Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-jr42d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T22:43:43.921Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Bibliography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

Philip Sabin
Affiliation:
King's College London
Hans van Wees
Affiliation:
University College London
Michael Whitby
Affiliation:
University of Warwick
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Achard, G. (1994) ‘Bellum iustum, bellum sceleratum sous les rois et sous la république’, Bollettino di Studi latini. 24: 474–86.Google Scholar
Adam, J.-P. (1982) L’architecture militaire grecque. Paris.
Adams, J. P. (1976) ‘Logistics of the Roman imperial army: major campaigns in the eastern front in the first three centuries AD’ (Yale University diss.).
Adams, W. L. (1984) ‘Antipater and Cassander: generalship on restricted resources in the fourth century’, Ancient World 10: 79–88.Google Scholar
Adcock, F. E. (1940) The Roman Art of War Under the Republic. Cambridge.
Adcock, F. E. (1957) The Greek and Macedonian Art of War. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Adcock, F. E. and Mosley, D. J. (1975) Diplomacy in Ancient Greece. London.
Aderson, J. K. (1985) Hunting in the Ancient World. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Afzelius, A. (1942) Die römische Eroberung Italiens (340–264 v. Chr.). Copenhagen.
Ager, S. L. (1996) Interstate Arbitration in the Greek World, 337–90 BC. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Ager, S. L. (2003) ‘An uneasy balance: from the death of Seleukos to the battle of Raphia’, in , Erskine (2003) 35–50.
Ahlberg, G. (1971) Fighting on Land and Sea in Greek Geometric Art. Stockholm.
Alcock, S. E. (1993) Graecia Capta: The Landscapes of Roman Greece. Cambridge.
Alcock, S. E. and Luraghi, N. (eds.) (2003) Helots and their Masters. Washington D.C.
Alföldi, A. (1952) Der frührömische Reiteradel und seine Ehrenabzeichen. Baden-Baden.
Alföldi, A. (1964) Early Rome and the Latins. Ann Arbor.
Alföldi, A. (1968) ‘(Centuria) Procum Patricium’, Historia 17: 444–60.Google Scholar
Allen, R. E. (1983) The Attalid Kingdom: A Constitutional History. Oxford.
Alston, R. (1995) Soldier and Society in Roman Egypt. London.
Ambaglio, D. (1981) ‘Il trattato “Sul comandante” di Onasandro’, Athenaeum 59: 353–71.Google Scholar
Ameling, W. (1993) Karthago: Studien zu Militär, Staat und Gesellschaft. Munich.
Amit, M. (1965) Athens and the Sea: A Study in Athenian Sea-Power. Brussels.
Ampolo, C. (1987) ‘I contributi alla prima spedizione ateniese in Sicilia (427–404 A.C.)’, PP 42: 5–11.
Anastasiadis, V. (2004) ‘Idealised scholê and disdain for work’, Classical Quarterly 54: 58–79.Google Scholar
Anderson, J. K. (1961) Ancient Greek Horsemanship. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Anderson, J. K. (1965) ‘Homeric, British and Cyrenaic chariots’, American Journal of Archaeology 69: 349–52.Google Scholar
Anderson, J. K. (1967) ‘Philopoemen’s reform of the Achaean army’, CPh 62: 104–6.Google Scholar
Anderson, J. K. (1970) Military Theory and Practice in the Age of Xenophon. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Anderson, J. K. (1975) ‘Greek chariot-borne and mounted infantry’, American Journal of Archaeology 79: 175–87.Google Scholar
Anderson, J. K. (1976) ‘Shields of eight palms width’, California Studies in Classical Antiquity 9: 1–6.Google Scholar
Anderson, J. K. (1984) ‘Hoplites and heresies: a note’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 104: 152.Google Scholar
Anderson, J. K. (1991) ‘Hoplite weapons and offensive arms’, in , Hanson (1991b) 15–37.
Anderson, M. (1997) The Fall of Troy in Early Greek Poetry and Art. Oxford.
Andreau, J., Briant, P. and Descat, R. (eds.) (2000) Economie antique: la guerre dans les économies antiques. Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges.
Andreau, J. and Virlouvet, C. (eds.) (2002) L’information et la mer dans le monde antique. Rome.
Andrewes, A. (1956) The Greek Tyrants. London.
Andrewes, A. (1961) ‘Phratries in Homer’, Hermes 89: 129–40.Google Scholar
Andrewes, A. (1992) ‘The Spartan resurgence’, Cambridge Ancient History V, 464–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anglim, S., Jestice, P. G., Rice, R. S., Rusch, S. M. and Serrati, J. (2002). Fighting Techniques of the Ancient World, 3000 bc-ad 500: Equipment, Combat Skills and Tactics. London.
Anson, E. M. (1981) ‘Alexander’s hypaspists and the Argyraspides’, Historia 30: 117–20.Google Scholar
Anson, E. M. (1991) ‘The evolution of the Macedonian army assembly, 330–315 BC’, Historia 40: 230–47.Google Scholar
Aperghis, M. (2001) ‘Production-population-taxation-coinage: a model for the Seleukid economy’, in , Archibald et al. (2001) 69–102.
Aravantinos, V., Godart, L. and Sacconi, A. (1995) ‘Sui nuovi testi del palazzo di Cadmo a Tebe’, Rendiconti della classe di scienze morali, storiche e filologiche dell’Accademia dei Lincei 9: 809–45.Google Scholar
Archibald, Z. H. (1998) The Odrysian Kingdom of Thrace. Oxford.
Archibald, Z. H. (2001) ‘Away from Rostovtzeff: a new SEHHW’, in , Archibald et al. (2001) 379–88.
Archibald, Z. H., Davies, J. K., Gabrielsen, V. and Oliver, G. J. (eds.) (2001) Hellenistic Economies. London.
Ardant du Picq, C. J. J. J. (1987) ‘Battle studies’, Roots of Strategy, Book 2. Mechanicsburg, Penn.Google Scholar
Arnaud, A. (1971) ‘Quelques aspects des rapports de la ruse et de la guerre dans le monde grec du VIIIe au Ve siècle’. Thèse de 3e cycle. Paris.Google Scholar
Arnould, D. (1981) Guerre et paix dans la poésie grecque. New York.
Ascani, K., Gabrielsen, V., Kvist, K. and Rasmussen, A. H. (eds.) (2002) Ancient History Matters: Studies Presented to Jens Erik Skydsgaard on his Seventieth Birthday. Rome.
Ash, R. (1999a) ‘An exemplary conflict: TacitusParthian battle narrative (Annals 6. 34–5)’, Phoenix 53: 114–35.Google Scholar
Ash, R. (1999b) Ordering Anarchy: Armies and Leaders in Tacitus’ Histories. London.
Ash, R. (2002) ‘Epic encounters? Ancient historical battle narratives and the epic tradition’, in , Levine and , Nelis (2002) 253–73.
Asheri, D. (1966) Distribuzioni di terre nell’antica Grecia. Turin.
Ashley, J. R. (1998) The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359–323 BC. Jefferson.
Astin, A. (1967) Scipio Aemilianus. Oxford.
Austin, M. M. (1981) The Hellenistic World from Alexander to the Roman Conquest. Cambridge.
Austin, M. M. (1986) ‘Hellenistic kings, war and the economy’, Classical Quarterly 36: 450–66.Google Scholar
Austin, N. J. E. (1979) Ammianus on War. Brussels.
Austin, N. J. E. and Rankov, N. B. (1995) Exploratio: Military and Political Intelligence in the Roman World from the Second Punic War to the Battle of Adrianople. London.
Autenrieth, G. (1958) A Homeric Dictionary. Norman, Okla.
Aymard, A. (1957) ‘Le partage des profits de la guerre dans les traités d’ alliance antiques’, Revue d’histoire 217: 233–49.Google Scholar
Aymard, A. (1967) ‘Sur quelques vers d’ Euripide qui poussèrent Alexandre au meurtre’, in Etudes d’histoire ancienne (Paris) 50–728.Google Scholar
Bachrach, B. (1993) Armies and Politics in the Early Medieval West. Aldershot.
Badian, E. (1958) Foreign Clientelae, 264–70 bc. Oxford.
Badian, E. (ed.) (1966) Ancient History and Institutions: Studies Presented to Victor Ehrenberg. Oxford.
Badian, E. (1968) Roman Imperialism in the Late Republic. Oxford.
Badian, E. (1972) Publicans and Sinners: Private Enterprise in the Service of the Roman Republic. Oxford.
Badian, E. (ed.) (1976) Alexandre le grand: image et réalité (Entretiens Hardt 22). Geneva.Google Scholar
Badian, E. (1977) ‘The battle of the Granicus: a new look’, in Ancient Macedonia II (Thessaloniki) 271–93.
Bagnall, R. S. (1976) The Administration of the Ptolemaic Possessions Outside Egypt. Leiden.
Bagnall, R. S. (1984) ‘The origins of Ptolemaic cleruchs’, Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists 21: 7–20.Google Scholar
Baker, P. (1999) ‘Les mercenaires’, in Prost, (1999a) 240–55.
Baker, P. (2001) ‘La vallée du Méandre au IIe siècle: relations entre les cités et institutions militaires’, in Bresson and Descat (2001) 61–75.Google Scholar
Balcer, J. (1983) ‘The Greeks and the Persians: the processes of acculturation’, Historia 32: 257–67.Google Scholar
Balot, R. (2001) Greed and Injustice in Classical Athens. Princeton.
Baltrusch, E. (1994) Symmachie und Spondai. Untersuchungen zum griechischen Völkerrecht der archaischen und klassischen Zeit (8.–5. Jahrhundert v. Chr.). Berlin.
Bar-Kochva, B. (1976) The Seleucid Army: Organization and Tactics in Great Campaigns. Cambridge.
Barbieri, G. (1955) Conone. Rome.
Barnes, T. D. (1985) ‘Constantine and the Christians of Persia’, Journal of Roman Studies 75: 126–36.Google Scholar
Barnes, T. D. (1998) Ammianus Marcellinus and the Representation of Historical Reality. Ithaca.
Baronowski, D. W. (1984) ‘The formula togatorum’, Historia 33: 248–52.Google Scholar
Baronowski, D. W. (1993) ‘Roman military forces in 225 BC (Polybius 2. 23–4)’, Historia 42: 181–202.Google Scholar
Barringer, J. (2001) The Hunt in Ancient Greece. Baltimore.
Barry, W. D. (1996) ‘Roof tiles and urban violence in the ancient world’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 37: 55–74.Google Scholar
Baslez, M.-F. (1984) L’étranger dans la Grèce antique. Paris.
Bauer, A. (1891) ‘Ansichten des Thukydides über Kriegführung’, Philologus 50: 401–29.Google Scholar
Bauslaugh, R. A. (1991) The Concept of Neutrality in Classical Greece. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Bazant, J. (1983) ‘War, poetry and Athenian vases’, Listy Filologické 106: 203–9.Google Scholar
Becker, C. (ed.) (1960) Tradition und Geist: Gesammelte Essays zur Dichtung. Göttingen.
Bekker-Nielsen, T. and Hannestad, L. (eds.) (2001) War as a Cultural and Social Force: Essays on Warfare in Antiquity. Copenhagen.
Bell, H. I., Martin, V., Turner, E. G. and van Berchem, D. (1962) The Abbinaeus Archive: Papers of a Roman Officer in the Reign of Constantius II. Oxford.
Bell, M. J. V. (1965) ‘Tactical reform in the Roman republican army’, Historia 14: 404–22.Google Scholar
Bellinger, A. R. (1963) Essays on the Coinage of Alexander the Great. New York.
Bérard, C. and Vernant, J.-P. (eds.) (1989) A City of Images. Princeton.
Berent, M. (1996) ‘Hobbes and the “Greek tongues”’, History of Political Thought 17: 36–59.Google Scholar
Berent, M. (2000) ‘Anthropology and the classics: war, violence and the stateless polis’, Classical Quarterly 50: 257–89.Google Scholar
Bernand, A. (1999) Guerre et violence dans la Grèce antique. Paris.
Best, J. G. P. (1969) Thracian Peltasts and their Influence on Greek Warfare. Groningen.
Beston, P. (2000) ‘Hellenistic military leadership’, in van Wees, (2000b) 315–35.
Bevan, E. (1927) A History of Egypt during the Ptolemaic Dynasty. London.
Bianco, E. (1997) ‘Ificrate, ‘ρήτωρ καì στρατηγóς’, MGR 21: 179–201.Google Scholar
Bikerman, E. J. (1938) Institutions des Séleucides. Paris.
Bilde, P. (ed.) (1993) Centre and Periphery in the Hellenistic World. Aarhus.
Billows, R. A. (1990) Antigonos the One-Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Billows, R. A. (1995a) Kings and Colonists: Aspects of Macedonian Imperialism. Leiden.
Billows, R. A. (1995b) ‘The succession of the Epigonoi’, Syllecta Classica 6: 1–11.Google Scholar
Billows, R. A. (2003) ‘Cities’, in Erskine, (2003) 196–215.
Bishop, M. C. (ed.) (1983) Roman Military Equipment. Proceedings of a Seminar held in the Department of Ancient History and Classical Archaeology at the University of Sheffield, 21st March 1983. Sheffield.
Bishop, M. C. and Coulson, J. C. N. (1993) Roman Military Equipment. London.
Blackman, D. (1969) ‘The Athenian navy and allied contributions in the Pentecontaetia’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 10: 179–216.Google Scholar
Blockley, R. C. (1981) The Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire. Liverpool.
Blümlein, C. (1925) Jahresbericht über die Fortschritte der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft 201: 1–64.
Blümlein, C. (1928) Jahresbericht über die Fortschritte der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft 218: 69–100.
Blümlein, C. (1935) Jahresbericht über die Fortschritte der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft 248: 148–99.
Blümlein, C. (1941) Jahresbericht über die Fortschritte der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft 274: 115–51.
Blythe, P. H. (1977) ‘The effectiveness of Greek armour against arrows in the Persian War’ (University of Reading diss.).è.
Boardman, J. (ed.) (1994) Cambridge Ancient History: Plates to Volumes V and VI, the Fifth to the Fourth Centuries BC. Cambridge.
Boedeker, D. and Sider, D. (eds.) (2001) The New Simonides. Oxford.
Boog, H. et al. (eds.) (1986) Die Bedeutung der Logistik für die militärische Führung von der Antike bis in die neuste Zeit (Vorträge zur Militärgeschichte 7). Herford.Google Scholar
Borza, E. N. (1987) ‘Timber and politics: Macedon and the Greeks’, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 131: 32–52.Google Scholar
Borza, E. N. (1990) In the Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon. Princeton.
Bosworth, A. B. (1973) ‘A∑ηETAIPOI’, Classical Quarterly 23: 245–53.Google Scholar
Bosworth, A. B. (1980–95) A Historical Commentary on Arrian’s History of Alexander. Vol. I (1980). Vol. II (1995). Oxford.
Bosworth, A. B. (1986) ‘Alexander the Great and the decline of Macedonia’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 106: 1–12.Google Scholar
Bosworth, A. B. (1988a) Conquest and Empire: The Reign of Alexander the Great. Cambridge.
Bosworth, A. B. (1988b) From Arrian to Alexander: Studies in Historical Interpretation. Oxford.
Bosworth, A. B. (1994) ‘Alexander the Great, Part 2: Greece and the conquered territories’, Cambridge Ancient History VI, 846–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bosworth, A. B. (1996) Alexander and the East: The Tragedy of Triumph. Oxford.
Bosworth, A. B. (2002) The Legacy of Alexander: Politics, Warfare and Propaganda under the Successors. Oxford.
Bousquet, J. (1988) ‘La stèle des Kyténiens à Xanthos de Lycie’, Revue des études grecques 101: 12–53.Google Scholar
Bowersock, G. W., Brown, P. and Grabar, O. (eds.) (1999) Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World. Cambridge, Mass.
Bowman, A. K. (1994) Life and Letters on the Roman Frontier. London.
Bowman, A. K. (1996) Egypt After the Pharaohs, 332 BC–AD 642: From Alexander to the Arab Conquest, 2nd edn. Oxford.
Bowra, C. M. (1964) Pindar. Oxford.
Braddlock, M. J. (2000) State Formation in Early Modern Europe, c. 1550–1700. Cambridge.
Bradeen, D. (1974) The Athenian Agora XVII: The Athenian Councillors. Princeton.
Bradford, A. S. (2001) With Arrow, Sword and Spear. Westport, Conn.
Braun, T. (1995) ‘Barley cakes and emmer bread’, in , Wilkins et al. (1995) 25–37.
Braund, D. C. (2003) ‘After Alexander: the emergence of the Hellenistic world, 323–281 BC’, in , Erskine (2003) 19–34.
Bravo, B. (1980) ‘Sulân: représailles et justice privée contre des étrangers dans les cités grecques’, Annali della Scuola normale superiore di Pisa, classe di lettere e filosofia 3rd ser. 10: 675–987.Google Scholar
Bresson, A. and Descat, R. (2001) Les cités d’Asie Mineure occidentale au IIe siècle a. C. Bordeaux.
Briant, P. (1978) ‘Colonisation hellénistique et populations indigènes: la phase d’installation’, Klio 60: 57–92.Google Scholar
Briant, P. (1999) ‘The Achaemenid Empire’, in , Raaflaub and Rosenstein, (1999) 105–28.
Bringmann, K. (1993) ‘The king as benefactor: some remarks on ideal kingship in the age of Hellenism’, in , Bulloch et al. (1993) 7–24.
Briscoe, J. (1972) ‘Flamininus and Roman politics, 200–189 BC’, Latomus 31: 22–53.Google Scholar
Brisson, J. -P. (1969a) ‘Les mutations de la deuxième guerre Punique’, in , Brisson (1969b) 33–59.
Brisson, J.-P. (ed.) (1969b) Problèmes de la guerre à Rome. Paris.
Brock, R. and Hodkinson, S. (eds.) (2000) Alternatives to Athens: Varieties of Political Organization and Community in Ancient Greece. Oxford.
Bruce, I. A. F. (1967) An Historical Commentary on the ‘Hellenica Oxyrhynchia’. Cambridge.
Brulé, P. (1999) ‘La mortalité de guerre en Grèce classique: l’exemple d’Athènes de 490 à 322’, in , Prost (1999a) 51–68.
Brulé, P. and Oulhen, J. (eds.) (1997) Esclavage, guerre, économie en Grèce ancienne: hommages à Yvon Garlan. Paris.
Brun, P. (1983) Eisphora-syntaxeis-stratiotika. Recherches sur les finances militaires d’Athènes au IVe siècle av. J. -C. Paris.
Brunt, P. A. (1962) ‘The equites in the late Republic’, in , Seager (1962) 83–115.
Brunt, P. A. (1971) Italian Manpower, 225 BC–ad 14. Oxford.
Brunt, P. A. (1976) Arrian, History of Alexander, I. Cambridge, Mass.
Brunt, P. A. (1983) Arrian, History of Alexander, II. Cambridge, Mass.
Brunt, P. A. (1988) The Fall of the Roman Republic and Related Essays. Oxford.
Bryant, J. M. (1990) ‘Military technology and socio-cultural change in the ancient Greek city’, Sociological Review ns 38: 484–516.Google Scholar
Buchanan, J. J. (1962) Theorika: A Study of Monetary Distributions to the Athenian Citizenry in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries BC. New York.
Büchholz, H. G. (1977) Kriegswesen (Archaeologia Homerica 1). Göttingen.Google Scholar
Buckler, J. (1980a) ‘Plutarch on Leuctra’, Symbolae Osloenses 55: 75–83.Google Scholar
Buckler, J. (1980b) The Theban Hegemony, 371–362 BC. Cambridge, Mass.
