liver disease. Pediatr Radiol 2021; 51: 66–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cho, YJ, Kim, WS, Choi, YH, et al. Validation and feasibility of liver T1 mapping using free breathing MOLLI sequence in children and young adults. Sci Rep 2020; 10: 18390.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Erden, A, Kuru Öz, D, Peker, E, et al. MRI quantification techniques in fatty liver: the diagnostic performance of hepatic T1, T2, and stiffness measurements in relation to the proton density fat fraction. Diagn Interv Radiol 2021; 27: 7–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yoon, JH, Lee, JM, Paek, M, Han, JK, Choi, BI. Quantitative assessment of hepatic function: modified look-locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) sequence for T1 mapping on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced liver MR imaging. Eur Radiol 2016; 26: 1775–1782.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cui, E, Li, Q, Wu, J, et al. Combination of hepatocyte fraction and diffusion-weighted imaging as a predictor in quantitative hepatic fibrosis evaluation. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45: 3681–3689.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mesropyan, N, Kupczyk, P, Dold, L, et al. Non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis: diagnostic value of liver magnetic resonance parametric mapping including extracellular volume fraction. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2021; 46: 2458–2466.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dillman, JR, Serai, SD, Miethke, AG, Singh, R, Tkach, JA, Trout, AT. Comparison of liver T1 relaxation times without and with iron correction in pediatric autoimmune liver disease. Pediatr Radiol 2020; 50: 935–942.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kupczyk, PA, Mesropyan, N, Isaak, A, et al. Quantitative MRI of the liver: evaluation of extracellular volume fraction and other quantitative parameters in comparison to MR elastography for the assessment of hepatopathy. Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 77: 7–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mesropyan, N, Kupczyk, P, Kukuk, GM, et al. Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance parametric mapping for non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. BMC Med Imaging 2021; 21: 65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oka, H, Nakau, K, Nakagawa, S, et al. Comparison of myocardial T1 mapping during breath-holding and free-breathing. Cardiol Young 2021; 32: 1–5.Google ScholarPubMed
Kazour, I, Serai, SD, Xanthakos, SA, Fleck, RJ. Using T1 mapping in cardiovascular magnetic resonance to assess congestive hepatopathy. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018; 43: 2679–2685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alsaied, T, Moore, RA, Lang, SM, et al. Myocardial fibrosis, diastolic dysfunction and elevated liver stiffness in the Fontan circulation. Open Heart 2020; 7: e001434.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keller, S, Borde, T, Brangsch, J, et al. Native T1 mapping magnetic resonance imaging as a quantitative biomarker for characterization of the extracellular matrix in a rabbit hepatic cancer model. Biomedicines 2020; 8: 412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar