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Happy 150th Anniversary, Italy? Institutions and Economic Performance Since 1861

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2015

PAOLO DI MARTINO  and
MICHELANGELO VASTA
PAOLO DI MARTINO
Affiliation:
Paolo Di Martino is Senior Lecturer in International Business History at the Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, UK. Contact information: University House, Edgbaston Road, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK. E-mail: p.dimartino@bham.ac.uk.
MICHELANGELO VASTA
Affiliation:
Michelangelo Vasta is Professor of Economic History in the Department of Economics and Statistics at the University of Siena. Contact information: Piazza San Francesco 7, I-53100 Siena, Italy. E-mail: vasta@unisi.it.
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Enterprise & Society , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , June 2015 , pp. 291 - 312
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Copyright © The Author 2015. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Business History Conference. All rights reserved. 

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References

Bibliography of Works Cited

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Becattini, Giacomo. Distretti industriali e made in Italy. Le basi socioculturali del nostro sviluppo economico. Turin: Bollati Boringhieri, 1998.Google Scholar
Beha, Oliviero, and Caro, Andrea Di. Il calcio alla sbarra. Milan: Rizzoli, 2011.Google Scholar
Best, Michael. The New Competition: Institutions of Industrial Restructuring. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Boeri, Tito. Parlerò solo di calcio. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2012.Google Scholar
Carnevali, Francesca. Europe’s Advantage: Banks and Small Firms in Britain, France, Germany, and Italy since 1918. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Cassese, Sabino. L’Italia: una società senza Stato? Bologna: Il Mulino, 2011.Google Scholar
Ciocca, Pierluigi. Ricchi per sempre? una storia economica d’Italia, 1796–2005. Turin: Bollati Boringhieri, 2007.Google Scholar
Cipolla, Carlo M. Before the Industrial Revolution. European Society and Economy, 1000–1700. London: Routledge, 1976.Google Scholar
Crainz, Guido. Autobiografia di una repubblica. Le radici dell’Italia attuale. Rome: Donzelli, 2009.Google Scholar
Marcello, De Cecco. L’economia di Lucignolo: opportunità e vincoli dello sviluppo italiano. Rome: Donzelli, 2000.Google Scholar
Felice, Emanuele. Perché il sud è rimasto indietro. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2013.Google Scholar
Foer, Franklin. How Soccer Explains the World. New York: Harper Collins, 2004.Google Scholar
Foot, John. Calcio. A History of Italian Football. London: Harper Perennial, 2006.Google Scholar
Gallino, Luciano. La scomparsa dell’Italia industriale. Turin: Einaudi, 2003.Google Scholar
Gini, Corrado. L’ammontare e la composizione della ricchezza delle nazioni. Turin: Fratelli Bocca, 1914.Google Scholar
Giannetti, Renato, and Vasta, Michelangelo. Storia dell’impresa italiana. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2012.Google Scholar
Ginsborg, Paul. Italy and Its Discontents 1980–2001. London: Penguin, 2001.Google Scholar
Jones, Tobias. The Dark Heart of Italy. New York: North Point Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Melis, Guido, Storia dell’amministrazione italiana, 1861–1993: Bologna, Il Mulino, 1996.Google Scholar
North, Douglass C. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Olson, Mancur. The Rise and Decline of Nations. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1982.Google Scholar
Scarpellini, Emanuela. Comprare all’americana. Le origini della grande distribuzione in Italia (1945–1971). Bologna: Il Mulino, 2001.Google Scholar