Buckler, J. (1985) ‘Epaminondas and the embolon’, Phoenix 34: 134–43.Google Scholar
Buckler, J. (1995) ‘The battle of Tegyra, 375 BC’, Boeotia Antiqua 5: 43–58.Google Scholar
Buckler, J. (1996) ‘The battle of Koroneia and its historiographical legacy’, Boeotia Antiqua 6: 59–72.Google Scholar
Budelmann, F. and Michelakis, P. (eds.) (2001) Homer, Tragedy and Beyond: Essays in Honour of P. E. Easterling. London.
Bugh, G. R. (1988) The Horsemen of Athens. Princeton.
Bugh, G. R. (1998) ‘Cavalry inscriptions from the Athenian agora’, Hesperia 67: 81–90.Google Scholar
Bulloch, A. W., Gruen, E. S., Long, A. A. and Stewart, A. (eds.) (1993) Images and Ideologies: Self-Definition in the Hellenistic World. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Buraselis, K. (1982) Das hellenistische Makedonien und die Aegaeis. Munich.
Burchett, W. and Roebuck, D. (1977) The Whores of War: Mercenaries Today. Harmondsworth.
Burchill, S. (2001) ‘Realism and neo-realism’, in , Burchill et al. (2001) 70–102.
Burchill, S., Devetak, R., Linklater, A., Paterson, M., Reus-Smit, C. and True, J. (eds.) (2001) Theories of International Relations, 2nd edn. Basingstoke.
Burckhardt, J. (1998) The Greeks and Greek Civilization (ed. with introduction by Murray, O.). London and New York.
Burckhardt, L. A. (1996) Bürger und Soldaten: Aspekte der Politischen und Militärischen Rolle Athenischer Bürger im Kriegwesen des 4 Jahrhunderts v. Chr. (Historia Einzelschriften 101). Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Burckhardt, L. A. (2001) Review of Hunt (1998), Klio 83: 236–7.Google Scholar
Burford, A. (1993) Land and Labor in the Greek World. Baltimore.
Burn, A. R. (1929) ‘The so-called “trade leagues” in early Greek history and the Lelantine war’, Annual of the British School at Athens 49: 14–37.Google Scholar
Burn, A. R. (1962) Persia and the Greeks. London.
Burnham, B. and Johnson, H. (1979) Invasion and Response: The Case of Roman Britain. Oxford.
Burstein, S. M. (1985) The Hellenistic Age from the Battle of Ipsos to the Death of Cleopatra VII. Cambridge.
Burton, P. (2000) ‘Amicitia in Roman social and international relations, 350–146 BC’ (University of Maryland diss).
Butz, P. (1996) ‘Prohibitionary inscriptions, xenoi and the influence of the early Greek polis’, in Hägg (1996) 75–95.Google Scholar
Buxton, R. (1994) Imaginary Greece: The Contexts of Mythology. Cambridge.
Cairns, F. (1991) ‘The “Laws of Eretria” (IG XII.9.1273 and 1274): epigraphic, legal, historical and political aspects’, Phoenix 45: 291–313.Google Scholar
Cameron, Alan and Long, J. (1993) Barbarians and Politics at the Court of Arcadius. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Cameron, Averil (1985) Procopius and the Sixth Century. London.
Cameron, Averil (ed.) (1989) History as Text: The Writing of Ancient History. London.
Camp, J. M. (1991) ‘Notes on the towers and borders of classical Boiotia’, American Journal of Archaeology 95: 193–202.Google Scholar
Camp, J. M. (2000) ‘Walls and the polis’, in Flensted-Jensen, et al. (2000) 41–51.
Campbell, B. (1994) The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook. London.
Campbell, J. K. (1964) Honour, Family and Patronage: A Study of Institutions and Moral Values in a Greek Mountain Community. Oxford.
Cappelletti, L. (1997) ‘Il ruolo dei fetiales e il concetto di civitas in Liv. IX 45.5–9’, Tyche 12: 7–13.Google Scholar
Cargill, J. (1981) The Second Athenian League: Empire or Free Alliance? Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Cargill, J. (1995) Athenian Settlements of the Fourth Century BC. Leiden.
Carman, J. and Harding, A. (1999) Ancient Warfare: Archaeological Perspectives. Stroud.
Carneiro, R. L. (1970) ‘A theory of the origins of the state’, Science 109: 733–8.Google Scholar
Carneiro, R. L. (1994) ‘War and peace: alternative realities in human history’, in Reyna, and Downs, (1994) 3–28.
Carney, E. (1996) ‘Macedonians and mutiny: discipline and indiscipline in the army of Philip and Alexander’, Classical Philology 91: 19–44.Google Scholar
Cartledge, P. A. (1977) ‘Hoplites and heroes: Sparta’s contribution to the technique of ancient warfare’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 97: 11–27.Google Scholar
Cartledge, P. A. (1979) Sparta and Lakonia: A Regional History, 1300–362 BC. London.
Cartledge, P. A. (1987) Agesilaos and the Crisis of Sparta. London.
Cartledge, P. A. (1991) ‘Richard Talbert’s revision of the Spartan–Helot struggle: a reply’, Historia 40: 379–81.Google Scholar
Cartledge, P. A. (1996) ‘La nascita degli opliti e l’organizzazione militare’, in Settis, (1996) 681–714.
Cartledge, P. A. (2001) Spartan Reflections. London.
Cartledge, P. A., Garnsey, P. D. A. and Gruen, E. S. (eds.) (1997) Hellenistic Constructs: Essays in Culture, History and Historiography. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Cartledge, P. A., Millett, P. and von Reden, S. (eds.) (1998) Kosmos: Essays in Order, Conflict and Community in Classical Athens. Cambridge.
Cascione, C. (1992) ‘Bellum iustum’, Index 20: 575–81.Google Scholar
Casson, L. (1966) ‘Galley slaves’, Transactions of the American Philological Association 97: 35–44.Google Scholar
Casson, L. (1971) Ships and Seamanship in the Ancient World. Princeton.
Casson, L. (1994) Ships and Seafaring in Ancient Times. Austin.
Casson, L. (1995a) ‘The feeding of the trireme crews and an entry in IG II2 1631’, Transactions of the American Philological Association 125: 261–9.Google Scholar
Casson, L. (1995b) Ships and Seamanship in the Ancient World, rev. edn. Baltimore.
Casson, L. and Steffy, R. J. (1991) The Athlit Ram. College Station, Tex.
Cataldi, S. (1983) Symbolai e relazioni tra le città greche nel V secolo a. C. Pisa.
Cataldi, S., Moggi, M., Nenci, G. and Panassa, G. (eds.) (1981) Studi sui rapporti interstatali nel mondo antico. Pisa.
Caven, B. (1990) Dionyius I: War-lord of Sicily. New Haven.
Cawkwell, G. L. (1963) ‘Eubulus’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 83: 47–67.Google Scholar
Cawkwell, G. L. (1972) Xenophon: The Persian Expedition. Harmondsworth.
Cawkwell, G. L. (1978) Philip of Macedon. London.
Cawkwell, G. L. (1980) Review of Engels (1978), Classical Review 94: 244–6.Google Scholar
Cawkwell, G. L. (1983) ‘The decline of Sparta’, Classical Quarterly 33: 385–400.Google Scholar
Cawkwell, G. L. (1984) ‘Athenian naval power in the fourth century’, Classical Quarterly 34: 334–45.Google Scholar
Cawkwell, G. L. (1989) ‘Orthodoxy and hoplites’, Classical Quarterly 39: 375–89.Google Scholar
Cawkwell, G. L. (1994) ‘The deification of Alexander the Great: a note’, in Worthington, I. (ed.), Ventures into Greek History (Oxford) 293–306.Google Scholar
Cawkwell, G. L. (1997) Thucydides and the Peloponnesian War. London.
Ceccarelli, P. (1993) ‘Sans thalassocratie, pas de démocratie? Le rapport entre thalassocratie et démocratie à Athènes dans la discussion du Ve et IVe siècle av. J. C.’, Historia 42: 444–70.Google Scholar
Chambers, J. (1977/78) ‘On Messenian and Lakonian helots in the fifth century’, The Historian 40: 271–85.Google Scholar
Chaniotis, A. (1996a) ‘Conflicting authorities: asylia between secular and divine law in the classical and Hellenistic poleis’, Kernos 9: 65–86.Google Scholar
Chaniotis, A. (1996b) Die Verträge zwischen kretischen Poleis in der hellenistische Zeit. Stuttgart.
Chaniotis, A. and Ducrey, P. (eds.) (2002) Army and Power in the Ancient World. Stuttgart.
Chastagnol, A., Nicolet, C. and van Effenterre, H. (eds.) (1977) Armées et fiscalité dans le monde antique (Colloques nationaux du CNRS 936). Paris.Google Scholar
Christ, M. R. (2001) ‘Conscription of hoplites in classical Athens’, Classical Quarterly 51: 398–422.Google Scholar
Christ, M. R. (2004) ‘Draft evasion onstage and offstage in classical Athens’, Classical Quarterly 54: 33–57.Google Scholar
Clark, M. (1995) ‘Did Thucydides invent the battle exhortation?’, Historia 44: 375–6.Google Scholar
Clarysse, W. and Schepens, G. (1985) ‘A Ptolemaic fragment of an Alexander history’, Chrononique d’Égypte 60: 30–47.Google Scholar
Coates, J. F. (1993) ‘Carrying troops in triremes’, in Shaw, (1993) 78–81.
Coates, J. F., Platis, S. K. and Shaw, J. T. (1990) The Trireme Trials 1988. Oxford.
Cobet, J. (1986) ‘Herodotus and Thucydides on war’, in Moxon, et al. (1986) 1–18.
Cohen, A. (1997) The Alexander Mosaic: Stories of Victory and Defeat. Cambridge.
Cohen, G. M. (1978) The Seleucid Colonies: Studies in Founding, Administration and Organization (Historia Einzelschriften 30). Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Cohen, G. M. (1995) The Hellenistic Settlements in Europe, the Islands and Asia Minor. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Cole, S. G. (1988) ‘The uses of water in Greek sanctuaries’, in , Hägg et al. (1988) 161–5.
Connelly, J. B. (1996) ‘Parthenon and parthenoi: mythological interpretation of the Parthenon frieze’, American Journal of Archaeology 100: 53–80.Google Scholar
Connolly, P. (1981) Greece and Rome at War. London.
Connolly, P. (1984) ‘Hellenistic warfare’, Cambridge Ancient History VII2.1, 81–90.Google Scholar
Connolly, P. (1998) Greece and Rome at War, rev. edn. London.
Connolly, P. (2000a) ‘Experiments with the sarissa – the Macedonian pike and cavalry lance – a functional view’, Journal of Roman Military Equipment Studies 11: 103–12.Google Scholar
Connolly, P. (2000b) ‘The reconstruction and use of Roman weaponry in the second century BC’, Journal of Roman Military Equipment Studies 11: 43–6.Google Scholar
Connor, W. R. (1988) ‘Early Greek land warfare as symbolic expression’, Past and Present 119: 3–29.Google Scholar
Cook, M. L. (1990) ‘Timocrates’ 50 talents and the cost of ancient warfare’, Eranos 88: 69–97.Google Scholar
Cooper, F. A. (2000) ‘The fortifications of Epaminondas and the rise of the monumental Greek city’, in Tracy, (2000) 155–91.
Corcoran, S. (1996) The Empire of the Tetrarchs: Imperial Pronouncements and Government, AD 284–324. Oxford.
Cornell, T. J. (1989a) ‘The conquest of Italy’, Cambridge Ancient History VII2.2, 351–419.Google Scholar
Cornell, T. J. (1989b) ‘The recovery of Rome’, Cambridge Ancient History VII2.2, 309–50.Google Scholar
Cornell, T. J. (1989c) ‘Rome and Latium to 390 BC’, Cambridge Ancient History VII2.2, 243–308.Google Scholar
Cornell, T. J. (1995) The Beginnings of Rome: Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars, c. 1000–264 BC. London and New York.
Cornell, T. J. (1996) ‘Hannibal’s legacy: the effects of the Hannibalic War on Italy’, in Cornell, et al. (1996) 97–117.
Cornell, T. J., Rankov, N. B. and Sabin, P. A. (eds.) (1996) The Second Punic War: A Reappraisal (BICS Supplement 67). London.
Corsten, T. (1999) Vom Stamm zum Bund: Gründung und territoriale Organisation griechischer Bundesstaaten. Munich.
Corvisier, J.-N. (1994) ‘Médicine et démographie, l’exemple de Plutarque’, Revue des études grecques 107: 129–57.Google Scholar
Corvisier, J.-N. (1999) ‘Guerre et démographie en Grèce à la période classique’, Pallas 51: 57–99.Google Scholar
Craig, G. (1971) ‘Delbrück: the military historian’, in Earle, (1971) 260–86.
Crawford, D. J. (1971) Kerkeosiris: An Egyptian Village in the Ptolemaic Period. Cambridge.
Crawford, M. H. (1996) Roman Statutes, vol. II. London.
Crawley, R. (tr.) (1910) Thucydides: The History of the Peloponnesian War. London and New York.
Creighton, J. D. and Wilson, R. J. A. (eds.) (1999) Roman Germany: Studies in Cultural Interaction (Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplement 32). Portsmouth, R.I. Google Scholar
Crielaard, J.-P. (ed.) (1995) Homeric Questions. Amsterdam.
Croke, B. and Crow, J. (1983) ‘Procopius and Dara’, Journal of Roman Studies 73: 143–59.Google Scholar
Crowther, C. V. (1995) ‘Iasos in the second century BC. (3): foreign judges from Priene’, Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 40: 91–138.Google Scholar
Crowther, C. V. (1998) ‘Aus der Arbeit der Inscriptiones Graecae I: drei Dekrete aus Kos für δiκασταγωγoí’, Chiron 28: 87–100.Google Scholar
Crowther, C. V. (1999) ‘Aus der Arbeit der Inscriptiones Graecae IV: Koan decrees for foreign judges’, Chiron 29: 251–319.Google Scholar
Crowther, N. B. (1991a) ‘The apobates reconsidered (Demosthenes lxi 23–9)’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 111: 174–6.Google Scholar
Crowther, N. B. (1991b) ‘Euexia, eutaxia, philoponia: three contests of the Greek gymnasium’, Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 85: 301–4.Google Scholar
Curty, O. (1995) Les parentés legendaires entre cités grecques. Catalogue raisonné des inscriptions contenant le terme SYNGENEIA et analyse critique. Geneva.
Dabrowa, E. (ed.) (2001) Roman Military Studies (Electrum 5). Craków.Google Scholar
Dalby, A. (1992) ‘Greeks abroad: social organisation and food among the Ten Thousand’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 112: 16–30.Google Scholar
Daly, G. (2002) Cannae. London.
Daniel, T. (1992) ‘The taxeis of Alexander and the change to chiliarchies, the companion cavalry and the change to hipparchies: a brief assessment’, Ancient World 23: 43–57.Google Scholar
D’Arms, J. H. and Kopff, E. C. (eds.) (1980) The Seaborne Commerce of Ancient Rome: Studies in Archaeology and History (Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome 36). Rome.Google Scholar
David, E. (1979/80) ‘The influx of money into Sparta at the end of the fifth century BC’, SCI 5: 30–45.Google Scholar
David, J.-M. (1996) The Roman Conquest of Italy. Oxford.
Davies, J. K. (1981) Wealth and the Power of Wealth in Classical Athens. New York.
Davies, J. K. (1984) ‘Cultural, social and economic features of the Hellenistic world’, Cambridge Ancient History VII2.1, 257–320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davies, J. K. (2001a) ‘Hellenistic economics in the post-Finley era’, in Archibald, et al. (2001) 11–62.
Davies, J. K. (2001b) ‘Temples, credit and the circulation of money’, in Meadows, and Shipton, (2001) 117–28.
Davies, R. (1989) Service in the Roman Army. New York.
Davis, E. W. (1964) ‘The Persian battle plan at the Granicus’, James Sprunt Studies in History and Political Sciences 46: 34–44.Google Scholar
Dawson, D. (1996) The Origins of Western Warfare: Militarism and Morality in the Ancient Greek World. Boulder, Colo.
de Romilly, J. (1968) ‘Guerre et paix dans la poésie grecqué’, in Vernant, (1968) 207–20
de Sélincourt, A. (tr.) (1996) Herodotus: The Histories. Harmondsworth.
de Souza, P. (1998) ‘Towards thalassocracy? Archaic Greek naval developments’, in Fisher, and van Wees, (1998) 271–93.
de Souza, P. (1999) Piracy in the Graeco-Roman World. Cambridge.
de Souza, P. (2001) ‘A guide to Greek and Roman warships?’, Classical Review 51: 103–5.Google Scholar
de Souza, P. (2002) ‘Beyond the headland: locating the enemy in ancient naval warfare’, in Andreau, and Virlouvet, (2002) 69–92.
de Souza, P. and France, J. (eds.) (forthcoming) War and Peace in Ancient and Medieval History. Cambridge.
de Ste Croix, G. E. M. (1953) ‘Demosthenes’ TIMHMA and the Athenian Eisphora in the fourth century bc’, Classica et Mediaevalia 14: 30–70.Google Scholar
de Ste Croix, G. E. M. (1972) The Origins of the Peloponnesian War. London.
de Ste Croix, G. E. M. (1981) The Class Struggle in the Ancient Greek World. London.
Deacy, S. (2000) ‘Athena and Ares: war, violence and warlike deities’, in van Wees, (2000b) 285–98.
Delbrück, H. (1962) Geschichte der Kriegskunst im Rahmen der politischen Geschichte, vol. I: Das Altertum, 3rd edn. Berlin.Google Scholar
Delbrück, H. (1975) A History of the Art of War within the Framework of Political History, vol. I: Antiquity. Westport, Conn.Google Scholar
Delbrück, H. (1990) A History of the Art of War, vol. I: Warfare in Antiquity, Lincoln, Nebr.Google Scholar
Dennis, G. T. (ed.) (1981) Das Strategikon des Maurikos (Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae 17). Vienna.Google Scholar
Dennis, G. T. (tr.) (1984) Maurice’s Strategikon. Philadelphia.
Dennis, G. T. (1985) Three Byzantine Military Treatises. Washington, D.C.
Derow, P. (1979) ‘Polybius, Rome and the East’, Journal of Roman Studies 69: 1–15.Google Scholar
Derow, P. (1994) ‘Historical explanation: Polybius and his predecessors’, in Hornblower, (1994) 73–90.
Derow, P. and Parker, R. (eds.) (2003) Herodotus and his World. Oxford.
Develin, R. (1985) ‘Anaximenes (Fragmente der griechischen Historiker, ed. Jacoby, F. et al. (Leiden 1923–) 72 F 4)’, Historia 34: 493–6.Google Scholar
Devine, A. M. (1979) Review of Engels (1978), Phoenix 33: 272–6.Google Scholar
Devine, A. M. (1983) ‘Embolon: a study in tactical terminology’, Phoenix 37: 201–17.Google Scholar
Devine, A. M. (1984) ‘Diodorus’ account of the battle of Gaza’, Acta Classica 27: 31–40.Google Scholar
Devine, A. M. (1985a) ‘Diodorus’ account of the battle of Paraitacene (317 bc)’, Ancient World 12: 75–86.Google Scholar
Devine, A. M. (1985b) ‘Diodorus’ account of the battle of Gabiene’, Ancient World 12: 87–96.Google Scholar
Devine, A. M. (1985c) ‘Grand tactics at the battle of Issus’, Ancient World 12: 39–59.Google Scholar
Devine, A. M. (1986) ‘The battle of Gaugamela’, Ancient World 13: 87–116.Google Scholar
Devine, A. M. (1987) ‘The battle of the Hydaspes’, Ancient World 16: 91–113.Google Scholar
Devine, A. M. (1988) ‘A pawn-sacrifice at the battle of the Granicus’, Ancient World 18: 3–20.Google Scholar
Devine, A. M. (1989) ‘Aelian’s Manual of military tactics’, Ancient World 19: 31–64.Google Scholar
Devine, A. M. (1996) ‘The short sarissa again’, Ancient World 27: 52–3.Google Scholar
Devoto, J. (ed.) (1993) Flavius Arrianus, Tactical Handbook. Chicago.
