Chapter 1

1. 1.1 26 428 ft for H = 8 km.

2. 1.2 0.0013.

3. 1.3 819 hPa (using H = 8 km, 1 mile = 1.6 km).

4. 1.4 (a) 40200 km, (b) 111.7 km deg−1, (c) 96.7 km deg−1.

5. 1.5 50000 km2. 43000 km2.

6. 1.8 11.2 km s−1.

7. 1.9 2.

Chapter 2

1. 2.1 1.29, 1.25, 1.2 kg m−3.

2. 2.2 0.80 kg m−3.

3. 2.3 212 hPa.

4. 2.4 12.7 N.

5. 2.5 2.69×1025 molecules m−3.

6. 2.6 Rd = 2.87 hPa K−1 m3 kg−1.

7. 2.7 Differentiate P(v) with respect to v and set it to zero. See Table 2.2.

8. 2.8 462, 493, 413, 1846 ms−1.

9. 2.9 630 Pa. 1 kg m−1. Pressure with moisture = 78646 Pa. Density of moist mix = 1 kg m−3. Density of dry air at same temperature and pressure: 1.003 kg m−3.

10. 2.10 1.6×108 J.

11. 2.11 4.3×107 J.

12. 2.12 n0 = 2.69 ×1025 molecules m−3, H = 8000 m, N =2.15×1029 molecules.

13. 2.13 zλ=H = H ln(n0σcH).

14. 2.14 (gp0/RT0) ∫∞0ze−z/H dz = gp0H2/RT0.

15. 2.15 ½ Nm0v2 =32; NkBT, see Problem 2.12 for N.

16. 2.16 fyellow = c/λ = 6.0 × 1014 s−1. fcoll = n0σc≈ 6.5 × 109 s−1. An excited atom might suffer tens of collisions before it relaxes to the lower energy level.