Sylos Labini, Paolo. Berlusconi e gli anticorpi. Diario di un cittadino indignato. Rome-Bari: Laterza, 2003.Google Scholar
Toninelli, Pier Angelo. La Edison. Contabilità e bilanci di una grande impresa elettrica (1884–1916). Bologna: Il Mulino, 1990.Google Scholar
Zamagni, Vera. The Economic History of Italy. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Zingales, Luigi. Capitalism for the People: Recapturing the Lost Genius of American Prosperity. New York: Basic Books, 2012.Google Scholar
A’Hearn, Brian, Auria, Claudio, and Vecchi, Giovanni. “Istruzione.” In ricchezza e in povertà. Il benessere degli italiani dall’Unità a oggi, edited by Giovanni, Vecchi, 159–206. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2011.Google Scholar
Abramovitz, Moses. “Catching Up, Forging Ahead and Falling Behind.” Journal of Economic History 46, no. 2 (1986): 385–406.Google Scholar
Acemoglu, Daron, Johnson, Simon, and Robinson, James A.. “Institutions as the Fundamental Cause of Long-Run Growth.” In Handbook of Economic Growth, vol. IA, edited by Aghion, Philippe and Durlauf, Steven N., 386–472. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2005.Google Scholar
Aganin, Alexander, and Volpin, Paolo. “The History of Corporate Ownership in Italy.” In A History of Corporate Governance around the World: Family Business Groups to Professional Managers, edited by Morck, Randall K., 325–361. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Amatori, Franco, Bugamelli, Matteo, and Colli, Andrea. “Technology, Firm Size, and Entrepreneurship.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Italian Economy since Unification, edited by Toniolo, Gianni, 455–484. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Baccini, Alberto. “Artigiancassa: da Istituto di credito speciale a banca per le imprese artigiane.” In Atti e Documenti di Artigiancassa S.p.a., Artigiancassa: da Istituto di credito speciale a banca per le imprese artigiane 1953–2001, 7–101. Florence: Giunti, 2002.Google Scholar
Bandiera, Oriana. “Land Reform, the Market for Protection, and the Origins of the Sicilian Mafia: Theory and Evidence.” Journal of Law, Economics and Organization 19, no. 1 (2003): 218–244.Google Scholar
Barca, Fabrizio. “Compromesso senza riforme nel capitalismo italiano.” In Storia del capitalismo italiano dal dopoguerra ad oggi, edited by Barca, Fabrizio, 4–115. Rome: Donzelli, 1997.Google Scholar
Baumol, William. “Entrepreneurship: productive, unproductive and destructive.” Journal of Political Economy 98, no. 5 (1990): 893–921.Google Scholar
Boeri, Tito, and Severgnini, Battista. “The Italian Job: Match Rigging, Career Concerns and Media Concentration in Serie A.” IZA discussion paper no. 3745 (2008).Google Scholar
Boltho, Andrea. “Italy, Germany, Japan: From Economic Miracles to Virtual Stagnation.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Italian Economy since Unification, edited by Toniolo, Gianni, 108–133. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Bordignon, Fabio, and Ceccarini, Luigi. “Five Stars and a Cricket. Beppe Grillo shakes Italian Politics.” South European Society and Politics 18, no. 4 (2013): 427–449.Google Scholar
Cafagna, Luciano. “Contro tre pregiudizi sulla storia dello sviluppo economico italiano.” In Storia economica d’Italia, vol. I: Interpretazioni, edited by Ciocca, Pierluigi and Toniolo, Gianni, 297–325. Rome-Bari: Laterza, 1999.Google Scholar
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Ciocca, Pierluigi. “Law and the Economy in Modern Italy.” Rivista di Storia Economica XIX, no. 2 (2003): 205–210.Google Scholar
Colli, Andrea, and Rinaldi, Alberto. “Institutions, Politics and the Corporate Economy.” Enterprise and Society 16, no. 2 (2015): 249−269.Google Scholar