Dillery, J. (1995) Xenophon and the History of his Times. London.
Dixon, K. R. and Southern, P. (1992) The Roman Cavalry. London.
Dodge, T. A. (1993) Hannibal (2 vols.). London.
Doenges, N. A. (1998) ‘The campaign and battle of Marathon’, Historia 47: 1–17.Google Scholar
Domaradzki, M. (1977) ‘Shields with metal fittings in the eastern Celtic region’, Przegląd Archeologiczny 25: 53–97.Google Scholar
Donlan, W. (1980) The Aristocratic Ideal in Ancient Greece. Lawrence, Kan. (repr. with additional chapters as Donlan (1999)).
Donlan, W. (1999) The Aristocratic Ideal in Ancient Greece and Selected Papers. Wauconda, Ill.
Dougherty, C. (1993) ‘It’s murder to found a colony’, in Dougherty, and Kurke, (1993) 178–98.
Dougherty, C. and Kurke, L. (eds.) (1993) Cultural Poetics in Archaic Greece: Cult, Performance, Politics. Cambridge.
Dover, K. J. (1974) Greek Popular Morality in the Time of Plato and Aristotle. Oxford.
Dreher, N. (1995) Hegemon und Symmachie: Untersuchungen zum zweiten Athenischen Seebund. Berlin and New York.
Drews, R. (1993) The End of the Bronze Age: Changes in Warfare and the Catastrophe ca. 1200 bc. Princeton.
Drijvers, J. W. and Hunt, D. (eds.) (1999) The Late Roman World and its Historian: Interpreting Ammianus Marcellinus. London.
Droysen, H. (1889) Heerwesen und Kriegführung der Griechen (Hermann’s, K. F. Lehrbuch der grieschischen Antiquitäten II.2). Freiburg.Google Scholar
Droysen, J. G. (1836–78) Geschichte des Hellenismus (6 vols.). Hamburg.
Drummond, A. (1989) ‘Rome in the fifth century I: the social and economic framework’; ‘Rome in the fifth century II: the citizen community’, Cambridge Ancient History VII2. 2, 113–71 172–242.Google Scholar
Du Boulay, J. (1974) Portrait of a Greek Mountain Village. Oxford.
Ducat, J. (1990) Les hilotes. Paris.
Ducat, J. (1999) ‘La société spartiate et la guerre’, in Prost, (1999a) 35–50.
Ducrey, P. (1968) Le traitement des prisonniers de guerre dans la Grèce antique. Paris.
Ducrey, P. (1971) ‘Remarque sur les causes du mercenariat dans la Grèce ancienne et la Suisse moderne’, in Buch der Freunde für Salis, J. R. (Zürich) 115–23.Google Scholar
Ducrey, P. (1985) Warfare in Ancient Greece. New York.
Ducrey, P. (1995) ‘La muraille est-elle un élément constitutif d’une cité?’, in Hansen, (1995b) 245–56.
Ducrey, P. (1997) ‘Aspects de l’histoire de la guerre en Grèce ancienne, 1945–1996’, in Brulé, and Oulhen, (1997) 123–38.
Ducrey, P. (1999) Le traitement des prisonniers de guerre dans la Grèce antique, 2nd edn. Paris.
Ducrey, P. (2000) ‘Les aspects économiques de l’usage de mercenaires dans la guerre en Grèce ancienne: avantages et inconvénients du recours à une main-d’oeuvre militaire rémuneréee’, in Andreau, et al. (2000) 197–209.
Dyson, S. L. (1992) Community and Society in Roman Italy. Baltimore.
Eadie, J. and Ober, J. (eds.) (1985) The Craft of the Ancient Historian. Lanham, Md.
Earle, E. M. (ed.) (1971) Makers of Modern Strategy: Military Thought from Machiavelli to Hitler. Princeton.
Easterling, P. E. (1985) ‘Anachronism in Greek tragedy’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 105: 1–10.Google Scholar
Eckstein, A. M. (1984) ‘Rome, Saguntum and the Ebro treaty’, Emerita 52: 51–68.Google Scholar
Eckstein, A. M. (1985) ‘Polybius, Syracuse and the politics of accommodation’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 26: 265–82.Google Scholar
Eckstein, A. M. (1987) Senate and General: Individual Decision Making and Roman Foreign Relations, 264–194 bc. Berkeley and London.
Eckstein, A. M. (1995) ‘Glabrio and the Aetolians: a note on deditio’, Transactions of the American Philological Association 125: 271–89.Google Scholar
Eckstein, A. M. (1997) ‘Physis and nomos: Polybius, the Romans and Cato the Elder’, in Cartledge, et al. (1997) 175–98.
Eckstein, A. M. (2000) ‘Review article: brigands, emperors and anarchy’, International History Review 22: 862–79.Google Scholar
Eckstein, A. M. (2006) Mediterranean Anarchy, Interstate War and the Rise of Rome (Berkeley and Los Angeles)
Eddy, S. K. (1968) ‘Athens’ peacetime navy in the age of Perikles’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 9: 141–56.Google Scholar
Eder, W. (ed.) (1990) Staat und Staatlichkeit in der frühen römischen Republik. Stuttgart.
Edmonds, J. M. (1957) The Fragments of Attic Comedy after Meineke, Bergk, and Kock. Leiden.
Ehrenberg, V. (1960) The Greek State. Oxford.
Ehrenreich, B. (1997) Blood Rites: Origins and History of the Passions of War. New York.
Ehrhardt, C. (1995) ‘Speeches before battle’, Historia 44: 120–1.Google Scholar
Eichberg, M. (1987) Scutum: die Entwicklung einer italisch-etruskischen Schildform von den Anfängen bis zur Zeit Caesars. Frankfurt.
Ellis, J. R. (1976) Philip II and Macedonian Military Imperialism. London.
Ellis, J. R. (1977) ‘The dynamics of fourth-century Macedonian imperialism’, Ancient Macedonia II (Thessaloniki) 103–14.Google Scholar
Elton, H. W. (1996a) Frontiers of the Roman Empire. London.
Elton, H. W. (1996b) Warfare in Roman Europe, AD 350–425. Oxford.
Elwyn, S. (1988) ‘Isopolity and inter-state kinship’, AAPhA 112.Google Scholar
Engels, D. W. (1978) Alexander the Great and the Logistics of the Macedonian Army. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Engels, D. W. (1986) ‘Alexander’s intelligence system’, Classical Quarterly 30: 327–40.Google Scholar
Erdkamp, P. (1992) ‘Polybius, Livy and the Fabian strategy’, AncSoc 223: 127–47.Google Scholar
Erdkamp, P. (1995) ‘The corn supply of the Roman armies during the third and second centuries BC’, Historia 44: 168–91.Google Scholar
Erdkamp, P. (1998) Hunger and the Sword: Warfare and Food Supply in Roman Republican Wars, 264–30 BC. Amsterdam.
Errington, R. M. (1971) The Dawn of Empire: Rome’s Rise to World Power. London.
Errington, R. M. (1990) A History of Macedonia. Berkeley.
Erskine, A. (2001) Troy between Greece and Rome: Local Tradition and Imperial Power. Oxford.
Erskine, A. (ed.) (2003) A Companion to the Hellenistic World. Oxford.
Fehling, D. (1979) ‘Zwei Lehrstücke über Pseudo-Nachrichten’, Rheinisches Museum 122: 199–210.Google Scholar
Fentriss, M. (1979) Numidia and the Roman Army. Oxford.
Ferguson, R. B. (1984a) ‘Introduction: studying war’, in Ferguson (1984b) 1–81.Google Scholar
Ferguson, R. B. (ed.) (1984b) Warfare, Culture and Environment. Orlando, Fla.
Ferguson, R. B. (1999) ‘A paradigm for the study of war and society’, in Raaflaub, and Rosenstein, (1999) 389–437.
Ferguson, W. S. (1932) The Treasurers of Athena. Cambridge, Mass.
Ferrill, A. (1985) The Origins of War from the Stone Age to Alexander the Great. London and New York.
Ferrill, A. (1986) The Fall of the Roman Empire: The Military Explanation. London.
Feugère, M. (1993) Les armées des Romains, de la République à l’antiquité tardive. Paris.
Feyel, M. (1942) Polybe et l’histoire de Béotie au IIIe siècle avant notre ère. Paris.
Figueira, T. (1991) Athens and Aegina in the Age of Imperial Colonization. Baltimore.
Fink, R. (1971) Roman Military Records on Papyrus. Cleveland.
Finley, M. I. (1981) Economy and Society in Ancient Greece. London and New York.
Finley, M. I. (1983) Politics in the Ancient World. Cambridge.
Finley, M. I. (1985) Ancient History: Evidence and Models. London.
Finley, M. I. (1986) The Use and Abuse of History. London.
Finley, M. I. (1999) The Ancient Economy, 3rd edn. Berkeley.
Fiorato, V., Boylston, A. and Knüsel, C. (eds.) (2000) Blood Red Roses: The Archaeology of a Mass Grave from the Battle of Towton, AD 1461. Oxford.
Fisher, N. (1992) Hybris: A Study in the Values of Guilt and Shame in Ancient Greece. Warminster.
Fisher, N. (1998) ‘Gymnasia and the democratic values of leisure’, in Cartledge, et al. (1998) 84–104.
Fisher, N. (1999) ‘“Workshops of villains”: was there much organised crime in classical Athens?’, in Hopwood, (1999) 53–96.
Fisher, N. (2000) ‘Hybris, revenge and stasis in the Greek city-states’, in Wees, (2000b) 83–123.
Fisher, N. and Wees, H. (eds.) (1998) Archaic Greece: New Approaches and New Evidence. London.
Flensted-Jensen, P., Nielsen, T. H. and Rubinstein, L. (eds.) (2000) Polis and Politics: Studies in Ancient Greek History. Copenhagen.
Foard, G. (1995) Naseby: The Decisive Campaign. Whitstable.
Ford, M. (2001) The Ten Thousand. New York.
Fornara, C. W. (1971) The Athenian Board of Generals from 501–404 BC (Historia Einzelschriften 16). Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Fornara, C. W. (1979) ‘On the chronology of the Samian War’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 99: 7–19.Google Scholar
Forrest, W. G. (1957) ‘Colonisation and the rise of Delphi’, Historia 6: 160–75.Google Scholar
Forrest, W. G. (1966) The Emergence of Greek Democracy. London.
Forrest, W. G. (2000) ‘The pre-polis polis’, in Brock, and Hodkinson, (2000) 280–92.
Foss, C. (1977) ‘The battle of the Granicus: a new look’, in Ancient Macedonia II (Thessaloniki) 495–502Google Scholar
Foulon, E. (1995) ‘MI∑ØФОPОI et ≡ENОI hellénistiques’, Revue des études grecques 108: 211–18.Google Scholar
Foulon, E. (1996a) ‘La garde à pied, corps d’élite de la phalange hellénistique’, Bulletin de l’Association Guillaume Budé 1: 17–31.Google Scholar
Foulon, E. (1996b) ‘Hypaspistes, peltastes, chrysaspides, argyraspides, chalcaspides’, REA 98: 53–63.Google Scholar
Foxhall, L. (1997) ‘A view from the top: evaluating the Solonian property classes’, in Mitchell, and Rhodes, (1997) 113–36.
Foxhall, L. and Forbes, H. A. (1982)‘∑lτоμ∊τρ∊íα: the role of grain as a staple food in classical antiquity’, Chiron 12: 41–90.Google Scholar
Foxhall, L. and Salmon, J. (eds.) (1998) When Men Were Men: Masculinity, Power and Identity in Classical Antiquity. London and New York.
France, J. (forthcoming) ‘Siege conventions in Western Europe and the Latin East’, in Souza, and France, (forthcoming).
Frank, T. (1914) Roman Imperialism. New York.
Fraser, A. D. (1942) ‘The myth of the phalanx-scrimmage’, Classical World 36: 15–16.Google Scholar
Fraser, P. M. (1972) Ptolemaic Alexandria (3 vols.). Oxford.
Fraser, P. M. and Rönne, T. (1957) Boeotian and West Greek Tombstones (Acta Instituti Atheniensis Regni Sueciae 6). Lund.Google Scholar
Frederiksen, M. W. (1968) ‘Campanian cavalry: a question of origins’, Dialoghi di archeologia 2: 3–31.Google Scholar
Freeman, P. and Kennedy, D. (eds.) (1986) The Defence of the Roman and Byzantine East (BAR Int. Ser. 297). Oxford.
French, A. (1993) ‘A note on the size of the Athenian armed forces in 431 BC’, Ancient History Bulletin 7: 43–8.Google Scholar
Frézouls, E. (1983) ‘Sur l’historiographie de l’impérialisme romain’, Ktema 8: 141–62.Google Scholar
Fried, M. H. (1967) The Evolution of Political Society. New York.
Frier, B. (1975) ‘Licinius Macer and the consules suffecti of 444 BC’, Transactions of the American Philological Association 105: 79–97.Google Scholar
Fröhlich, P. (1999) ‘Les magistrates de la guerre’, in Prost, (1999a) 108–36.
Frost, F. J. (1980) Plutarch’s Themistocles: A Historical Commentary. Princeton.
Frost, F. J. (1984) ‘The Athenian military before Cleisthenes’, Historia 33: 283–94.Google Scholar
Fuks, A. (1984a) ‘Patterns and types of social-economic revolution in Greece from the fourth to the second century BC’, in Fuks, (1984b) 9–39.
Fuks, A. (ed.) (1984b) Social Conflict in Ancient Greece. Jerusalem.
Fuller, J. F. C. (1954) A Military History of the Western World. New York.
Fuller, J. F. C. (1960) The Generalship of Alexander the Great. New Brunswick, N.J. (= 1958)
Gabba, E. (ed.) (1974) Polybe: neuf exposés suivis de discussions (Entretiens Hardt 20). Geneva.Google Scholar
Gabba, E. (ed.) (1976) Republican Rome: The Army and the Allies. Oxford.
Gabba, E. (ed.) (1984) ‘Il consenso popolare alla politica espansionistica romana fra III e II sec. A.C.’, in Harris, (1984b) 115–29.
Gabbert, J. J. (1983) ‘The grand strategy of Antigonus II Gonatas and the Chremonidean Wars’, Ancient World 8: 129–36.Google Scholar
Gabbert, J. J. (1997) Antigonus II Gonatas: A Political Biography. London and New York.
Gabriel, R. A. and Boose, D. (1994) The Great Battles of Antiquity: A Strategic and Tactical Guide to Great Battles that Shaped the Development of War. Westport, Conn.
Gabriel, R. A. and Metz, K. S. (1991) From Sumer to Rome: The Military Capabilities of Ancient Armies. New York.
Gabriel, R. A. and Metz, K. S. (1992) A History of Military Medicine. Vol. I: From Ancient Times to the Middle Ages. New York.
Gabrielsen, V. (1993) ‘Rhodes and Rome after the Third Macedonian War’, in Bilde, (1993) 132–61.
Gabrielsen, V. (1994) Financing the Athenian Fleet: Public Taxation and Social Relations. Baltimore.
Gabrielsen, V. (1997) The Naval Aristocracy of Hellenistic Rhodes. Aarhus.
Gabrielsen, V. (2001a) ‘Economic activity, maritime trade and piracy in the Hellenistic Aegean’, REA 103: 219–40.Google Scholar
Gabrielsen, V. (2001b) ‘Naval warfare: its economic and social impact on ancient Greek cities’, in Bekker-Nielsen, and Hannestad, (2001) 72–89.
Gabrielsen, V. (2002a) ‘The impact of armed forces on government and politics in archaic and classical Greek poleis: a response to Hans van Wees’, in Chaniotis, and Ducrey, (2002) 83–98.
Gabrielsen, V. (2002b) ‘Socio-economic classes and ancient Greek warfare’, in Ascani, et al. (2002) 203–20.
Gaebel, R. E. (2002) Cavalry Operations in the Ancient Greek World. Norman, Okla.
Gallant, T. (1991) Risk and Survival in Ancient Greece. Stanford.
Gallie, W. B. (1991) Understanding War. London.
Gardiner, R. (ed.) (1995) The Age of the Galley. Annapolis, Md.
Gareau, E. (ed.) (1972) Valeurs antiques et temps modernes. Ottowa.
Garlan, Y. (1972) ‘Les esclaves grecs en temps de guerre’, in Actes du Colloque d’Histoire Sociale (1970) (Annales littéraires de l’Université de Besançon) (Paris) 29–62.Google Scholar
Garlan, Y. (1973) ‘Cités, armées et stratégie a l’époque hellénistique d’après l’oeuvre de Philon de Byzance’, Historia 22: 6–33.Google Scholar
Garlan, Y. (1974) Recherches de poliorcétique grecque. Paris.
Garlan, Y. (1975) War in the Ancient World: A Social History. London and New York.
Garlan, Y. (1977) ‘Le partage entre alliés des dépenses et des profits de guerre’, in Chastagnol, et al. (1977) 149–64.
Garlan, Y. (1984) ‘War and siegecraft’, Cambridge Ancient History VII. 1, 353–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garlan, Y. (1988) Slavery in Ancient Greece. Ithaca.
Garlan, Y. (1989) Guerre et économie en Grèce ancienne. Paris.
Garlan, Y. (1994) ‘Warfare’, Cambridge Ancient History VI, 678–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garland, R. (1987) The Piraeus: From the Fifth to the First Century BC. Ithaca.
Garnsey, P. D. A. (1994) ‘L’approvisionnement des armées et la ville de Rome’, in Le ravitaillement en blé de Rome et des centres urbains des débuts de la république jusqu’au haut empire (Naples) 31–4.Google Scholar
Garnsey, P. D. A., Gallant, T. and Rathbone, D. W. (1984) ‘Thessaly and the grain supply of Rome during the second century BC’, Journal of Roman Studies 74: 30–44.Google Scholar
Garnsey, P. D. A., Hopkins, K. and Whittaker, C. R. (eds.) (1983) Trade in the Ancient Economy. London.
Garnsey, P. D. A. and Rathbone, D. W. (1985) ‘The background to the grain law of Gaius Gracchus’, Journal of Roman Studies 75: 20–5.Google Scholar
Garoufalias, P. (1979) Pyrrhus, King of Epirus. London.
Garst, W. D. (2000) ‘Thucydides and the domestic sources of international politics’, in Gustafson, (2000) 67–97.
Gauthier, P. and Hatzopoulos, M. B. (1993) La loi gymnasiarchique de Beroia. Athens.
Gauthier, P. (1999) ‘Symbola athéniens et tribunaux étrangers a l’époque hellénistique’, BCH 123: 157–74.Google Scholar
Gawantka, W. (1975) Isopoliteia: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der zwischenstaatlichen Beziehungen in der griechischen Antike. Munich.
Gehrke, H.-J. (1982) ‘Der siegreiche König’, Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 64: 247–77.Google Scholar
Gehrke, H.-J. (1985) Stasis: Untersuchungen zu den inneren Kriegen in den griechischen Staaten des 5. und 4. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. Munich.
Gellner, E. (1983) Nations and Nationalism. Cambridge.
Genzmer, J. (1956) Der ‘Amphitruo’ des Plautus und sein griechische Original. Kiel.
Ghirshman, R. (1962) Iran, Parthians and Sassanians. London.
Gibbon, E. (1896–1900) The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (7 vols.), ed. Bury, J.. London.
Gill, C., Postlethwaite, N. and Seaford, R. (eds.) (1998) Reciprocity in Ancient Greece. Oxford.
