Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 October 2025
The various forcing strategies to be implemented in the governing equations are described in this chapter. Two big categories are first introduced, namely continuous forcing and discrete forcing methods. The various techniques are then detailed and the steps needed to implement them into an existing flow solver are described.
As any immersed boundary method has to be coupled with a solution algorithm for the governing equations, pseudo-compressibility and fractional-step methods are described in detail and some issues related to their combination with IBMs illustrated.
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