Colli, Andrea, and Vasta, Michelangelo. “Introduction.” In Forms of Enterprise in 20th Century Italy. Boundaries, Structures and Strategies, edited by Colli, Andrea and Vasta, Michelangelo, 1–21. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2010.Google Scholar
Conti, Giuseppe, and Ferri, Giovanni. “Banche locali e sviluppo economico.” In Storia del capitalismo italiano, edited by Barca, Fabrizio, 429–466. Rome: Donzelli, 1997.Google Scholar
De Cecco, Marcello. “Piccole imprese, banche, commercialisti. Note sui protagonisti della seconda industrializzazione italiana.” In Atti di intelligenza e sviluppo economico. Saggi per il bicentenario della nascita di Carlo Cattaneo, edited by Cafagna, Luciano and Crepax, Nicola, 425–449. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2001.Google Scholar
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Diamanti, Ilvo. “Foot Politics: tifo dunque voto.” I Quaderni speciali di Limes 3 (2005): 7–10.Google Scholar
Di Maio, Michele, and Tamagni, Federico. “The Evolution of World Export Sophistication and the Italian Trade Anomaly.” Rivista di Politica Economica 98 no. 1–2 (2008): 135–174.Google Scholar
Di Martino, Paolo, and Hautcoeur, Pierre-Cyrille. “The Functioning of Bankruptcy Law and Practices in European Perspective (ca.1880–1913).” Enterprise and Society 14, no. 3 (2013): 579–605.Google Scholar
Di Martino, Paolo and Vasta, Michelangelo. “Companies’ Insolvency and ‘the Nature of the Firm’ in Italy, 1920s–1970s.” Economic History Review 63, no. 1 (2010): 137–164.Google Scholar
Di Martino, Paolo and Vasta, Michelangelo. “Discovering the Dark Heart of Italian Capitalism: a Perspective from Supreme Court Legal Cases and Business Consultants’ Analyses (1950s–1970s).” Quaderni del Dipartimento di Economia Politica e Statistica, University of Siena 698 (2014).Google Scholar
Dyck, Alexander, and Zingales, Luigi. “Private Benefits of Control: An International Comparison.” Journal of Finance 59 (2004): 537–600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
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Favero, Giovanni. “Foreign Family Business and Capital Flight. The Case for a Fraud to Fail.” University of Venice Working Paper 27 (2013).Google Scholar
Federico, Giovanni. “Italy, 1860–1940: A Little-Known Success Story.” The Economic History Review 49, no 4 (1996): 764–786.Google Scholar
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Felice, Emanuele, and Vasta, Michelangelo. “Passive Modernization? The New Human Development Index and Its Components in Italy’s Regions (1871–2007).” European Review of Economic History 19 (2015): 44–66.Google Scholar
Felice, Emanuele, and Vecchi, Giovanni. “Italy’s Modern Economic Growth, 1861–2011.” Enterprise and Society 16, no. 2 (2015): 225−248.Google Scholar
Fiorentini, M. R. “Sviluppo capitalistico e professioni economiche: ragionieri e dottori commercialisti, consulenti del lavoro.” In Le libere professioni in Italia, edited by Tousijn, Willem, 263–303. Bologna: Il Mulino, 1987.Google Scholar
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Nuvolari, Alessandro, and Vasta, Michelangelo. “The Ghost in the Attic? The Italian National Innovation System in Historical Perspective, 1861–2011.” Enterprise and Society 16, no. 2 (2015): 270−290.Google Scholar
Pagano, Marco, and Volpin, Paolo. “The Political Economy of Finance.” Oxford Review of Economic Policy 17, no. 4 (2001): 502–519.Google Scholar
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Becattini, Giacomo. Distretti industriali e made in Italy. Le basi socioculturali del nostro sviluppo economico. Turin: Bollati Boringhieri, 1998.Google Scholar
Beha, Oliviero, and Caro, Andrea Di. Il calcio alla sbarra. Milan: Rizzoli, 2011.Google Scholar
Best, Michael. The New Competition: Institutions of Industrial Restructuring. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Boeri, Tito. Parlerò solo di calcio. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2012.Google Scholar