Gillis, C., Risberg, C. and Sjöberg, B. (eds.) (1997) Trade and Production in Premonetary Greece. Göteborg.
Gilliver, C. M. (1996) ‘The Roman army and morality in war’, in Lloyd, (1996) 219–38.
Golden, M. (1998) Sport and Society in Ancient Greece. Cambridge.
Goldsworthy, A. K. (1996) The Roman Army at War, 100 BC–AD 200. Oxford.
Goldsworthy, A. K. (1997) ‘The othismos, myths and heresies: the nature of hoplite battle’, War and History 4: 1–26.Google Scholar
Goldsworthy, A. K. (1998) ‘“Instinctive genius”: the depiction of Caesar the general’, in Welch, and Powell, (1998) 193–219.
Goldsworthy, A. K. (2000a) The Punic Wars. London.
Goldsworthy, A. K. (2000b) Roman Warfare. London.
Gomme, A. W., Andrewes, A. and Dover, K. J. (1945–81) A Historical Commentary on Thucydides, Vol. I (1945). Vol. II (1956). Vol. III (1956). Vol. IV (1970). Vol. V (1981). Oxford.
Goodburn, R. and Bartholomew, P. (eds.) (1976) Aspects of the Notitia Dignitatum: Papers Presented to the Conference in Oxford, December 13–15, 1974 (BAR Suppl. Ser. 15). Oxford.
Goodwin, W. W. (1880) ‘ΔIKAI AπO σYMBOλωN and ΔIKAI σYMBOλAIA’, AJP 1: 4–16.Google Scholar
Goudineau, C. (ed.) (1994) Vercingétorix et Alésie. Paris.
Graham, A. J. (1964) Colony and Mother-City in Ancient Greece. Manchester.
Graham, A. J. (1982) ‘The colonial expansion of Greece’, Cambridge Ancient History III2.3, 83–162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, A. J. (1983) Colony and Mother-City in Ancient Greece, 2nd edn. Chicago.
Graham, A. J. (1992) ‘Thucydides 7.13.2 and the crews of Athenian triremes’, Transactions of the American Philological Association 122: 257–70.Google Scholar
Graham, A. J. (1998) ‘Thucydides 7.13.2 and the crews of Athenian triremes: an addendum’, Transactions of the American Philological Association 128: 89–114.Google Scholar
Graham, A. J. (2001) Collected Papers on Greek Colonization. Leiden.
Grainger, J. (1990) Seleukos Nikator: Constructing a Hellenistic Kingdom. London and New York.
Greatrex, G. (1998) Rome and Persia at War, 502–532 BC. Leeds.
Green, P. (1974) Armada From Athens. Garden City, N. Y.
Green, P. (1996) The Greco-Persian Wars. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Greenhalgh, P. A. L. (1973) Early Greek Warfare: Horsemen and Chariots in the Homeric and Archaic Ages. Cambridge.
Griffin, J. (1980) Homer. Oxford.
Griffith, G. T. (1935) The Mercenaries of the Hellenistic World. Cambridge.
Griffith, G. T. (1968) The Mercenaries of the Hellenistic World. Groningen (reprint of 1935 edn).
Griffith, J. G. (1977) ‘A note on the first eisphora at Athens’, American Journal of Ancient History 2: 3–7.Google Scholar
Griffith, P. (1990) Forward into Battle, 2nd edn. Swindon.
Griffith, S. G. (tr.) (1963) Sun Tzu: The Art of War. Oxford.
Gröschel, S.-G. (1989) Waffenbesitz und Waffeneinsatz bei den Griechen. Frankfurt am Main.
Grote, G. (1846–56) History of Greece (12 vols.). London.
Gruen, E. S. (1975) ‘Rome and Rhodes in the second century BC: an historiographical inquiry’, Classical Quarterly 25: 58–81.Google Scholar
Gruen, E. S. (1984) The Hellenistic World and the Coming of Rome (2 vols.). Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Gruen, E. S. (1985) ‘The coronation of the Diadochoi’, in Eadie, and Ober, (1985) 253–71.
Grundy, G. B. (1948) Thucydides and the History of his Age. Oxford.
Gustafson, L. S. (ed.) (2000) Thucydides’ Theory of International Relations: A Lasting Possession. Baton Rouge.
Hachmann, R. (1990) ‘Grundestrup-Studien. Untersuchungen zu den spätkeltischen Grundlagen der frühgermanischen Kunst’, Bericht der römisch-germanischen Kommission des deutschen archäologischen Instituts 71: 565–903.Google Scholar
Hackett, J. (ed.) (1989) Warfare in the Ancient World. London.
Hägg, R. (ed.) (1996) The Role of Religion in the Early Greek Polis. Stockholm.
Hägg, R. and Marinatos, N. (eds.) (1993) Greek Sanctuaries: New Approaches. London and New York.
Hägg, R., Marinatos, N. and Nordquist, G. C. (eds.) (1988) Early Greek Cult Practice. Stockholm.
Hall, E. (1989) Inventing the Barbarian: Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy. Oxford.
Hall, J. M. (1995) ‘How Argive was the “Argive” Heraion? The political and cultic geography of the Argive plain, 900–400 BC’, American Journal of Archaeology 99: 577–613.Google Scholar
Hall, J. M. (2002) Hellenicity: Between Ethnicity and Culture. Chicago and London.
Hamel, D. (1998a) Athenian Generals: Military Authority in the Classical Period. Leiden.
Hamel, D. (1998b) ‘Coming to terms with lipotaxion’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 39: 361–405.Google Scholar
Hamilton, C. D. (1979) Sparta’s Bitter Victories: Politics and Diplomacy in the Corinthian War. Ithaca.
Hamilton, C. D. (1999) ‘The hellenistic world’, in Raaflaub, and Rosenstein, (1999) 163–91.
Hamilton, C. D. and Krentz, P. (eds.) (1997) Polis and Polemos: Essays on Politics, War and History in Ancient Greece in Honor of Donald Kagan. Claremont, Calif.
Hamilton, W. (tr.) (1967) The Symposium. Harmondsworth.
Hammond, N. G. L. (1938) ‘The two battles of Chaeronea (338 BC and 86 BC)’, Klio 31: 186–218.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1980a) ‘The battle of the Granicus River’, Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 100: 73–88.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1980b) Review of Engels (1978), Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 100: 256–7.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1980c) ‘Training in the use of a sarissa and its effect in battle, 359–333 BC’, Antichthon 14: 53–63.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1981) Alexander the Great: King, Commander and Statesman. London.
Hammond, N. G. L. (1983a) ‘Army transport in the fifth and fourth centuries’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 24: 27–31.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1983b) Three Historians of Alexander the Great. Cambridge.
Hammond, N. G. L. (1984a) ‘Alexander’s veterans after his death’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 25: 51–61.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1984b) ‘The battle of Pydna’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 104: 38–47.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1987) ‘A papyrus commentary on Alexander’s Balkan Campaign’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 28: 331–47.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1988a) ‘The campaign and battle of Cynoscephalae (197 BC)’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 108: 60–82.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1988b) ‘The royal journal of Alexander’, Historia 37: 129–50.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1989a) Alexander the Great, 2nd edn. Bristol.
Hammond, N. G. L. (1989b) ‘Casualties and reinforcements of citizen soldiers in Greece and Macedonia’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 109: 56–68.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1989c) The Macedonian State: The Origins, Institutions and History. Oxford.
Hammond, N. G. L. (1991) ‘The various guards of Philip II and Alexander III’, Historia 40: 397–418.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1992) ‘Alexander’s charge at the battle of Issus in 333 BC’, Historia 41: 395–406.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1993–7) Collected Studies I–IV. Vol. I (1993a). Vol. II (1993b). Vol. III (1994). Vol. IV (1997). Amsterdam.
Hammond, N. G. L. (1996) ‘A Macedonian shield and Macedonian measures’, Annual of the British School at Athens 91: 365–7.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L. (1997b) ‘What may Philip have learned as a hostage in Thebes?’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 38: 355–72.Google Scholar
Hammond, N. G. L., Griffith, G. T. and Walbank, F. W. (1972–88) A History of Macedonia. Vol. I: Historical Geography and Pre-History (1972). Vol. II: 550–336 bc (1979). Vol. III: 336–167 BC (1988). Oxford.
Hannestad, L. (2001) ‘War and Greek art’, in Bekker-Nielsen, and Hannestad, (2001) 110–19.
Hansen, M. H. (1991) The Athenian Democracy in the Age of Demosthenes: Structure, Principles and Ideology. Oxford.
Hansen, M. H. (1976) ‘The theoric fund and the graphe paranomon against Apollodorus’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 17: 235–46.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (1988) Three Studies in Athenian Demography. Copenhagen.
Hansen, M. H. (ed.) (1989a) The Athenian Ecclesia II: A Collection of Articles. Copenhagen.
Hansen, M. H. (1989b) ‘The Athenian “politicians”, 403–322 BC’, in Hansen, (1989a) 1–23 (orig. publ. in Hansen, (1983)).
Hansen, M. H. (1993) ‘The battle exhortation in ancient historiography: fact or fiction?’, Historia 42: 161–80.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (1995a) ‘The “autonomous city-state”: ancient fact or modern fiction?’, in Hansen, and Raaflaub, (1995) 21–43.
Hansen, M. H. (ed.) (1995b) Sources for the Ancient Greek City-State (Acts of the Copenhagen Polis Centre 2) Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (ed.) (1996) Introduction to an Inventory of Poleis (Acts of the Copenhagen Polis Centre 3). Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (1998) Polis and City-State: An Ancient Concept and its Modern Equivalent (Acts of the Copenhagen Polis Centre 5). Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (2002) ‘Was the polis a state or a stateless society?’, in Nielsen, (2002) 17–47.
Hansen, M. H. and Raaflaub, K. A. (eds.) (1995) Studies in the Ancient Greek Polis (Papers from the Copenhagen Polis Centre 2) (Historia Einzelschriften 95). Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Hanson, V. D. (1988) ‘Epameinondas, the battle of Leuktra (371 BC) and the “revolution” in Greek battle tactics’, Classical Antiquity 7: 190–207.Google Scholar
Hanson, V. D. (1989) The Western Way of War: Infantry Battle in Classical Greece. New York (repr. as Hanson, (2000b)).
Hanson, V. D. (1991a) ‘Hoplite technology in phalanx battle’, in Hanson, (1991b) 63–84.
Hanson, V. D. (ed.) (1991b) Hoplites: The Classical Greek Battle Experience. London.
Hanson,, V. D. (1995) The Other Greeks: The Family Farm and the Agrarian Roots of Western Civilization. New York.
Hanson, V. D. (1996) ‘Hoplites into democrats: the changing ideology of Athenian infantry’, in Ober, and Hedrick, (1996) 289–312.
Hanson, V. D. (1998) Warfare and Agriculture in Classical Greece, 2nd edn, Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Hanson, V. D. (1999a) ‘Hoplite obliteration: the case of the town of Thespiae’, in Carman, and Harding, (1999) 203–17.
Hanson, V. D. (1999b) The Other Greeks: The Family Farm and the Roots of Western Civilization, 2nd edn. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Hanson, V. D. (1999c) The Soul of Battle. New York.
Hanson, V. D. (1999d) ‘The status of ancient military history: traditional work, recent research and on-going controversies’, Journal of Military History 63: 379–414.Google Scholar
Hanson, V. D. (1999e) The Wars of the Ancient Greeks. London.
Hanson, V. D. (2000a) ‘Hoplite battle as ancient Greek warfare: when, where and why?’, in Wees, (2000b) 201–32.
Hanson, V. D. (2000b) The Western Way of War: Infantry Battle in Classical Greece, 2nd edn. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Hanson, V. D. (2001) Carnage and Culture: Landmark Battles in the Rise of Western Power. New York.
Harding, P. (1985) From the End of the Peloponnesian War to the Battle of Ipsus. Cambridge.
Harding, P. (1998) ‘Athenian defensive strategy in the fourth century’, Phoenix 42: 61–71.Google Scholar
Harmand, J. (1973) La guerre antique, de Sumer à Rome. Vendôme.
Harris, E. M. and Wallace, R. W. (eds.) (1996) Transitions to Empire: Essays in Greco-Roman History, 360–146 BC, in Honor, of Badian, E.. Norman, Okla.
Harris, W. V. (1979) War and Imperialism in Republican Rome, 327–70 BC. Oxford.
Harris, W. V. (1984a) ‘Current directions in the study of imperialism’, in Harris, (1984b) 13–58.
Harris, W. V. (ed.) (1984b) The Imperialism of Mid-Republican Rome (Papers and Monographs of the American Academy in Rome 29). Rome.Google Scholar
Harris, W. V. (1984c) ‘The Italians and the empire’, in Harris, (1984b) 89–113.
Harris, W. V. (1990) ‘Roman warfare in the economic and social context of the fourth century BC’, in Eder, (1990) 494–510.
Hartmann, A. V. and Heuser, B. (eds.) (2001) War, Peace and World Orders in European History. London and New York.
Harvey, D. (1985) ‘Women in Thucydides’, Arethusa 18: 67–87.Google Scholar
Hatzopoulos, M. B. (1996) Macedonian Institutions Under the Kings (Meletemata 22). Athens.Google Scholar
Hatzopoulos, M. B. (2001) L’organisation de l’armée Macédonienne sous les Antigonides. Athens.
Hausmann, U. (1983) ‘Zur Eroten- und Gallier- Ikonographie in der Alexandrinis-chen Kunst’, in Alessandria e il mondo Ellenistico-Romano. Studi in onore di Achille Adriani, II (Studi i Materiali 5). (Palermo) 283–95.Google Scholar
Havelock, E. (1972) ‘War as a way of life in classical culture’, in Gareau, (1972) 15–78.
Head, B. V. (1911) Historia Nummorum: A Manual of Greek Numismatics, 2nd edn. Oxford.
Head, D. (1982) Armies of the Macedonian and Punic Wars. Worthing.
Heckel, W. (1992) The Marshals of Alexander’s Empire. London.
Heinen, H. (1984) ‘The Syrian-Egyptian wars and the new kingdoms of Asia Minor’, Cambridge Ancient History VII. g1, 412–45.Google Scholar
Heinimann, F. (1945) Nomos und Physis: Herkunft und Bedeutung einer Antithese im griechischen Denken des 5. Jahrhunderts. Basel.
Held, D. (1995) Democracy and the Global Order. Cambridge.
Hellmann, O. (2000) Die Schlachtszenen der Ilias. Das Bild des Dichters vom Kampf in der Heroenzeit. Stuttgart.
Herman, E. (1989) ‘L’impérialisme Romain republicain: approches historiographiques et approches d’analyse’, Athenaeum 67: 407–16.Google Scholar
Herman, G. (1980) ‘The “friends” of the early Hellenistic rulers: servants or officials?’, Talanta 12: 103–49.Google Scholar
Herman, G. (1987) Ritualised Friendship and the Greek City. Cambridge.
Herman, G. (1997) ‘The court society in the Hellenistic age’, in , Cartledge et al. (1997) 199–224.
Hermon, E. (1983) ‘Concept de pouvoir et concept d’empire à l’époque républicaine à Rome: pour une analyse linguistique et historique’, Ktema 8: 177–84.Google Scholar
Herrman, P. (1965) ‘Antiochos der Grosse und Teos’, Anadolu 9: 29–159.Google Scholar
Herzfeld, M. (1987) Anthropology through the Looking-Glass: Critical Ethnography on the Margins of Europe. Cambridge.
Hignett, C. (1963) Xerxes’ Invasion of Greece. Oxford.
Hoare, M. (1989) The Road to Kalamata: A Congo Mercenary’s Personal Memoir. Lexington, Mass.
Hodge, A. T. (1975) ‘Marathon to Phalerum’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 95: 169–71.Google Scholar
Hodkinson, S. (1997) ‘The development of Spartan society and institutions in the archaic period’, in , Mitchell and , Rhodes (1997) 83–102.
Hodkinson, S. (2000) Property and Wealth in Classical Sparta. London and Swansea.
Hodkinson, S. and Powell, A. (eds.) (2002) Sparta: Beyond of the Mirage. London and Swansea.
Hoffmann, D. (1969–70) Das spätrömischen Bewegungsheer und die Notitia Dignitatum (2 vols.). Düsseldorf.
Holder, A. (1982) The Roman Army in Britain. London.
Hölkeskamp, K.-J. (1993) ‘Conquest, competition and consensus: Roman expansion in Italy and the rise of the nobilitas’, Historia 42: 12–39.Google Scholar
Hölkeskamp, K.-J. (1997) ‘La guerra e la pace’, in , Settis (1997) 481–539.
Holladay, A. J. (1982) ‘Hoplites and heresies’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 102: 94–103.Google Scholar
Holladay, A. J. (1988) ‘Further thoughts on trireme tactics’, Greece and Rome 35: 149–51.Google Scholar
Holleaux, M. (1935) Rome, la Grèce et les monarchies hellénistiques au Ille siècle avant J.-C. (273–205 BC). Paris.
Holleaux, M. (1938) ‘Sur un passage mal interprété de Polybe (28.7, 8–10)’, in Études d’épigraphie et d’histoire grecques I (Paris) 441–3.Google Scholar
Holoka, J. P. (1997) ‘Marathon and the myth of the same-day march’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 38: 329–53.Google Scholar
Hopkins, K. (1978) Conquerors and Slaves. Cambridge.
Hopkins, K. (2002) ‘Rome, taxes, rents and trade’, in , Scheidel and , von Reden (2002) 190–230.
Hopwood, K. (ed.) (1999) Organised Crime in Antiquity. London.
Horden, P. and Purcell, N. (2000) The Corrupting Sea: A Study of Mediterranean History. Oxford.
Hornblower, J. (1981) Hieronymus of Cardia. Oxford.
Hornblower, S. (1987) Thucydides. London.
Hornblower, S. (1991–6) A Commentary on Thucydides. Vol. I (1991); Vol. II (1996). Oxford.
Hornblower, S. (1992) ‘The religious dimension to the Peloponnesian War, or, what Thucydides does not tell us’, Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 94: 179–97.Google Scholar
Hornblower, S. (ed.) (1994) Greek Historiography. Oxford.
Hornblower, S. (1995) ‘The fourth-century and hellenistic reception of Thucydides’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 115: 47–68.Google Scholar
Hornblower, S. (2000) ‘Sticks, stones and Spartans: the sociology of Spartan violence’, in van Wees, (2000b) 57–82.
Hornblower, S. (2002) The Greek World, 479–323 BC. London.
Hornblower, S. (2004) Thucydides and Pindar: Historical Narrative and the World of Epinikian Poetry. Oxford.
Hornblower, S. and Greenstock, M. C. (eds.) (1986) The Athenian Empire (LACTOR I), 3rd edn. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Houghton, A., Hurter, S., Mottahedeh, P. E. and Scott, A. (1984) Festschrift für Leo Mildenberg: Numismatik, Kunstgeschichte, Archäologie. Wettern.
Howard, M. (1976) War in European History. Oxford.
Howard, M., Andreopoulos, G. J. and Shulman, M. R. (eds.) (1994) The Laws of War: Constraints on Warfare in the Western World. New Haven.
Hoyos, B. D. (1998) Unplanned Wars: The Origins of the First and Second Punic Wars. Berlin.
Huizinga, J. (1950) Homo Ludens. Boston.
Humble, R. (1980) Warfare in the Ancient World. London.
Humphrey, J. (1999) Rome and the Byzantine Near East II. Portsmouth, R.I.
Hunt, P. (1997) ‘The helots at the battle of Plataea’, Historia 46: 129–44.Google Scholar
Hunt, P. (1998) Slaves, Warfare and Ideology in the Greek Historians. Cambridge.
Hunter, V. (1994) Policing Athens: Social Control in the Attic Lawsuits, 420–320 BC. Princeton.
