Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-m9kch Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-17T17:54:00.448Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

11 - Actions and Identities in Emergency Calls

The Case of Thanking

from Part II - Practices of Action Ascription

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2022

Arnulf Deppermann
Affiliation:
Universität Mannheim, Germany
Michael Haugh
Affiliation:
University of Queensland
Get access

Summary

This chapter analyses emergency calls to see how the incident report of callers is ascribed either the action of making a request to the emergency call centre or the action of providing a service to the call centre. In accordance with Whalen & Zimmerman (1987) and Bergmann (1993), we see that when the caller thanks the call-taker in response to the dispatching of assistance, the caller’s incident report is treated as a request, while the call-taker by thanking the caller ascribes to the caller the action of having provided a service. Adding to their analyses, this chapter shows that action-ascription is subject to local interactional contingencies much more than to interaction-external identities such as the caller’s relation to the incident. We show examples where callers who are directly involved in the incident are treated as providing a service and we show examples of witness-callers who are treated as making a request. For action-ascription, this means that the turn to which an action is ascribed and the turn that ascribes the action need not be adjacent. Further, this chapter shows that in these not-adjacent contexts, the interaction in between may strongly impact upon the eventual action-ascription.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Antaki, C. & Widdicombe, S. (1998). Identity as an achievement and as a tool. In Antaki, C. & Widdicombe, S., eds., Identities in Talk. London: Sage, pp. 114.Google Scholar
Atkinson, J. M. & Heritage, J. (1984). Structures of Social Action: Studies in Conversation Analysis, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bergmann, J. R. (1993). Alarmiertes Verstehen: Kommunikation in Feuerwehrnotrufen. In Jung, T. & Mueller-Doohm, S., eds., Wirklichkeit in Deutungprozess: Verstehen und Methoden in den Kultur- und Sozialwissenschaften. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, pp. 287328.Google Scholar
Bucholtz, M. & Hall, K. (2005). Identity and interaction: A sociocultural linguistic approach. Discourse Studies, 7(4–5), 585614.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clayman, S. & Heritage, J. (2014). Benefactors and beneficiaries: Benefactive status and stance in the management of offers and requests. In Drew, P. & Couper-Kuhlen, E., eds., Requesting in Social Interaction. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 5586.Google Scholar
Couper-Kuhlen, E. (2014). What does grammar tell us about action? Pragmatics, 24(3), 623–47.Google Scholar
Curl, T. S. & Drew, P. (2008). Contingency and action: A comparison of two forms of requesting. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 41(2), 129–53.Google Scholar
Floyd, S., Rossi, G., Baranova, J. et al. (2018). Universals and cultural diversity in the expression of gratitude. Royal Society Open Science, 5, 180391.Google Scholar
Garfinkel, H. (1967). Studies in Ethnomethodology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Heritage, J. & Clayman, S. (2010). Talk in Action: Interactions, Identities and Institutions. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houtkoop-Steenstra, H. (1987). Establishing agreement. Dissertation, University of Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Jefferson, G. (2004). Glossary of transcript symbols with an introduction. In Lerner, G. H., ed., Conversation Analysis: Studies from the First Generation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 1331.Google Scholar
Lerner, G. (1996). On the “semi-permeable” character of grammatical units in conversation: Conditional entry into the turn space of another speaker. In Ochs, E., Schegloff, E. A. & Thompson, S. A., eds., Interaction and Grammar. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 238–76.Google Scholar
Levinson, S. C. (2013). Action formation and ascription. In Stivers, T. & Sidnell, J., eds., Handbook of Conversation Analysis. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 103–30.Google Scholar
Mead, G. H. (1934). Mind, Self, and Society. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Mosegaard Hansen, M.-B. M. (2016). Patterns of thanking in the closing section of UK service calls: Marking conversational macro-structure vs managing interpersonal relations. Pragmatics and Society, 7(4), 664–92.Google Scholar
Raymond, G. & Zimmerman, D. H. (2007). Rights and responsibilities in calls for help: the case of the Mountain Glade Fire. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 40(1), 3361.Google Scholar
Raymond, G. & Zimmerman, D. H. (2016). Closing matters: Alignment and mis-alignment in sequence and call closings in institutional interaction. Discourse Studies, 16(8), 716–36.Google Scholar
Rossi, G. (2015) The request system in Italian interaction. Dissertation, Radboud University, Nijmegen.Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. (2007). Sequence Organization in Interaction: A Primer in Conversation Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Schegloff, E. A. & Sacks, H. (1973). Opening up closings. Semiotica, 8(4), 289327.Google Scholar
Sidnell, J. (2013). Basic conversation analytic methods. In Sidnell, J. & Stivers, T., eds., Handbook of Conversation Analysis. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 7799.Google Scholar
Wakin, M. & Zimmerman, D. H. (1999). Reduction and specialization in emergency and directory assistance calls. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 32(4), 409–37.Google Scholar
Whalen, M. R. & Zimmerman, D. H. (1987). Sequential and institutional contexts in calls for help. Social Psychology Quarterly, 50(2), 172–85.Google Scholar
Whalen, M. R. & Zimmerman, D. H. (1990). Describing trouble: Practical epistemology in citizen calls to the police. Language in Society, 19, 465–92.Google Scholar
Whalen, J., Zimmerman, D. H. & Whalen, M. (1988). When words fail: A single case analysis. Social Problems, 35(4), 309–46.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, D. H. (1984). Talk and its occasion: the case of calling the police. In Schiffrin, D., ed., Meaning, Form and Use in Context: Linguistic Applications. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, pp. 210–28.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, D. H. (1992). The interactional organization of calls for emergency assistance. In Drew, P. & Heritage, J., eds., Talk at Work: Interaction in Institutional Settings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 418–69.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, D. H. (1998). Identity, context and interaction. In Antaki, C. & Widdicombe, S., eds., Identities in Talk. London: Sage, pp. 87106.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, D. H. & Wakin, M. (1995). Thank you’s and the management of closings in emergency calls. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, Washington DC.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×