Carnevali, Francesca. Europe’s Advantage: Banks and Small Firms in Britain, France, Germany, and Italy since 1918. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Cassese, Sabino. L’Italia: una società senza Stato? Bologna: Il Mulino, 2011.Google Scholar
Ciocca, Pierluigi. Ricchi per sempre? una storia economica d’Italia, 1796–2005. Turin: Bollati Boringhieri, 2007.Google Scholar
Cipolla, Carlo M. Before the Industrial Revolution. European Society and Economy, 1000–1700. London: Routledge, 1976.Google Scholar
Crainz, Guido. Autobiografia di una repubblica. Le radici dell’Italia attuale. Rome: Donzelli, 2009.Google Scholar
Marcello, De Cecco. L’economia di Lucignolo: opportunità e vincoli dello sviluppo italiano. Rome: Donzelli, 2000.Google Scholar
Felice, Emanuele. Perché il sud è rimasto indietro. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2013.Google Scholar
Foer, Franklin. How Soccer Explains the World. New York: Harper Collins, 2004.Google Scholar
Foot, John. Calcio. A History of Italian Football. London: Harper Perennial, 2006.Google Scholar
Gallino, Luciano. La scomparsa dell’Italia industriale. Turin: Einaudi, 2003.Google Scholar
Gini, Corrado. L’ammontare e la composizione della ricchezza delle nazioni. Turin: Fratelli Bocca, 1914.Google Scholar
Giannetti, Renato, and Vasta, Michelangelo. Storia dell’impresa italiana. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2012.Google Scholar
Ginsborg, Paul. Italy and Its Discontents 1980–2001. London: Penguin, 2001.Google Scholar
Jones, Tobias. The Dark Heart of Italy. New York: North Point Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Melis, Guido, Storia dell’amministrazione italiana, 1861–1993: Bologna, Il Mulino, 1996.Google Scholar
North, Douglass C. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Olson, Mancur. The Rise and Decline of Nations. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1982.Google Scholar
Scarpellini, Emanuela. Comprare all’americana. Le origini della grande distribuzione in Italia (1945–1971). Bologna: Il Mulino, 2001.Google Scholar
Sylos Labini, Paolo. Berlusconi e gli anticorpi. Diario di un cittadino indignato. Rome-Bari: Laterza, 2003.Google Scholar
Toninelli, Pier Angelo. La Edison. Contabilità e bilanci di una grande impresa elettrica (1884–1916). Bologna: Il Mulino, 1990.Google Scholar
Zamagni, Vera. The Economic History of Italy. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Zingales, Luigi. Capitalism for the People: Recapturing the Lost Genius of American Prosperity. New York: Basic Books, 2012.Google Scholar
A’Hearn, Brian, Auria, Claudio, and Vecchi, Giovanni. “Istruzione.” In ricchezza e in povertà. Il benessere degli italiani dall’Unità a oggi, edited by Giovanni, Vecchi, 159–206. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2011.Google Scholar
Abramovitz, Moses. “Catching Up, Forging Ahead and Falling Behind.” Journal of Economic History 46, no. 2 (1986): 385–406.Google Scholar
Acemoglu, Daron, Johnson, Simon, and Robinson, James A.. “Institutions as the Fundamental Cause of Long-Run Growth.” In Handbook of Economic Growth, vol. IA, edited by Aghion, Philippe and Durlauf, Steven N., 386–472. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2005.Google Scholar
Aganin, Alexander, and Volpin, Paolo. “The History of Corporate Ownership in Italy.” In A History of Corporate Governance around the World: Family Business Groups to Professional Managers, edited by Morck, Randall K., 325–361. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Amatori, Franco, Bugamelli, Matteo, and Colli, Andrea. “Technology, Firm Size, and Entrepreneurship.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Italian Economy since Unification, edited by Toniolo, Gianni, 455–484. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Baccini, Alberto. “Artigiancassa: da Istituto di credito speciale a banca per le imprese artigiane.” In Atti e Documenti di Artigiancassa S.p.a., Artigiancassa: da Istituto di credito speciale a banca per le imprese artigiane 1953–2001, 7–101. Florence: Giunti, 2002.Google Scholar