Hurst, H. (1976) ‘Excavations at Carthage’, AntJ 56: 177–97.Google Scholar
Hurst, H. (1977) ‘Excavations at Carthage’, AntJ 57: 232–61.Google Scholar
Hurwitt, J. W. (2002) ‘Reading the Chigi Vase’, Hesperia 71: 1–22.Google Scholar
Hutchinson, G. (2000) Xenophon and the Art of Command. London.
Hutchinson, G. O. (1985) Aeschylus Septem contra Thebas. Oxford.
Hyland, A. (1990) Equus: The Horse in the Roman World. London.
Hyland, A. (1993) Training the Roman Cavalry: From Arrian’s Ars Tactica. Gloucester.
Hyland, A. (2003) The Horse in the Ancient World. Stroud.
Ilari, V. (1980) Guerra e diritto nel mondo antico. Vol. I: Guerra e diritto nel mondo greco-ellenistico fino al Ill secolo. Milan.Google Scholar
Illinois, Greek Club (eds.) (1923) Aeneas Tacticus, Asclepiodotus and Onasander. Cambridge, Mass.
Irwin, T. (tr.) (1985) Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics. Indianapolis.
Isaac, B. (1990) The Limits of Empire: The Roman Army in the East. Oxford.
Jackson, A. H. (1969) ‘The original purpose of the Delian League’, Historia 18: 12–16.Google Scholar
Jackson, A. H. (1991) ‘Hoplites and the gods: the dedication of captured arms and armour’, in Hanson, (1991b) 228–59.
Jacob, O. (1932) ‘La cité grecque et les blessés de guerre’, in Mélanges Gustave Glotz, II (Paris) 961–81.Google Scholar
Jacquemin, A. (2000) Guerre et religion dans le monde grec (490–322 av. J.-C.). Paris.
Jameson, M. H. (1991) ‘Sacrifice before battle’, in Hanson, (1991b) 197–227.
Jarva, E. (1995) Archaiologia on Archaic Greek Body Armour (Archaeologica Septentrionalia 3). Rovaniemi.Google Scholar
Jeffery, L. H. (1976) Archaic Greece: The City-States, c. 700–500 BC. London.
Jones, A. (1989) The Art of War in the Western World. New York. (= 1988)
Jones, C. P. (1999) Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World. Cambridge, Mass.
Jongman, W. and Kleijwegt, M. (eds.) (2002) After the Past: Essays in Ancient History in Honour of H. W. Pleket. Leiden.
Jordan, B. (1975) The Athenian Navy in the Classical Period. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Jordan, B. (2000) ‘The crews of Athenian triremes’, L’Antiquité classique 69: 81–101.Google Scholar
Junkelmann, M. (1994) Die Legionen des Augustus: der römische Soldat im archäologischen Experiment, 6th edn. Mainz am Rhein.
Junkelmann, M. (1997) Panis Militaris: die Ernährung des römischen Soldaten oder der Grundstoff der Macht. Mainz am Rhein.
Kagan, D. (1969) A New History of the Peloponnesian War: The Outbreak of the Peloponnesian War. Ithaca.
Kagan, D. (1974) A New History of the Peloponnesian War: The Archidamian War. Ithaca.
Kagan, D. (1981) A New History of the Peloponnesian War: The Peace of Nicias and the Sicilian Expedition. Ithaca.
Kagan, D. (1987) A New History of the Peloponnesian War: The Fall of the Athenian Empire. Ithaca.
Kagan, D. (1995) On the Origins of War and the Preservation of Peace. New York.
Kähler, H. (1965) Der Fries vom Reiterdenkmal des Aemilius Paullus in Delphi. Berlin.
Kallet, L. (1983) ‘Iphikrates, Timotheos and Athens, 371–360 BC’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 24: 239–52.Google Scholar
Kallet-Marx, L. (1989) ‘The Kallias decree, Thucydides and the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War’, Classical Quarterly 39: 94–113.Google Scholar
Kallet-Marx, L. (1993) Money, Expense and Naval Power in Thucydides’ History 1–5.24. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Kallet-Marx, L. (1994) ‘Money talks: rhetor, demos and the resources of the Athenian empire’, in Osborne, and Hornblower, (1994) 227–51.
Karavites, P. (1982) Capitulations and Greek Interstate Relations: The Reflection of Humanistic Ideals in Political Events (Hypomnemata 71). Göttingen.Google Scholar
Karlsson, L. (1993) ‘Did the Romans allow the Sicilian Greeks to fortify their cities in the third century BC?’, Acta Hyperborea 5: 31–51.Google Scholar
Kaul, F. (1995) ‘The Gundestrup cauldron reconsidered’, Acta Archaeologica 66: 1–38.Google Scholar
Kearns, E. (1990) ‘Saving the city’, in Murray, and Price, (1990) 323–44.
Keegan, J. (1976) The Face of Battle. London and New York. (= 1978)
Keegan, J. (1993) A History of Warfare. New York.
Keegan, J. (ed.) (1997–) Cassel’s History of Warfare. London.
Keil, B. (1902) Anonymus Argentinensis: Fragmente zur Geschichte des perikleischen Athens aus einem Strasburger Papyrus. Strasburg.
Kelly, T. (1966) ‘The Calaurian amphictiony’, American Journal of Archaeology 70: 113–21.Google Scholar
Kelly, T. (1970) ‘The traditional enmity between Sparta and Argos’, American Historical Review 75: 971–1003.Google Scholar
Keppie, L. (1984) The Making of the Roman Army: From Republic to Empire. London.
Kern, P. B. (1999) Ancient Siege Warfare. Bloomington, Ind.
Kertész, I. (1980). ‘Die Schlacht bei Cannae und ihr Einfluss auf die Entwicklung der Kriegskunst’, in Miscellen zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte (Wissenschaftliche Beiträge der Martin-Luther Universität). Halle-Wittenberg, 29–43.Google Scholar
Kiehr, F. (ed.) (1907) Lesbonax. Leipzig.
Klaasen, W. (1978) ‘The doctrine of the “Just War” in the West: a summary’, Peace Research Reviews 7: 1–70.Google Scholar
Kleiner, G., Hommel, P. and Müller-Wiener, W. (1967) Panionion und Melie. Berlin.
Klose, P. (1972) Die Völkerrechtliche Ordnung der Hellenistischen Staatenwelt in der Zeit von 280 bis 168 v. Chr. Munich.
Knoepfler, D. (2000) ‘La loi de Diatôndas, les femmes de Thèbes et le collège des Béotarques au IVe et au IIIe siècle avant J. C.’, in Prezenza e funzione della città di Tebe nella cultura greca. Pisa and Rome. 355–66.Google Scholar
Köchly, H. A. T. and Rüstow, W. (1852) Geschichte des griechischen Kriegswesens von der ältesten Zeit bis auf Pyrrhos. Aurau.
Köchly, H. A. T. and Rüstow, W. (eds.) (1853–5) Die Grieschische Kriegsschriftsteller (2 vols.). Leipzig.
Kolonas, L. (1989/90) ‘Anaskafi Oiniadon: ta neoria’, Archaiognosia 6: 153–9.Google Scholar
Konecny, A. (2001) ‘Kατέκoξ∊ν τǹν μóραν ’lϕiκρΆτης. Das gefecht bei Lechaion im Frühsommer 390 v. Chr.’, Chiron 31: 79–127.Google Scholar
Konstan, D. (1997) Friendship in the Classical World. Cambridge.
Kraemer, C. J. (1958) Excavations at Nessana Conducted by H. D. Colt, Jr. Vol. III: The Non-Literary Papyri. Princeton.Google Scholar
Krasilnikoff, J. A. (1992) ‘Aegean mercenaries in the fourth to second centuries BC: a study in payment, plunder and logistics of ancient Greek armies’, Classica et Mediaevalia 43: 23–36.Google Scholar
Krasilnikoff, J. A. (1996) ‘Mercenary soldiering in the west and the development of the army of Rome’, Analecta Romana Instituti Danici 13: 7–20.Google Scholar
Kremmer, M. (1890) ‘De catalogis heurematum’ (Leipzig diss).
Krentz, P. (1985a) ‘Casualties in hoplite battles’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 26: 13–21.Google Scholar
Krentz, P. (1985b) ‘The nature of hoplite battle’, Classical Antiquity 4: 50–61.Google Scholar
Krentz, P. (1991) ‘The salpinx in Greek warfare’, in Hanson, (1991b) 110–20.
Krentz, P. (1994) ‘Continuing the othismos on othismos’, Ancient History Bulletin 8: 45–9.Google Scholar
Krentz, P. (1997) ‘The strategic culture of Periclean Athens’, in Hamilton, and Krentz, (1997) 55–72.
Krentz, P. (2000) ‘Deception in archaic and classical Greek warfare’, in van Wees, (2000b) 167–200.
Krentz, P. (2002) ‘Fighting by the rules: the invention of the hoplite agôn’, Hesperia 71: 23–39.Google Scholar
Krentz, P. and Wheeler, E. L. (trs. and eds.) (1994) Polyaenus, Stratagems of War (2 vols.). Chicago.
Krischer, T. (1988) ‘Dynamische aspekte der griechischen kultur’, Wiener Studien 101: 7–40.Google Scholar
Kroll, J. H. (1977) ‘An archive of the Athenian cavalry’, Hesperia 46: 83–140.Google Scholar
Kromayer, J. and Veith, G. (1903–31) Antike Schlachtfelder in Griechenland (4 vols.). Berlin.
Kromayer, J. and Veith, G. (1928) Heerwesen und Kriegsführung der Griecher und Römer (Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft IV.3.2). Munich.Google Scholar
Kuhrt, A. (1995) The Ancient Near East, c. 3000–330 BC (2 vols.). London.
Kurke, L. (1992) ‘The politics of habrosynê in archaic Greece’, Classical Antiquity 11: 90–121.Google Scholar
Kurke, L. (1999) Coins, Bodies, Games and Gold: The Politics of Meaning in Archaic Greece. Princeton.
Laing, D. R. Jr. (1960) ‘A new interpretation of the Athenian naval catalogue, IG II2 1951’ (University of Cincinnati diss).
Lammert, F. (1938) ‘Phalanx’, Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, ed. Wissowa, G. et al., 2nd edn (Stuttgart 1894–1963) XIX.2, 1625–46.Google Scholar
Lammert, F. (1941) Jahresbericht über die Fortschritte der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft 274: 1–114.
Lane, Fox R. J. (1973) Alexander the Great. London.
Lane, Fox R. J. (1997) ‘The itinerary of Alexander: Constantius to Julian’, Classical Quarterly 47: 239–52.Google Scholar
Lane, Fox R. J. (ed.) (2004) The Long March: Xenophon’s Anabasis, Old and New. New Haven.
Larsen, J. A. O. (1935) ‘Was Greece free between 196–146 BC?’, Classical Philology 30: 193–214.Google Scholar
Larsen, J. A. O. (1937) ‘Perioikoi’, Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, ed. Wissowa, G. et al., 2nd edn (Stuttgart 1894–1963) XIX.1, 816–33.Google Scholar
Larsen, J. A. O. (1946) ‘The Acharnians and the pay of taxiarchs’, Classical Philology 41: 91–8.Google Scholar
Larson, S. (2000) ‘Boiotia, Athens, the Peisistratids and the Odyssey’s catalogue of heroines’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 41: 193–222.Google Scholar
Latacz, J. (1977) Kampfparänese, Kampfdarstellung und Kampfwirklichkeit in der Ilias, bei Kallinos und Tyrtaios. Munich.
Launey, M. (1949–50) Recherches sur les armées hellénistiques (2 vols.). Paris.
Lauter, H. (1992) ‘Some remarks on fortified settlements in the Attic countryside’, in Maele, and Fossey, (1992) 77–91.
Lavelle, B. M. (1997) ‘Epikouros and epikouroi in early Greek literature and history’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 38: 229–62.Google Scholar
Lawrence, A. W. (1979) Greek Aims in Fortification. Oxford.
Lazenby, J. F. (1964) ‘The strategy of the Greeks in the opening campaigns of the Persian War’, Hermes 92: 264–84.Google Scholar
Lazenby, J. F. (1978) Hannibal’s War. Warminister.
Lazenby, J. F. (1985) The Spartan Army. Warminister.
Lazenby, J. F. (1987) ‘The diekplous’, Greece and Rome 34: 169–77.Google Scholar
Lazenby, J. F. (1988) Review of Morrison and Coates (1986), Journal of Hellenic Studies 108: 250.Google Scholar
Lazenby, J. F. (1991) ‘The killing zone’, in Hanson, (1991b) 87–109.
Lazenby, J. F. (1993) The Defence of Greece, 490–479 BC. Warminster.
Lazenby, J. F. (1996) The First Punic War. London.
Lazenby, J. F. and Whitehead, D. (1996) ‘The myth of the hoplite’s hoplon’, Classical Quarterly ns 46: 27–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Bohec, S. (1993) Antigon Dôsôn roi de Macédoine. Nancy.
Le Bohec, Y. (1994) The Roman Imperial Army. New York.
Le Bohec, Y. and Wolff, C. (2004) L’armée romaine de Dioclétien à Valentinien Ier. Paris.
Le Gall, J. (1980) Alésia: archéologie et histoire. Paris.
Lee, J. W. I. (2004) ‘The Lochos in Xenophon’s Anabasis’, in Tuplin, C. (ed.), Xenophon and his World. Papers from a Conference hold in Liverpool in July 1999, Historia Einzelschrift 172 (Stuttgart) 289–317.Google Scholar
Leimbach, R. (1980) ‘Review of Latacz (1977)’, Gnomon 52: 418–25.Google Scholar
Leitao, D. (2002) ‘The legend of the Sacred Band’, in Nussbaum, and Sihvola, (2002) 143–69.
Lendon, J. E. (1999) ‘The rhetoric of combat: Greek military theory and Roman culture in Julius Caesar’s battle descriptions’, Classical Antiquity 18: 273–329.Google Scholar
Lendon, J. E. (2000) ‘Homeric vengeance and the outbreak of Greek wars’, in Wees, (2000b) 1–30.
Lendon, J. E. (2005) Soldiers and Ghosts: A history of battle in classical antiquity (New Haven and London).
Lendon, J. E. (2007) ‘Athens and Sparta and the coming of the Peloponnesian War’, in Samons, (2007) 258–81.
Lepper, F. and Frere, S. (1988) Trajan’s Column. Gloucester.
Leriche, P. and Tréziny, H. (eds.) (1982) La fortification dans l’histoire du monde grec. Paris.
Lesquier, J. (1911) Les institutions militaires de l’Égypte sous les Lagides. Paris.
Lévêque, P. (1968) ‘La guerre à l’époque hellénistique’, in Vernant, (1968) 261–87.
Levine, D. S. and Nelis, D. P. (eds.) (2002) Clio and the Poets: Augustan Poetry and the Traditions of Ancient Historiography. Leiden.
Lewis, D. M. (1954) ‘Notes on Attic inscriptions’, Annual of the British School at Athens 49: 17–50.Google Scholar
Lewis, D. M. (1988) ‘The tyranny of the Pisistratidae’, Cambridge Ancient History IV2, 287–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, D. M. (1989) ‘Persian gold in Greek international relations’, REA 91: 227–34.Google Scholar
Lewis, D. M. (1990) ‘Public property in the city’, in Murray, and Price, (1990) 245–63.
Lewis, S. (1996) News and Society in the Greek Polis. London.
Liampi, K. (1998) Der makedonische Schild. Bonn.
Lieu, C. N. (1991) The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars, AD 226–363. London.
Link, S. (1994) Das griechische Kreta: Untersuchungen zu seiner staatlichen und gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung vom 6. bis zum 4. Jhdt. v. Chr. Stuttgart.
Lintott, A. W. (1982) Violence, Civil Strife and Revolution in the Classical City. London.
Lintott, A. W. (1987) ‘Democracy in the middle Republic’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte 114: 34–52.Google Scholar
Lintott, A. W. (1993) Imperium Romanum: Politics and Administration. London.
Lintott, A. W. (1994) ‘The Roman empire and its problems in the late second century’, Cambridge Ancient History IX2, 16–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lippelt, O. (1910) Die griechischen Leichtbewaffneten bis auf Alexander den Grossen. Jena.
Lipsius, J. H. (1908) Das Attische Recht und Rechtsverfahren mit Benutzung des Attischen Processes. Leipzig.
Lissarrague, F. (1989) ‘The world of the warrior’, in Bérard, et al. (1989) 39–51.
Lissarrague, F. (1990) L’Autre guerrier. Archers, peltastes, cavaliers dans l’imagerie attique. Paris and Rome.
Littauer, M. and Crouwel, J. H. (1983) ‘Chariots in late Bronze Age Greece’, Antiquity 57: 187–92.Google Scholar
Littauer, M. and Crouwel, J. H. (1996) ‘Robert Drews and the role of chariotry in Bronze Age Greece’, Oxford Journal of Archaeology 15: 297–305.Google Scholar
Lloyd, A. B. (1975–88) Herodotus Book II. Introduction (1975); Commentary 1–98 (1976); Commentary 99–182 (1988). Leiden.Google Scholar
Lloyd, A. B. (1982) ‘The inscription of Udjahorresnet, a collaborator’s testament’, Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 68: 166–80.Google Scholar
Lloyd, A. B. (ed.) (1996a) Battle in Antiquity. London.
Lloyd, A. B. (1996b) ‘Philip II and Alexander the Great: the moulding of Macedon’s army’, in Lloyd, (1996a) 169–98.
Lock, R. A. (1977) ‘The origins of the Argyraspides’, Historia 26: 373–8.Google Scholar
Lonis, R. (1969) Les usages de la guerre entre Grecs et barbares. Paris.
Lonis, R. (1979) Guerre et religion en Grèce à l’époque classique. Paris.
Lonis, R. (1980) ‘La valeur du serment dans les accords internationaux en Grèce classique’, Dialogues d’histoire ancienne 6: 267–86.Google Scholar
Lonis, R. (1985) ‘La guerre en Grèce: années de recherche, 1968–1983’, Review des études grecques 98: 321–79.Google Scholar
Loomis, W. T. (1992) The Spartan War Fund: IG V 1, 1 and a New Fragment. Stuttgart.
Loraux, N. (1985) ‘La cité, l’historien, les femmes’, Pallas 32: 7–27.Google Scholar
Loraux, N. (1986) The Invention of Athens: The Funeral Oration in the Classical City. Cambridge, Mass.
Lorimer, H. L. (1947) ‘The hoplite phalanx’, Annual of the British School at Athens 42: 76–138.Google Scholar
Losada, L. (1970) The Fifth Column in the Peloponnesian War. Leiden.
Lotze, D. (2000) Bürger und Unfreie im vorhellenistischen Griechenland. Stuttgart.
Luginbill, R. D. (1994) ‘Othismos: the importance of the mass-shove in hoplite warfare’, Phoenix 48: 51–61.Google Scholar
Lumpkin, H. (1975) ‘The weapons and armour of the Macedonian phalanx’, Journal of the Arms and Armour Society (June): 193–208, pls. lxxv–lxxx.Google Scholar
Luttwak, E. (1976) The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire. Baltimore.
Ma, J. (2000) ‘Fighting poleis of the Hellenistic world’, in van Wees, (2000b) 337–76.
Macleod, C. W. (1983) Collected Essays. Oxford.
MacMullen, R. (1963) Soldier and Civilian in the Later Roman Empire. Cambridge, Mass.
Mahaffy, J. P. and Smyly, J. G. (eds.) (1891–1905) The Flinders Petrie Papyri (3 vols.). Dublin.
Malkin, I. and Rubinsohn, Z. (eds.) (1995) Leaders and Masses in the Roman World: Studies in Honor of Zwi Yavetz. Leiden.