Bandiera, Oriana. “Land Reform, the Market for Protection, and the Origins of the Sicilian Mafia: Theory and Evidence.” Journal of Law, Economics and Organization 19, no. 1 (2003): 218–244.Google Scholar
Barca, Fabrizio. “Compromesso senza riforme nel capitalismo italiano.” In Storia del capitalismo italiano dal dopoguerra ad oggi, edited by Barca, Fabrizio, 4–115. Rome: Donzelli, 1997.Google Scholar
Baumol, William. “Entrepreneurship: productive, unproductive and destructive.” Journal of Political Economy 98, no. 5 (1990): 893–921.Google Scholar
Boeri, Tito, and Severgnini, Battista. “The Italian Job: Match Rigging, Career Concerns and Media Concentration in Serie A.” IZA discussion paper no. 3745 (2008).Google Scholar
Boltho, Andrea. “Italy, Germany, Japan: From Economic Miracles to Virtual Stagnation.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Italian Economy since Unification, edited by Toniolo, Gianni, 108–133. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Bordignon, Fabio, and Ceccarini, Luigi. “Five Stars and a Cricket. Beppe Grillo shakes Italian Politics.” South European Society and Politics 18, no. 4 (2013): 427–449.Google Scholar
Cafagna, Luciano. “Contro tre pregiudizi sulla storia dello sviluppo economico italiano.” In Storia economica d’Italia, vol. I: Interpretazioni, edited by Ciocca, Pierluigi and Toniolo, Gianni, 297–325. Rome-Bari: Laterza, 1999.Google Scholar
Cappelli, Gabriele. “Escaping from a Human Capital Trap? Italy’s Regions and the Move to Centralised Primary Schooling 1861–1936.” Mimeo, 2013.Google Scholar
Ciocca, Pierluigi. “Law and the Economy in Modern Italy.” Rivista di Storia Economica XIX, no. 2 (2003): 205–210.Google Scholar
Colli, Andrea, and Rinaldi, Alberto. “Institutions, Politics and the Corporate Economy.” Enterprise and Society 16, no. 2 (2015): 249−269.Google Scholar
Colli, Andrea, and Vasta, Michelangelo. “Introduction.” In Forms of Enterprise in 20th Century Italy. Boundaries, Structures and Strategies, edited by Colli, Andrea and Vasta, Michelangelo, 1–21. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2010.Google Scholar
Conti, Giuseppe, and Ferri, Giovanni. “Banche locali e sviluppo economico.” In Storia del capitalismo italiano, edited by Barca, Fabrizio, 429–466. Rome: Donzelli, 1997.Google Scholar
De Cecco, Marcello. “Piccole imprese, banche, commercialisti. Note sui protagonisti della seconda industrializzazione italiana.” In Atti di intelligenza e sviluppo economico. Saggi per il bicentenario della nascita di Carlo Cattaneo, edited by Cafagna, Luciano and Crepax, Nicola, 425–449. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2001.Google Scholar
De Cecco, Marcello. “Italy’s Dysfunctional Political Economy.” West European Politics 30, no. 4 (2007): 763–783.Google Scholar
Diamanti, Ilvo. “Foot Politics: tifo dunque voto.” I Quaderni speciali di Limes 3 (2005): 7–10.Google Scholar
Di Maio, Michele, and Tamagni, Federico. “The Evolution of World Export Sophistication and the Italian Trade Anomaly.” Rivista di Politica Economica 98 no. 1–2 (2008): 135–174.Google Scholar
Di Martino, Paolo, and Hautcoeur, Pierre-Cyrille. “The Functioning of Bankruptcy Law and Practices in European Perspective (ca.1880–1913).” Enterprise and Society 14, no. 3 (2013): 579–605.Google Scholar
Di Martino, Paolo and Vasta, Michelangelo. “Companies’ Insolvency and ‘the Nature of the Firm’ in Italy, 1920s–1970s.” Economic History Review 63, no. 1 (2010): 137–164.Google Scholar
Di Martino, Paolo and Vasta, Michelangelo. “Discovering the Dark Heart of Italian Capitalism: a Perspective from Supreme Court Legal Cases and Business Consultants’ Analyses (1950s–1970s).” Quaderni del Dipartimento di Economia Politica e Statistica, University of Siena 698 (2014).Google Scholar
Dyck, Alexander, and Zingales, Luigi. “Private Benefits of Control: An International Comparison.” Journal of Finance 59 (2004): 537–600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Engerman, Stanley L., and Sokoloff, Kenneth L.. “Colonialism, Inequality and Long-Run Paths of Development.” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper 11057 (2005).Google Scholar
Favero, Giovanni. “Foreign Family Business and Capital Flight. The Case for a Fraud to Fail.” University of Venice Working Paper 27 (2013).Google Scholar
Federico, Giovanni. “Italy, 1860–1940: A Little-Known Success Story.” The Economic History Review 49, no 4 (1996): 764–786.Google Scholar
Federico, Giovanni. “Industrial Structure (1911–2001).” In Evolution of Italian Enterprise in the 20th Century, edited by Giannetti, Renato and Vasta, Michelangelo, 15–47. Heidelberg-New York: Physica Verlag (Springer), 2006.Google Scholar
Felice, Emanuele, and Vasta, Michelangelo. “Passive Modernization? The New Human Development Index and Its Components in Italy’s Regions (1871–2007).” European Review of Economic History 19 (2015): 44–66.Google Scholar
Felice, Emanuele, and Vecchi, Giovanni. “Italy’s Modern Economic Growth, 1861–2011.” Enterprise and Society 16, no. 2 (2015): 225−248.Google Scholar
Fiorentini, M. R. “Sviluppo capitalistico e professioni economiche: ragionieri e dottori commercialisti, consulenti del lavoro.” In Le libere professioni in Italia, edited by Tousijn, Willem, 263–303. Bologna: Il Mulino, 1987.Google Scholar
Gomellini, Matteo, and Pianta, Mario. “Commercio con l’estero e tecnologia in Italia negli anni Cinquanta e Sessanta.” In Innovazione tecnologica e sviluppo industriale nel secondo dopoguerra, edited by Cristiano, Antonelli et al., 359–594. Rome-Bari: Laterza, 2007.Google Scholar
Guinnane, Timothy, Harris, Ron, Lamoreaux, Naomi R., and Rosenthal, Jean-Laurent. “Putting the Corporation in Its Place.” Enterprise and Society 8, no. 3 (2007): 687–729.Google Scholar
Longoni, Giuseppe M., and Rinaldi, Alberto. “Industrial Policy and Artisan Firms (1930s–1970s).” In Forms of Enterprise in 20th Century Italy. Boundaries, Structures and Strategies, edited by Colli, Andrea and Vasta, Michelangelo, 204–224. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2010.Google Scholar
Maiocchi, Roberto. “Il ruolo delle scienze nello sviluppo industriale italiano.” In Storia d’Italia. Annali 3. Scienza e Tecnica, edited by Micheli, Gianni, 863–999. Turin: Einaudi, 1980.Google Scholar
Malanima, Paolo. “The Long Decline of a Leading Economy: GDP in Central and Northern Italy, 1300–1913.” European Review of Economic History 15, no. 2 (2011): 169–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manestra, Stefano. “Per una storia della tax compliance in Italia.” Questioni di Economia e Finanza—Occasional papers Banca d’Italia 81 (2010).Google Scholar
McKitrick, Frederick. “Government’s Economic Role: German Artisanal Corporatism in the Postwar Period.” Business and Economic History 27, no. 2 (1998): 469–476.Google Scholar
Nuvolari, Alessandro, and Vasta, Michelangelo. “The Ghost in the Attic? The Italian National Innovation System in Historical Perspective, 1861–2011.” Enterprise and Society 16, no. 2 (2015): 270−290.Google Scholar
Pagano, Marco, and Volpin, Paolo. “The Political Economy of Finance.” Oxford Review of Economic Policy 17, no. 4 (2001): 502–519.Google Scholar
Rossi, Giambattista, and Tessari, Alessandra. “From Calciomercato to Calciopoli: illegal practices in the Italian football industry, 1950–2006.” Mimeo, 2014.Google Scholar
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