Mälzer, J. (1912) Verluste und Verlustlisten im griechischen Altertum bis auf die Zeit Alexanders des Groβen. Jena.
Manganaro, G. (2000) ‘Kyme e il dinasta Philetairos’, Chiron 30: 403–14.Google Scholar
Mann, C. (2002) Athlet und Polis im archaischen und frühklassischen Griechenland (Hypomnemata 138). Göttingen.Google Scholar
Mann, J. C. (1979) ‘Power, force and the frontiers of the Roman Empire’, Journal of Roman Studies 69: 175–83.Google Scholar
Mann, J. C. (1983) Legionary Recruitment and Veteran Settlement during the Principate. London.
Mann, M. (1986) The Sources of Social Power. Vol. I: A History of Power from the Beginning to a.d. 1760. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Manti, P. A. (1983) ‘The cavalry sarissa’, Ancient World 8: 73–80.Google Scholar
Manti, P. A. (1992) ‘The sarissa of the Macedonian infantry’, Ancient World 23: 30–42.Google Scholar
Manti, P. A. (1994) ‘The Macedonian sarissa again’, Ancient World 25: 79–91.Google Scholar
Manville, P. B. (1990) The Origins of Citizenship in Ancient Athens. Princeton.
Marek, C. (1984) Die Proxenie. Frankfurt.
Marinatos, S. (1970) ‘Further news from Marathon’, Archaiologika Analecta ex Athenon 3: 153–66.Google Scholar
Marinovich, L. P. (1988) Le mercenariat grec au IVe siècle avant notre ère et la crise de la polis. Paris.
Markle, M. M. (1977) ‘The Macedonian sarissa, spear and related armor’, American Journal of Archaeology 81: 323–9.Google Scholar
Markle, M. M. (1978) ‘The use of the sarissa by Philip and Alexander of Macedon’, American Journal of Archaeology 82: 483–97.Google Scholar
Markle, M. M. (1999) ‘A shield monument from Veria and the chronology of Macedonian shield types’, Hesperia 68: 219–54.Google Scholar
Marsden, E. W. (1964) The Campaign of Gaugamela. Liverpool.
Marsden, E. W. (1969) Greek and Roman Artillery: Historical Development. Oxford.
Marsden, E. W. (1971) Greek and Roman Artillery: Technical Treatises. Oxford.
Marshall, A. J. (1975) ‘Roman women and the provinces’, Ancient Society 6: 109–27.Google Scholar
Martin, A. (1887) Les cavaliers athéniens (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d’Athènes et de Rome 47). Paris.Google Scholar
Mattern, S. (1999) Rome and the Enemy: Imperial Strategy in the Principate. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Mattha, G. (ed.) (1975) The Demotic Legal Code of Hermopolis West. Cairo.
Matthews, J. F. (1989) The Roman Empire of Ammianus. London.
Maule, Q. F. and Smith, H. R. W. (1959) Votive Religion at Caere: Prolegomena. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Maxfield, V. A. (1981) The Military Decorations of the Roman Army. London.
McCall, J. B. (2002) The Cavalry of the Roman Republic: Cavalry Combat and Élite Reputations in the Middle and Late Republic. London and New York.
McCann, D. and Strauss, B. (eds.) (2001) War and Democracy. Armonk, N. Y.
McCredie, J. (1966) Fortified Military Camps in Attica. Princeton.
McDonnell, M. A. (2006) Roman Manliness: Virtus and the Roman Republic (Cambridge)
McKechnie, P. (1989) Outsiders in the Greek Cities in the Fourth Century BC. London and New York.
McKechnie, P. (1994) ‘Greek mercenary troops and their equipment’, Historia 43: 297–305.Google Scholar
McNicoll, A. (1982) ‘Developments in techniques of siegecraft and fortification in the Greek world, ca. 400–100 BC’, in Leriche, and Tréziny, (1982) 305–13.
McNicoll, A. (1997) Hellenistic Fortifications from the Aegean to the Euphrates, rev. edn (with an additional chapter by Milner, N. P.). Oxford.
Meadows, A. R. (1993) ‘Greek and Roman diplomacy on the eve of the Second Macedonian War’, Historia 42: 40–60.Google Scholar
Meadows, A. R. and Shipton, K. (eds.) (2001) Money and its Uses in the Ancient Greek World. Oxford.
Mehl, A. (1980–1) ‘Doriktetos Chora: kritische Bemerkungen zum “Speererwerb” im Politik und Völkerrecht der hellenistische Epoche’, Ancient Society 11–12: 173–212.Google Scholar
Meiggs, R. (1972) The Athenian Empire. Oxford.
Meiggs, R. (1982) Trees and Timber in the Ancient Mediterranean World. Oxford.
Mertens, N. (2002) ‘Ouk homoioi, agathoi de: the perioikoi in the classical Lakedaimonian polis’, in , Powell and , Hodkinson (2002) 285–303.
Migeotte, L. (1984) ‘L’emprunt publique dans les cités grecques. Quebec and Paris.
Migeotte, L. (1992) Les souscriptions publiques dans les cités grecques. Quebec and Geneva.
Millar, F. G. B. (1984a) ‘The Mediterranean and the Roman revolution: politics, war and the economy’, Past and Present 102: 3–24.Google Scholar
Millar, F. G. B. (1984b) ‘The political character of the classical Roman Republic, 200–151 BC’, Journal of Roman Studies 74: 1–19.Google Scholar
Millar, F. G. B. (1986) ‘Politics, persuasion and the people before the Social War, 150–190 BC’, Journal of Roman Studies 76: 1–11.Google Scholar
Millar, F. G. B. (1989) ‘Political power in mid-Republican Rome: Curia or Comitium’, Journal of Roman Studies 79: 138–50.Google Scholar
Millar, F. G. B. (1995) ‘Popular politics at Rome in the late Republic’, in , Malkin and , Rubinsohn (1995) 1–15.
Millar, F. G. B. (1998) The Crowd in Rome in the Late Republic. Ann Arbor.
Millett, P. (1993) ‘Warfare, economy and democracy in classical Athens’, in , Rich and , Shipley (1993a) 177–96.
Milner, N. P. (ed. and tr.) (1993) Vegetius, Epitome of Military Science. Liverpool.
Milns, R. D. (1966) ‘Alexander’s Macedonian cavalry and Diodorus XVII 17.4’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 88: 167–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milns, R. D. (1976) ‘The army of Alexander the Great’, in , Badian (1976) 87–136.
Mitchell, B. (1975) ‘Herodotus and Samos’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 95: 75–91.Google Scholar
Mitchell, L. G. (1997) Greeks Bearing Gifts: The Public Use of Private Relationships in the Greek World, 435–323 BC. Cambridge.
Mitchell, L. G. (1998) ‘Review of Hamel (1998a)’, Bryn Mawr Classical Review 1998.09.11.Google Scholar
Mitchell, L. G. and Rhodes, P. J. (eds.) (1997) The Development of the Polis in Archaic Greece. London.
Mitchell, S. (ed.) (1983) Armies and Frontiers in Roman and Byzantine Anatolia. Oxford.
Mixter, J. R. (1992) ‘The length of the Macedonian sarissa during the reigns of Philip II and Alexander the Great’, Ancient World 23: 21–9.Google Scholar
Momigliano, A. (1966a) ‘Some observations on causes of war in ancient historiography’, in , Momigliano (1966b) 112–25.
Momigliano, A. (1966b) Studies in Historiography. London.
Momigliano, A. (1975) Alien Wisdom: The Limits of Hellenization. Cambridge.
Momigliano, A. (1986) ‘The rise of the plebs in archaic Rome’, in , Raaflaub (1986) 175–97.
Mommsen, T. (1854–6) Römische Geschichte (3 vols.). Berlin.
Mommsen, T. (1887–8) Römisches Staatsrecht (3 vols.). Leipzig.
Montagu, J. D. (2000) Battles of the Greek and Roman Worlds. London.
Montagu, J. D. (2006) Greek and Roman Warfare (London)
Moore, J. M. (tr.) (1983) Aristotle and Xenophon on Democracy and Oligarchy (with introduction and notes). London.Google Scholar
Morgan, C. (1990) Athletes and Oracles: The Transformation of Olympia and Delphi in the Eighth Century bc. Cambridge.
Morgan, C. (2001) ‘Symbolic and pragmatic aspects of warfare in the Greek world of the eighth to sixth centuries BC’, in , Bekker-Nielsen and , Hannestad (2001) 20–44.
Morgan, C. (1996) ‘Achaian poleis and Achaian colonisation’, in , Hansen (1996) 164–232.
Morley, N. (1996) Metropolis and Hinterland: The City of Rome and the Italian Economy, 200 BC to AD 200. Cambridge.
Morris, I. (1987) Burial and Ancient Society: The Rise of the Greek City-State. Cambridge.
Morris, I. (1996) ‘The strong principle of equality and the archaic origins of Greek democracy’, in , Ober and , Hedrick (1996) 19–48.
Morris, I. and Powell, B. (eds.) (1997) A New Companion to Homer. Leiden and New York.
Morrison, J. S. (1984) ‘Hyperesia in naval contexts in the fifth and fourth centuries BC’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 104: 48–59.Google Scholar
Morrison, J. S. (1987) ‘Athenian sea-power 323/2 BC: dream and reality’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 107: 88–97.Google Scholar
Morrison, J. S. (1991) ‘The Greek ships at Salamis and the diekplous’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 111: 196–200.Google Scholar
Morrison, J. S. and Coates, J. F. (1986) The Athenian Trireme: The History and Reconstruction of an Ancient Greek Warship. Cambridge.
Morrison, J. S. and Coates, J. F. (1987) An Athenian Trireme Reconstructed: The British Sea Trials of ‘Olympias’. Oxford.
Morrison, J. S. and Coates, J. F. (1996) Greek and Roman Oared Warships, 399–330 BC. Oxford.
Morrison, J. S., Coates, J. F. and Rankov, N. B. (2000) The Athenian Trireme: The History and Reconstruction of an Ancient Greek Warship, 2nd edn. Oxford.
Morrison, J. S. and Williams, R. T. (1968) Greek Oared Ships, 900–322 BC. Cambridge.
Moxon, I. S., Smart, J. D. and Woodman, A. J. (eds.) (1986) Past Perspectives: Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing. Cambridge.
Munn, M. (1993) The Defense of Attica: The Dema Wall and the Boiotian War of 378–375 BC. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Murray, O. (1972) ‘Herodotus and Hellenistic culture’, Classical Quartely 22: 200–13.Google Scholar
Murray, O. (1993) Early Greece, 2nd edn. London.
Murray, O. and Price, S. (eds.) (1990) The Greek City from Homer to Alexander. Oxford.
Musti, D. (1984) ‘Syria and the East’, Cambridge Ancient History VII. 1, 175–220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myres, J. L. (1943) ‘AKHPYKTO∑ φO∧EMO∑ (Herodotus V. 81)’, Classical Review 57: 66–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nefedkin, A. K. (2001) Chariotry of the Ancient Greeks (Sixteenth-First Centuries BC). St Petersburg. (In Russian).
Nenci, G. (1981a) ‘La neutralità nella Grecia antica’, in , Cataldi et al. (1981) 147–60.
Nenci, G. (1981b) ‘Les rapports internationaux dans la Grèce archaïque’, in , Cataldi et al. (1981) 57–72.
Nicolet, C. (1960) ‘Consul togatus: remarques sur le vocabulaire politique de Cicéron et de Tite-Live’, Revue des études latines 38: 236–63.Google Scholar
Nicolet, C. (1962) ‘Les Equites Campani et leurs représentations figurées’, Mélanges d’archéologie et dhistoire de l’ École française de Rome, Antiquité 74: 463–517.Google Scholar
Nicolet, C. (1966) L’ordre équestre à l’époque républicaine. Paris.
Nicolet, C. (1969) ‘Armée et société à Rome sous la république: à propos de l’ ordre équestre’, in Brisson, (1969b) 117–56.
Nielsen, T. H. (ed.) (2002) Even More Studies in the Ancient Greek Polis (Papers from the Copenhagen Polis Centre 6). Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Nielsen, T. H. and Roy, J. (1999) Defining Ancient Arkadia. Copenhagen.
Nilsson, M. (1929) ‘Die Hoplitentaktik und das Staatswesen’, Klio 22: 240–9.Google Scholar
Noguera Borel, A. (1997) ‘La falange macedonia: el problema de los ‘A σθέταIϱоI’, in Plácido, D., Alvar, J., Casillas, J. M. and Fornis, C. (eds.), Imágines de la Polis (ARYS 8) (Madrid) 215–32.Google Scholar
Noguera Borel, A. (1999) ‘L’évolution de la phalange macédonienne: le cas de la sarisse’, ,Institute for Balkan Studies (ed.), Ancient Macedonia: Sixth International Symposium (Thessalonica). Vol. II: 39–50.Google Scholar
North, J. A. (1981) ‘The development of Roman imperialism’, Journal of Roman Studies 71: 1–9.Google Scholar
North, J. A. (1990) ‘Democratic politics in Republican Rome’, Past and Present 126: 3–21.Google Scholar
Nowag, W. (1983) Raub und Beute in der archaischen Zeit der Griechen. Frankfurt.
Nussbaum, G. B. (1967) The Ten Thousand: A Study in Social Organization and Action in Xenophon’s Anabasis. Leiden.
Nussbaum, M. C. and Sihvola, J. (eds.) (2002) The Sleep of Reason: Experience and Sexual Ethics in Ancient Greece and Rome. Chicago.
Oakley, S. P. (1985) ‘Single combat in the Roman Republic’, Classical Quarterly 35: 392–410.Google Scholar
Oakley, S. P. (1993) ‘The Roman conquest of Italy’, in Rich, and Shipley, (1993b) 9–37.
Oakley, S. P. (1997–8) A Commentary on Livy Books VI–X. Vol. I: Introduction and Book VI (1997). Vol. II: Books VII and VIII. Oxford. Google Scholar
Oates, J. F. (1963) ‘The status designation: πEPΣHΣ, THΣ EπIΣONHΣ’, YCS 18: 1–129.Google Scholar
Ober, J. (1985a) Fortress Attica: Defense of the Athenian Land Frontier, 404–322 bc. Leiden.
Ober, J. (1985b) ‘Thucydides, Pericles and the strategy of defense’, in Eadie, and Ober, (1985) 171–88 (repr. in Ober 1996a).
Ober, J. (1987) ‘Early artillery towers: Messenia, Boiotia, Attica, Megarid’, American Journal of Archaeology 91: 569–604.Google Scholar
Ober, J. (1989) Mass and Elite in Democratic Athens. Princeton.
Ober, J. (1994) ‘Classical Greek times’, in Howard, et al. (1994) 12–26 and 227–30 (repr. as Ober 1996b).
Ober, J. (1996b) ‘The rules of war in classical Greece’, in Ober, (1996a) 53–71.
Ober, J. and Hedrick, C. (eds.) (1996) Dêmokratia. Princeton.
O’Brien, J. M. (1992) Alexander the Great: The Invisible Enemy. A Biography. London and New York.
Ogilvie, R. M. (1965) A Commentary on Livy Books I–V. Oxford.
Oliver, G. J., Brock, R., Cornell, T. J. and Hodkinson, S. (eds.) (2000) The Sea in Antiquity (BAR Int. Ser. 899). Oxford.
Olmstead, A. T. (1948) History of the Persian Empire. Chicago.
Olshausen, E. (1974) Prosopographie der hellenistischen Königsgesandten. Teil I: Von Triparadeisos bis Pydna (Studia Hellenistica 19). Leuven.Google Scholar
Oman, C. (1969) On the Writing of History. New York.
Osborne, R. (1985) Demos: The Discovery of Classical Attika. Cambridge.
Osborne, R. (1987) Classical Landscape with Figures. London.
Osborne, R. (1991) ‘Pride and prejudice, sense and subsistence: exchange and society in the Greek city’, in Rich, and Wallace-Hadrill, (1991) 119–45.
Osborne, R. (1998) ‘Early Greek colonization? The nature of Greek settlement in the West’, in Fisher, and van Wees, (1998) 251–69.
Osborne, R. and Hornblower, S. (eds.) (1994) Ritual, Finance, Politics: Athenian Democratic Accounts Presented to David Lewis. Oxford.
Osgood, R. (1998) Warfare in the Late Bronze Age of Northern Europe. Oxford.
Palmer, R. E. A. (1997) Rome and Carthage at Peace. Stuttgart.
Panagopoulos, A. (1978) Captives and Hostages in the Peloponnesian War. Athens.
Panagopoulou, K. (2001) ‘The Antigonids: patterns of a royal economy’, in Archibald, et al. (2001) 313–64.
Pandermalis, D. (2000) ‘BασIλέ[ως Δημητρ]íoξ in MήρτOς. Mξǹμη loξλíας Boκoτoπoλoξ (Thessaloniki) xviii–xxii.Google Scholar
Parke, H. W. (1933) Greek Mercenary Soldiers: From the Earliest Times to the Battle of Ipsus. Oxford.
Parke, H. W. (1981) Greek Mercenary Soldiers: From the Earliest Times to the Battle of Ipsus. Chicago. (Reprint of 1933 edn).
Parker, G. (1988) The Military Revolution: Military Innovation and the Rise of the West, 1500–1800. Cambridge.
Parker, G. (ed.) (1995) The Cambridge Illustrated History of Warfare. Cambridge.
Parker, H. M. D. (1971) The Roman Legions. Oxford.
Parker, R. (1983) Miasma. Oxford.
Parker, R. (1989) ‘Spartan religion’, in Powell, (1989) 142–72.
Parker, R. (1996) Athenian Religion: A History. Oxford.
Parker, R. (2000) ‘Sacrifice and battle’, in van Wees, (2000b) 299–314.
Parker, V. (1997) Untersuchungen zu lelantischen Krieg und verwandten Problemen der frühgriechischen Geschichte. Stuttgart.
Paul, G. M. (1982) ‘Urbs capta: sketch of an ancient literary motif’, Phoenix 36: 144–55.Google Scholar
Pédech, P. (1964). La méthode historique de Polybe. Paris.
Pélékidis, C. (1962) Histoire de l’éphébie attique. Paris.
Petrakos, B. (1995) Marathon. Athens.
Phillips, D. and Pritchard, D. M. (eds.) (2003) Sport and Festival in the Ancient Greek World. Swansea.
Piccirilli, L. (1973) Gli arbitrati interstatali greci I: dalle origini a 338 a. C. Pisa.
Piérart, M. (2003) ‘The common oracle of the Milesians and the Argives (Hdt. 6. 19 and 77)’, in Derow, and Parker, (2003) 275–96.
Pierson, C. (1996) The Modern State. London.
Pikoulas, Y. A. (1985) ОΔIKО ΔIKTYО KAI AMYNA: ’Aπó τǹν Kóρlνθo στò ”Aργoς καì τǹν ’Aρκαδíα (Athens).Google Scholar
Pikoulas, Y. A. (1999) ‘The road-network of Arkadia’, in Nielsen, and Roy, (1999) 248–319.
Pippidi, D. M. (ed.) (1979) Actes du VIIe Congrès internationale d’épigraphie grecque et latine. Paris and Bucharest.
Pleket, H. (1998) ‘Sport and ideology in the Graeco-Roman world’, Kilo 80: 315–24.Google Scholar
Poliakoff, M. (1987) Combat Sports in the Ancient World. New Haven.
Powell, A. (1989) Classical Sparta: Techniques behind her Success. London.
Powell, A. (ed.) (1995) The Greek World. London.
Powell, A. (1998) Athens and Sparta: Constructing Greek Political and Social History from 487 BC. London.
Powell, A. (2002) ‘Dining groups, marriage, homosexuality’, in Whitby, (2002) 90–103 (repr. from Powell 1998: 221–31).
Préaux, C. (1939) L’économie royale des Lagides. Brussels.
Préaux, C. (1989) Le monde hellénistiquee: la Grèce et l’Orient de la mort d’Alexandre à la conquête romaine de la Grèce, 323–146 av J-C., 2nd edn (2 vols.). Paris.
Pressfield, S. (2000) Gates of Fire. New York.
Prichard, R. T. (1970) ‘Cicero and the Lex Hieronica’, Historia 19: 352–68.Google Scholar
Pritchard, D. M. (1998) ‘“The fractured imaginary”: popular thinking on military matters in fifth-century Athens’, Ancient History 28: 38–61.Google Scholar
Pritchard, D. M. (2003) ‘Athletics, education and participation in classical Athens’, in Phillips, and Pritchard, (2003) 293–349.
Pritchard, J. B. (ed.) (1958) The Ancient Near East: An Anthology of Texts and Pictures (2 vols.). Princeton.
Pritchett, W. K. (1965–92) Studies in Ancient Greek Topography. Part I (1965). Part II: Battlefields (1969). Part III: Roads (1980). Part IV: Passes (1982). Part V (1985). Part VI (1989). Berkeley and Los Angeles; Part VII (1991). Part VIII (1992). Amsterdam.
Pritchett, W. K. (1971–91) The Greek State at War. Part I (1971). Part II (1974). Part III: Religion (1979). Part IV (1985). Part V (1991). Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Pritchett, W. K. (1991b) ‘A recent theory of Homeric warfare’, in Pritchett, (1965–92) VII. 181–90.
Pritchett, W. K. (1994b) ‘The general’s exhortation in Greek warfare’, in Pritchett, (1994a) 27–109.
Pritchett, W. K. (2002) Ancient Greek Battle Speeches and a Palfrey. Amsterdam.
Prost, F. (ed.) (1999a) Armées et sociétés de la Grèce classique: aspects sociaux et politiques de la guerre aux Ve et IVe s. av. J.-C. Paris.
Prost, F. (1999b) ‘Les combattants de Marathon: idéologie et société hoplitiques à Athènes au Ve s.’, in Prost, (1999a) 69–88.
Quesada, Sanz F. (1997) ‘Gladius hispaniensis: an archaeological view from Iberia’, Journal of Roman Military Equipment Studies 8: 251–70.Google Scholar
Raaflaub, K. A. (1979) ‘Beute, Vergeltung, Freiheit? Zur Zielsetzung des delisch-attischen Seebundes’, Chiron 9: 1–22.Google Scholar
Raaflaub, K. A. (1986a) ‘From protection and defense to offense and participation: stages in the conflict of the orders’, in Raaflaub, (1986b) 198–243.
Raaflaub, K. A. (ed.) (1986b) Social Struggles in Archaic Rome: New Perspectives on the Conflict of the Orders. Berkeley.
Raaflaub, K. A. (1996) ‘Born to be wolves? Origins of Roman imperialism’, in Harris, and Wallace, (1996) 273–314.
Raaflaub, K. A. (1997) ‘Soldiers, citizens and the evolution of the early Greek polis’, in Mitchell, and Rhodes, (1997) 49–59.
Raaflaub, K. A. (1999) ‘Archaic and classical Greece’, in Raaflaub, and Rosenstein, (1999) 129–61.
Raaflaub, K. A. and Rosenstein, N. (1999) War and Society in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds. Washington D. C. and Cambridge, Mass.
Rahe, P. A. (1980) ‘The military situation in western Asia on the eve of Cunaxa’, AJPh 101: 79–96.Google Scholar
Randsborg, K. (1995) Hjortspring: Warfare and Sacrifice in Early Europe. Aarhus.
Randsborg, K. (2001) ‘From bronze to iron: the rise of European infantry’, in Bekker-Nielsen, and Hannestaad, (2001) 155–65.
Rankov, N. B. (1994) ‘Reconstructing the past: the operation of the trireme reconstruction, Olympias, in the light of the historical sources’, Mariner’s Mirror 80: 131–46.Google Scholar
Rankov, N. B. (1996) ‘The Second Punic War at sea’, in Cornell, et al. (1996) 49–57.
Rathbone, D. W. (1981) ‘The development of agriculture in the “Ager Cosanus” during the Roman Republic: problems of evidence and interpretation’, Journal of Roman Studies 71: 10–23.Google Scholar
Rathbone, D. W. (1993) ‘The census qualifications of the Assidui and the Prima Classis’, in Sancisi-Weerdenburg, et al. (1993) 121–52.
Rathbone, D. W. (2002) ‘The ancient economy and Graeco-Roman Egypt’, in Scheidel, and Reden, (2002) 155–69.
Rawlings, L. (1999) ‘Condottieri and clansmen’, in Hopwood, (1999) 97–127.
Rawlings, L. (2000) ‘Alternative agonies: hoplite, martial and combat experiences beyond the phalanx’, in Wees, (2000b) 233–59.
Rawson, E. (1969) The Spartan Tradition in European Thought. Oxford.
Rawson, E. (1971) ‘The literary sources for the pre-Marian army’, Papers of the British School at Rome 39: 13–31.Google Scholar
Rawson, E. (1991a) ‘The antiquarian tradition: spoils and representations of foreign armour’, in Rawson, (1991b) 582–98 (repr. from Eder 1990: 157–73).
Rawson, E. (1991b) Roman Culture and Society. Oxford.
Reger, G. (2002) ‘The price histories of some imported goods on independent Delos’, in Scheidel, and Reden, (2002) 133–54.
Reid, S. (1987) Gunpowder Triumphant. Essex.
Reinhardt, K. (1938) Das Parisurteil. Frankfurt am Main (repr. in Becker, 1960: 16–36).Google Scholar
Reus-Smit, C. (2001) ‘Constructivism’, in Burchill, et al. (2001) 209–30.
Reyna, S. P. (1994) ‘A mode of domination approach to organized violence’, in Reyna, and Downs, (1994) 29–67.
Reyna, S. P. and Downs, R. E. (eds.) (1994) Studying War: Anthropological Perspectives. Langhorne, Penn.
Rhodes, P. J. (1981) Commentary on the Aristotelian Athenaion Politeia. Oxford (repr. with addenda 1992).
Rice, E. E. (1991) ‘The Rhodian navy in the Hellenistic age’, in Roberts, and Sweetman, (1991) 29–50.
Rich, J. W. (1983) ‘The supposed manpower shortage of the later second century BC’, Historia 32: 287–331.Google Scholar
Rich, J. W. (1993) ‘Fear, greed and glory: the causes of Roman war-making in the middle Republic’, in Rich, and Shipley, (1993b) 38–68.
Rich, J. W. (1996) ‘The origins of the Second Punic War’, in Cornell, et al. (1996) 1–37.
Rich, J. W. (2001) ‘Warfare and external relations in the middle Roman Republic’, in Hartmann, and Heuser, (2001) 62–71.
Rich, J. W. and Shipley, G. (eds.) (1993a) War and Society in the Greek World. London.
Rich, J. W. and Shipley, G. (eds.) (1993b) War and Society in the Roman World. London.
Rich, J. W. and Wallace-Hadrill, A. (eds.) (1991) City and Country in the Ancient World. London and New York.
Richardson, J. S. (2001) Appian: Iberike. Warminster.
Richardson, N. J. (1993) The Iliad, A Commentary VI: books XXI–XXIV. Cambridge.
Richmond, I. A. (1963) The Pelican History of England I: Roman Britain. Harmondsworth.
Richter, R. O. (1884) ‘Mittheilungen aus Cypern’, Mitteilungen des deutschen archäologischen Instituts (Athen. Abt.) 9: 133–40.Google Scholar
Rickman, G. (1980) ‘The grain trade under the Roman Empire’, in D’Arms, and Kopff, (1980) 261–75.
Riedinger, J.-C. (1976) ‘Remarques sur la timê chez Homère’, Revue des études grecques 89: 244–64.Google Scholar
Rigsby, K. (1996) Asylia: Territorial Inviolability in the Hellenistic World. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Rihll, T. (1993) ‘War, slavery and settlement in early Greece’, in Rich, and Shipley, (1993a) 77–107.
Risberg, C. (1997) ‘Evidence of metal-working in early Greek sanctuaries’, in Gillis, et al. (1997) 185–96.
Ritterling, E. (1925) ‘Legio’, Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, ed. Wissowa, G. et al., 2nd edn (Stuttgart 1894–1963) XII.1–XII.2, 1186–1837.
Robert, J, . and Robert, L. (1977) ‘Egypte et Nubie: no. 566’, Bulletin épigraphique 8 (1974–7): 468–70.Google Scholar
Robert, L. (1940) Les gladiateurs dans l’orient grec. Paris.
Robert, L. (1970) Die Epigraphik der klassischen Welt. Bonn.
Roberts, M. (1956) The Military Revolution, 1560–1660. Belfast.
Roberts, W. R. and Sweetman, J. (eds.) (1991) New Interpretations in Naval History. Annapolis.
Roebuck, C. (1955) ‘The early Ionian League’, Classical Philology 50: 26–40.Google Scholar
Roesch, P. (1979) ‘La cavalerie béotienne à l’époque hellénistique (338–172)’, in Pippidi, (1979) 243–51.
Roesch, P. (1982) Études béotiennes. Paris.
Roisman, J. (1993) The General Demosthenes and his Use of Military Surprise (Historia Einzelschriften 78). Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Roisman, J. (2003) ‘The rhetoric of courage in the Athenian orators’, in Rosen, and Sluiter, (2003) 127–43.
Rollinger, R. and Ulf, C. (eds.) (2004) Griechische Archaik: interne Entwicklungen, externe Impulse. Berlin.
Rosen, R. and Sluiter, I. (eds.) (2003) Andreia: Studies in Manliness and Courage in Classical Antiquity. Leiden.
Rosenstein, N. (1990) Imperatores Victi: Military Defeat and Aristocratic Competition in the Middle and Late Republic. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Rosenstein, N. (1999) ‘Republican Rome’, in Raaflaub, and Rosenstein, (1999) 193–216.
Rosenstein, N. (2004) Rome at War: Farms, Families and Death in the Middle Republic. Chapel Hill.
Rosivach, V. J. (1985) ‘Manning the Athenian fleet, 433–426 BC’, American Journal of Ancient History 10: 41–66.Google Scholar
Rosivach, V. J. (1999) ‘Enslaving barbaroi and the Athenian ideology of slavery’, History 48: 130–57.Google Scholar
Rosivach, V. J. (2002) ‘Zeugitai and hoplites’, Ancient History Bulletin 16: 33–43.Google Scholar
Rostovtzeff, M. I. (1941) The Social and Economic History of the Hellenistic World (3 vols.). Oxford.
Roth, J. P. (1999) The Logistics of the Roman Army at War, 264 BC–AD 235. Leiden.
Rougemont, G. (1973) ‘La hiéroménie des Pythia et les “trêves sacrées” d’Éleusis, de Delphes et d’ Olympie’, BCH 97: 75–106.Google Scholar
Roy, J. (1998a) ‘The masculinity of the Hellenistic king’, in Foxhall, and Salmon, (1998) 111–35.
Roy, J. (1998b) ‘Thucydides 5.49.1–50.4: the quarrel between Elis and Sparta in 420 BC’, Klio 80: 360–8.Google Scholar
Runciman, W. G. (1990) ‘Doomed to extinction: the polis as an evolutionary dead-end’, in Murray, and Price, (1990) 347–68.
Runciman, W. G. (1998a) ‘Greek hoplites, warrior culture and indirect bias’, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 4: 731–51.Google Scholar
Runciman, W. G. (1998b) ‘The selectionist paradigm and its implications for sociology’, Sociology 32: 163–88.Google Scholar
Rusch, S. M. (1997) ‘Poliorcetic assault in the Peloponnesian War’ (University of Pennsylvannia diss).
Russell, F. S. (1999) Information Gathering in Classical Greece. Ann Arbor.
Rutherford, R. B. (1996) Homer (Greece and Rome New Surveys in the Classics 26). Oxford.Google Scholar
Ryder, T. (1965) Koine Eirene: General Peace and Local Independence in Ancient Greece. London, New York and Toronto.
Sabin, P. A. G. (1996) ‘The mechanics of battle in the Second Punic War’, in Cornell, et al. (1996) 59–79.
Sabin, P. A. G. (2000) ‘The face of Roman battle’, Journal of Roman Studies 90: 1–17.Google Scholar
Sabin, P. A. G. (2007) Lost Battles: Reconstructing the Great Clashes of the Ancient World (London and New York).
Sacco, G. (1979) ‘Sui NEANIΣκOI dell’età ellenistica’, RFIC 107: 39–49.Google Scholar
Sage, M. M. (1996) Warfare in Ancient Greece: A Sourcebook. London and New York.
Salazar, C. F. (ed.) (2000) The Treatment of War Wounds in Graeco-Roman Antiquity. Leiden.
Sallares, R. (1991) The Ecology of the Ancient Greek World. Ithaca.
Salmon, J. (1977) ‘Political hoplites?’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 97: 84–101.Google Scholar
Samons, J. (ed.) (2007) Cambridge Companion to the Age of Pericles. New York.
Samuels, M. (1990) ‘The reality of Cannae’, Militärgeschichtliche Mitteilungen 47: 7–29.Google Scholar
Sancisi-Weerdenburg, H. et al. (1993) De Agricultura: In Memoriam Pieter Willem de Neeve (1945–1990). Amsterdam.
Sanders, J. M. (ed.) (1992) Philolakon. London.
Santosuosso, A. (1997) Soldiers, Citizens and the Symbols of War from Classical Greece to Republican Rome, 500–167 BC. Boulder and Oxford.
Sargent, R. L. (1927) ‘The use of slaves by the Athenians in warfare’, Classical Philology 22: 201–12, 264–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sartre, M. (1979) ‘Aspects économiques et aspects religieux de la frontière dans les cités grecques’, Ktema 4: 213–24.Google Scholar
Saulnier, C. (1980) L’armée et la guerre dans le monde étrusco-romain (VIIIe. – IVe.s.) Paris.
Saunders, K. (1999) ‘The wounds in Iliad 13–16’, Classical Quarterly 49: 345–63.Google Scholar
Schaps, D. (1982) ‘The women of Greece in wartime’, Classical Philology 77: 193–213.Google Scholar
Scheidel, W. and von Reden, S. (eds.) (2002) The Ancient Economy. Edinburgh.
Schlüter, W. (1999) ‘The battle of the Teutoberg Forest: archaeological research at Kalkreise near Osnabrück’, in Creighton, and Wilson, (1999) 125–59.
Schmitt, H. H. (1969) Die Staatsverträge des Altertums. Vol. III: Die Verträge der griechischrömischen Welt von 338 bis 200 v. Chr. Munich.Google Scholar
Schmitthenner, W. and Zoepffel, R. (eds.) (1982) H. Strasburger, Studien zur alten Geschichte (2 vols.). Hildesheim and New York.
Schmitz, W. (2004) Nachbarschaft und Dorfgemeinschaft im archaischen und klassischen Griechenland (Klio Beihefte 7). Berlin.Google Scholar
Schmookler, A. B. (1995) The Parable of the Tribes: The Problem of Power in Social Evolution. Albany.
Scholten, J. B. (1999) The Politics of Plunder: Aitolians and their Koinon in the Early Hellenistic Era, 279–217 BC. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Schuler, C. (1998) Ländiche Siedlungen und Gemeinden in hellenistischen und römischen Kleinasien. Munich.
Schuller, W. (1974) Die Herrschaft der Athener im Ersten Attischen Seebund. Berlin and New York.
Schwartz, J. et al. (eds.) (1963–89) Papyrus Grecs de la Bibliothèque Nationale et Universitaire de Strasbourg (11 vols.). Strasbourg.
Schweitzer, B. (1936) ‘Späthellenistische Reitergruppen’, Jahrbuch des deutschen archäologischen Instituts (1886–) 51: 158–73.Google Scholar
Schwertfeger, T. (1982) ‘Der Schild des Archilochos’, Chiron 12: 253–80.Google Scholar
Scott, L. (2000) ‘Were there polis navies in archaic Greece?’, in Oliver, et al. (2000) 93–115.
Scott-Kilvert, I. (tr.) (1979) The Rise of the Roman Empire, Polybius (with an introduction by Walbank, F. W.). Harmondsworth.
Scullard, H. H. (1970) Scipio Africanus: Soldier and Politician. Ithaca.
Scullard, H. H. (1974) The Elephant in the Greek and Roman World. Cambridge.
Scullard, H. H. (1989) ‘Carthage and Rome’, Cambridge Ancient History VII2.2, 486–569.Google Scholar
Seager, R. (ed.) (1962) The Crisis of the Roman Republic. Cambridge.
Seager, R. (1994) ‘The Corinthian War’, Cambridge Ancient History IV2, 97–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sealey, R. (1966) ‘The origin of the Delian League’, in Badian, (1966) 233–55.
Seibert, J. (1986) ‘Die Logistik der Feldzüge Alexander des Großen’, in Boog, et al. (1986) 11–33.
Sekunda, N. V. (1984) The Army of Alexander the Great (with plates by McBride, A.). London.
Sekunda, N. V. (1986) The Ancient Greeks: Armies of Classical Greece, Fifth and Fourth Centuries BC (with plates by McBride, A.). London.
Sekunda, N. V. (1989) ‘Hellenistic warfare’, in Hackett, (1989) 130–5.
Sekunda, N. V. (1994a) ‘Classical warfare’, in Boardman, (1994) 167–94.
Sekunda, N. V. (1994b) Seleucid and Ptolemaic Reformed Armies, 168–145 BC. Vol. I: The Seleucid Army under Antiochus IV Epiphanes (with plates by McBride, A.). Stockport.Google Scholar
Sekunda, N. V. (1996) Roman Republican Army, 200–104 BC. London.
Sekunda, N. V. (1998) The Spartans. London.
Sekunda, N. V. (2000) The Greek Hoplite, 480–323 BC (with plates by Hook, A.). London.
Sekunda, N. V. (2001a) ‘Antigonid shield-device on a stele of a Cretan from Demetrias’, Archeologia: 52: 19–22.Google Scholar
Sekunda, N. V. (2001b) Hellenistic Infantry Reform in the 160’s BC. Lodz.
Sekunda, N. V. (2001c) ‘The sarissa’, Acta Universitatis Lodziensis, Folia Archaeologica 23: 13–41.Google Scholar
Seltman, C. (1955) Greek Coins: A History of Metallic Currency and Coinage Down to the Fall of the Hellenistic Kingdoms, 2nd edn. London.
Serrati, J. (2000) ‘Garrisons and grain: Sicily between the Punic Wars’, in Smith, and Serrati, (2000) 115–33.
Settis, S. (ed.) (1996) I Greci II.1. Turin.
Settis, S. (ed.) (1997) I Greci II.2. Turin.
Shahîd, I. (1995) Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century. Washington.
Shatzman, I. (1972) ‘The Roman general’s authority over booty’, Historia 21: 177–205.Google Scholar
Shaw, B. (1999) ‘War and violence’, in Bowersock, et al. (1999) 130–69.
Shaw, I. (1996) ‘Battle in ancient Egypt: the triumph of Horus or the cutting edge of the temple economy’, in Lloyd, (1996a) 239–69.
Shaw, J. T. (ed.) (1993) The Trireme Project, Operational Experience 1987–1990, Lessons Learnt. Oxford.
Shay, J. (1994) Achilles in Vietnam: Combat Trauma and the Undoing of Character. New York.
Shean, J. F. (1996) ‘Hannibal’s mules: the logistical limitations of Hannibal’s army and the battle of Cannae, 216 BC’, Historia 45: 159–87.Google Scholar
Sherk, R. K. (1984) Rome and the Greek East to the Death of Augustus. Cambridge.
Sherwin-White, A. N. (1980) ‘Rome the Aggressor?’, Journal of Roman Studies 70: 177–81.Google Scholar
Shipley, G. (1993) ‘Introduction: the limits of war’, in Rich, and Shipley, (1993a) 1–24.
Shipley, G. (2000) The Greek World after Alexander, 323–30 BC. London.
Shipley, G. (2002) ‘Perioecic society’, in Whitby, (2002) 182–9 (repr. from Sanders 1992: 211–26).
Siedentopf, H. B. (1968) Das hellenistische Reiterdenkmal. Waldsassen.
Siewert, P. (1977) ‘The ephebic oath in fifth-century Athens’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 97: 102–11.Google Scholar
Siewert, P. (1982) Die Trittyen Attikas und die Heeresreform des Kleisthenes. Munich.
Silk, M. (1987) Homer: The Iliad. Cambridge.
Sinclair, R. K. (1966) ‘Diodorus Siculus and fighting in relays’, Classical Quarterly ns 16: 249–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sinclair, R. K. (1988) Democracy and Participation in Athens. Cambridge.
Singor, H. W. (1991) ‘Nine against Troy: on epic phalagges, promachoi and an old structure in the story of the Iliad’, Mnemosyne 44: 17–62.Google Scholar
Singor, H. W. (1999) ‘Admission to the syssitia in fifth-century Sparta’, in Hodkinson, and Powell, (1999) 67–89.
Sinn, U. (1993) ‘Greek sanctuaries as places of refuge’, in Hägg, and Marinatos, (1993) 88–109.
Sion-Jenkins, K. (2001) ‘La disparition du mercenariat en Asie Mineure occidentale au IIe siècle a. C.: éléments de réflexion’, in Bresson, and Descat, (2001) 19–35.
Smith, C. J. and Serrati, J. (eds.) (2000) Sicily from Aeneas to Augustus: New Approaches in History and Archaeology. Edinburgh.
Smith, R. E. (1958) Service in the Post-Marian Army. Manchester.
Snodgrass, A. M. (1964) Early Greek Armour and Weapons from the End of the Bronze Age to 600 BC. Edinburgh.
Snodgrass, A. M. (1965) ‘Hoplite reform and history’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 85: 110–22.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, A. M. (1967) Arms and Armour of the Greeks. Ithaca.
Snodgrass, A. M. (1993) ‘The “hoplite reform” revisited’, Dialogues d’histoire ancienne 19: 47–61.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, A. M. (1999) Arms and Armour of the Greeks. Baltimore.
Sommerstein, A. (ed. and tr.) (1980) Aristophanes, Acharnians. Warminster.
Sommerstein, A. (ed. and tr.) (1990) Aristophanes, Lysistrata. Warminster.
Sonnabend, H. (ed.) (1999) Mensch und Landschaft in der Antike: Lexikon der Historischen Geographie. Stuttgart.
Sordi, M. (1998a) ‘Deditio in fidem e perdono’, in Sordi, (1998b) 157–66.
Sordi, M. (ed.) (1998b) Responsibilità, perdono e vendetta nel mondo antico. Milan.
Speidel, M. P. (1992) The Framework of an Imperial Legion. Cardiff.
Speidel, M. P. (1994) Riding for Caesar: The Roman Emperors’ Horse Guards. Cambridge, Mass.
Spence, I. G. (1993) The Cavalry of Classical Greece: A Social and Military History. Oxford.
Spiegel, N. (1990) War and Peace in Classical Greek Literature. Jerusalem.
Spielvogel, J. (1993) Amicitia und Res Publica: Ciceros Maxime während der innenpolitischen Auseinandersetzungen der Jahre 59–50 v. Chr. Stuttgart.
Stadter, P. A. (1965) Plutarch’s Historical Methods: An Analysis of the Mulierum Virtutes. Cambridge, Mass.
Stamatopoulou, M. and Yeroulanou, M. (eds.) (2002) Excavating Classical Culture: Recent Archaeological Discoveries in Greece. Oxford.
Stanley, K. (1993) The Shield of Homer: Narrative Structure in the Iliad. Princeton.
Stanton, G. R. (1994) ‘The trittyes of Cleisthenes’, Chiron 24: 161–207.Google Scholar
Stary, P. F. (1979) ‘Foreign elements in Etruscan arms and armour: eighth to third centuries BC’, Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 45: 179–206.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. H. (1999) ‘The transport of sick and wounded soldiers in classical Greece’, Phoenix 53: 191–205.Google Scholar
Stevenson, R. B. (1997) Persica. Edinburgh.
Storch, R. H. (1998) ‘The archaic Greek “phalanx”’, Ancient History Bulletin 12: 1–7.Google Scholar
Strasburger, H. (1972) ‘Homer und die Geschichtschreibung’, in Sitzungberichte der Heidelberger Akad, Wiss. Ph.-hist. Kl., 1972.1: 5–44 (repr. in Schmitthenner, and Zoepffel, 1982: 1057–97).Google Scholar
Strassler, R. (ed.) (1996) The Landmark Thucydides: A Comprehensive Guide to the Peloponnesian War, rev. trans. of Crawley, (1910). London and New York.
Strauss, B. S. (1987) Athens After the Peloponnesian War: Class, Faction and Politics, 403–386 BC. Ithaca and London.
Strauss, B. S. (1996) ‘The Athenian trireme, school of democracy’, in Ober, and Hedrick, (1996) 313–25.
Strauss, B. S. (2000a) ‘Democracy, Kimon and the evolution of Athenian naval tactics in the fifth century BC’, in Flensted-Jensen, et al. (2000) 315–26.
Strauss, B. S. (2000b) ‘Perspectives on the death of fifth-century Athenian seamen’, in Wees, (2000b) 261–83.
Strauss, B. S. (2004) Salamis: The Greatest Naval Battle of the Ancient World, 480 BC. London.
Strauss, B. S. (2006) The Trojan War: A New History (London).
Strauss, B. S. and Ober, J. (1990) The Anatomy of Error: Ancient Military Disasters and their Lessons for Modern Strategists. New York.
Syvänne, I. (2004) The Age of the Hippotoxotai. Tampere.
Taeubler, E. (1913) Imperium Romanum I: Die Staatsverträge und Vertragsverhältnisse. Berlin and Leipzig.
Tagliamonte, G. (1994) I figli di Marte: mobilità, mercenari e mercenariato Italici in Magna Grecia e Sicilia. Rome.
Taillardat, J. (1968) ‘La trière athénienne et la guerre sur mer aux Ve et IVe siècles’, in Vernant, (1968) 183–205.
Talbert, R. J. A. (1989) ‘The role of the helots in the class struggle at Sparta’, Historia 38: 22–40.Google Scholar
Tandy, D. W. (1997) Warriors into Traders: The Power of the Market in Early Greece. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Tarn, W. W. (1930) Hellenistic Military and Naval Developments. Cambridge.
Tarn, W. W. (1985) The Greeks of Bactria and India, 3rd edn. Chicago.
Tausend, K. (1987) ‘Der Lelantische Krieg – ein Mythos?’, Klio 69: 499–514.Google Scholar
Tausend, K. (1992) Amphiktyonie und Symmachie. (Historia Einzelschriften 73). Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Thiel, J. H. (1946) Studies on the History of Roman Sea-Power in Republican Times. Amsterdam.
Thiel, J. H. (1954) A History of Roman Sea Power before the Second Punic War. Amsterdam.
Thomas, R. (1989) Oral Tradition and Written Record in Classical Athens. Cambridge.
Thompson (Crawford), D. J. (1983) ‘Nile grain transport under the Ptolemies’, in Garnsey, et al. (1983) 64–75.
Thompson (Crawford), D. J. (2000) ‘The Greek frontier: settlers in the south Fayum’, lecture delivered at the University of California, Berkeley, published at <http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~tebtunis/ancientlives/thompson.html>, September 2000.
Thompson, M. (1984) ‘Paying the mercenaries’, in Houghton, et al. (1984) 241–7.
Thomsen, R. (1964) Eisphora: A Study of Direct Taxation in Ancient Athens. Copenhagen.
Thomsen, R. (1977) ‘War taxes in classical Athens’, in Chastagnol, et al. (1977) 137–47.
Tilley, A. (1992) ‘Three men to a room – a completely different trireme’, Antiquity 66: 599–610.Google Scholar
Tilley, A. (2000) ‘The iconography of ancient ships’, in Oliver, et al. (2000) 117–25.
Tilley, A. (2004) Seafaring in the Ancient Mediterranean: New Thoughts on Triremes and Other Ancient Ships (Oxford).
Tilly, C. (ed.) (1975a) The Formation of the National State in Western Europe. princeton.
Tilly, C. (ed.) (1975b) ‘Reflections on the history of European state-making’, in Tilly, (1975a) 3–83.
Tilly, C. (1992) Coercion, Capital and European States, AD 990–1992, rev. edn. Oxford.
Tod, M. N. (1913) International Arbitrations amongst the Greeks. Oxford.
Tomlinson, R. A. (1972) Argos and the Argolid: From the End of the Bronze Age to the Roman Occupation. Ithaca.
Toynbee, A. J. (1965) Hannibal’s Legacy (2 vols.). Oxford.
Tracy, J. (ed.) (2000) City Walls: The Urban Encounter in Global Perspective. Cambridge.
Tredennick, H. and Waterfield, R. (trs.) (1990) Conversations of Socrates: Xenophon. London.
Treloar, A. (1971) ‘The Roman shield: Polybius vi. 23. 2’, Classical Review 21: 3–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tritle, L. A. (1989) ‘Epilektoi at Athens’, Ancient History Bulletin 3: 54–9.Google Scholar
Tritle, L. A. (1997) ‘Hector’s body: mutilation in ancient Greece and Vietnam’, Ancient History Bulletin 11: 123–36.Google Scholar
Tritle, L. A. (2000) From Melos to Mylai. London.
Trundle, M. (2001) ‘The Spartan revolution: hoplite warfare in the later archaic period’, War & Society 19: 1–17.Google Scholar
Tsibidou-Avloniti, M. (2002) ‘Excavating a painted Macedonian tomb near Thessaloniki: an astonishing discovery’, in Stamatopoulou, and Yeroulanou, (2002) 91–7.
Turner, E. G. (1984) ‘Ptolemaic Egypt’, Cambridge Ancient History VII2.I, 118–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Udwin, V. M. (1999) Between Two Armies: The Place of the Duel in Epic Culture. Leiden.
Uebel, F. (1968) Die Kleruchen Ägyptens unter den Ersten sechs Ptolemäern. Berlin.
Ulf, C. (1996a) ‘Griechische Ethnogenese versus Wanderungen von Stämmen und Stammstaaten’, in Ulf, (1996b) 240–80.
Ulf, C. (ed.) (1996b) Wege zur Genese griechischer Identität: die Bedeutung der früharchaischen Zeit. Berlin.
Ulf, C. (2004) ‘Die Instrumentalisierung der griechischen Frühzeit: Interdependenzen zwischen Epochencharakteristik und politischer Überzeugung bei Ernst Curtius und Jacob Burckhardt’, in Rollinger, and Ulf, (2004) 51–103.
Unz, R. K. (1985) ‘The surplus of the Athenian phoros’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 26: 21–42.Google Scholar
Urban, R. (1979) Wachstum und Krise des Achaiischen Bundes (Historia Einzelschriften vol. 35). Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
van de Maele, S. and Fossey, J. M. (eds.) (1992) Fortificationes Antiquae. Amsterdam.
van Groningen, B. A. (1933) Aristote. Le second livre de l’Economique. Leiden.
van Wees, H. (1986) ‘Leaders of men? Military organisation in the Iliad’, Classical Quarterly 36: 285–303.Google Scholar
van Wees, H. (1988) ‘Kings in combat: battles and heroes in the Iliad’, Classical Quarterly 38: 1–24.Google Scholar
van Wees, H. (1992) Status Warriors: Violence and Society in Homer and History. Amsterdam.
van Wees, H. (1994) ‘The Homeric way of war: the Iliad and the hoplite phalanx (I) and (II)’, Greece and Rome 41: 1–18, 131–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Wees, H. (1995a) ‘Politics and the battlefield: ideology in Greek warfare’, in Powell, (1995) 153–78.
van Wees, H. (1995b) ‘Princes at dinner: social event and social structure in Homer’, in Crielaard, (1995) 147–82.
van Wees, H. (1996) ‘Heroes, knights and nutters: warrior mentality in Homer’, in Lloyd, (1996a) 1–86.
van Wees, H. (1997) ‘Homeric warfare’, in Morris, and Powell, (1997) 668–93.
van Wees, H. (1998a) ‘A brief history of tears: gender differentiation in archaic Greece’, in Foxhall, and Salmon, (1998) 10–53.
van Wees, H. (1998b) ‘The law of gratitude: reciprocity in anthropological theory’, in Gill, et al. (1998) 13–49.
van Wees, H. (1999a) ‘The mafia of early Greece’, in Hopwood, (1999) 1–51.
van Wees, H. (1999b) ‘Tyrtaeus’ Eunomia: nothing to do with the Great Rhetra’, in Hodkinson, and Powell, (1996) 1–41.
van Wees, H. (2000a) ‘The development of the hoplite phalanx: iconography and reality in the seventh century’, in van Wees, (2000b) 125–66.
van Wees, H. (ed.) (2000b) War and Violence in Ancient Greece. London.
van Wees, H. (2001a) ‘The myth of the middle class army: military and social status in ancient Athens’, in Bekker-Nielsen and Hannestad (2001) 45–71.
van Wees, H. (2001b) ‘War and peace in ancient Greece’, in Hartmann, and Heuser, (2001) 33–47.
van Wees, H. (2002a) ‘Greed, generosity and gift-exchange in early Greece and the western Pacific’, in Jongman, and Kleijwegt, (2002) 341–78.
van Wees, H. (2002b) ‘Tyrants, oligarchs and citizen militias’, in Chaniotis, and Ducrey, (2002) 61–82.
van Wees, H. (2003) ‘Conquerors and serfs: wars of conquest and forced labour in archaic Greece’, in Alcock, and Luraghi, (2003) 33–80.
van Wees, H. (2004) Greek Warfare: Myths and Realities. London.
Van’t Dack, E. (1988) Ptolemaica selecta: études sur l’armée et l’administration lagides. Louvain.
Vaughn, P. (1991) ‘The identification and retrieval of the hoplite battle-dead’, in Hanson, (1991b) 38–62.
Vernant, J.-P. (ed.) (1968) Problèmes de la guerre en Grèce ancienne. Paris.
Vernant, J.-P. (1990a) ‘City-state warfare’, in Vernant, (1990b) 29–53.
Vernant, J.-P. (1990b) Myth and Society in Ancient Greece. New York.
Versnel, H. S. (1970) Triumphus: An Inquiry into the Origin, Development and Meaning of the Roman Triumph. Leiden.
Vial, C. (1977) Diodore de Sicile. Bibliothèque historique, vol. XV. Paris.
Vidal-Naquet, P. (1986) The Black Hunter: Forms of Thought and Forms of Society in the Greek World. Baltimore.
Volkmann, H. (1961) Die Massenversklaverungen der Einwohner eroberter Städte in der hellenistischen-römischer Zeit. Mainz.
von Bothmer, D. (1961) Ancient Art from New York Private Collections: Catalogue of an Exhibition Held at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, December 17, 1959– February 28, 1960. New York.
von Schlieffen, A. (1931) Cannae. Fort Leavenworth.
Wacher, J. (ed.) (1987) The Roman World (2 vols.). London.
Wade-Gery, H. T. and Meritt, B. (1957) ‘Athenian resources in 449 and 431 BC’, Hesperia 26: 163–97.Google Scholar
Walbank, F. W. (1957–79) A Historical Commentary on Polybius. Vol. I: Books I–VI (1957). Vol. II: Books VII–XVII (1967). Vol. III: Books VII–XVII (1979). Oxford.Google Scholar
Walbank, F. W. (1972) Polybius. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Walbank, F. W. (1984) ‘Monarchies and monarchic ideas’, Cambridge Ancient History VII2.1, 62–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallinga, H. T. (1956) The Boarding Bridge of the Romans. Groningen.
Wallinga, H. T. (1993) Ships and Sea-Power before the Great Persian War: The Ancestry of the Ancient Trireme. Leiden.
Walsh, J. J. (1988) Titus Quinctius Flamininus in Greece, 197–194 BC. Austin.
Walsh, J. J. (1996) ‘Flamininus and the propaganda of liberation’, Historia 45: 344–63.Google Scholar
Warry, J. (1980) Warfare in the Classical World. New York.
Waterfield, R. (tr.) (1998) Herodotus: The Histories. Oxford.
Watson, G. R. (1983) The Roman Soldier. London.
Watson, G. R. (1987) ‘The army of the Republic’, in Wacher, (1987) I: 75–88.
Weber, M. (1972) Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, 5th edn. Tübingen.
Webster, G. (1982) The Roman Invasion of Britain. London.
Webster, G. (1985) The Roman Imperial Army of the First and Second Centuries AD. London.
Weil, S. (1957) ‘The Iliad, poem of might’, in Intimations of Christianity among the Ancient Greeks (London) 24–55 (orig. publ. 1940).Google Scholar
Welch, K. (1998) ‘Caesar and his officers in the Gallic War commentaries’, in Welch, and Powell, (1998) 85–110.
Welch, K. and Powell, A. (eds.) (1998) Julius Caesar as Artful Reporter: The War Commentaries as Political Instruments. London.
Welles, C. B. (1963) Diodorus of Sicily (Loeb Classical Library VIII). Cambridge, Mass.Google Scholar
Wells, C. (1972) The German Policy of Augustus: An Examination of the Archaeological Evidence. Oxford.
Welwei, K.-W. (1974) Unfreie im antiken Kriegsdienst. Wiesbaden.
Westlake, H. D. (1969) Thessaly in the Fourth Century BC. Groningen.
Whatley, N. (1964) ‘On the possibility of reconstructing Marathon and other ancient battles’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 84: 119–39.Google Scholar
Wheeldon, M. J. (1988) ‘“True stories”: the reception of historiography in antiquity’, in Averil, Cameron (1989) 36–63.
Wheeler, E. L. (1978) ‘The occasion of Arrian’s Tactica’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 19: 351–66.Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1979) ‘The legion as phalanx’, Chiron 9: 303–18.Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1982) ‘Hoplomachia and Greek dances in arms’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 22: 223–33.Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1983) ‘The hoplomachoi and Vegetius’ Spartan drillmasters’, Chiron 13: 1–20.Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1984) ‘Sophistic interpretations and Greek treaties’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 25: 253–74.Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1987) ‘Ephorus and the prohibition of missiles’, Transactions of the American Philological Association 117: 157–82.Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1988a) ‘The modern legality of Frontinus’ stratagems’, Militärgeschichtliche Mitteilungen 44: 7–29.Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1988b) ‘φoλλὰ κ∊νὰ τoũ φóλ∊μou: the history of a Greek proverb’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 29: 153–84.Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1988c) ‘Sapiens and stratagems: the neglected meaning of a cognomen’, Historia 37: 166–95.Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1988d) Stratagem and the Vocabulary of Military Trickery (Mnemosyne Supplement 108). Leiden.
Wheeler, E. L. (1990) Review of Hanson (1989), Journal of Interdisciplinary History 21: 122–5.Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1991) ‘The general as hoplite’, in Hanson, (1991b) 121–70.
Wheeler, E. L. (1992) ‘Legion vs. phalanx: the credibility of Polybius 18.28–32’, paper delivered at the 124th Annual Meeting of the American Philological Association, New Orleans, 27–30 December 1992.
Wheeler, E. L. (1993) ‘Methodological limits and the mirage of Roman strategy (I) and (II)’, Journal of Military History 57: 7–42, 215–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1998) ‘Battles and frontiers’, Journal of Roman Archaeology 11: 644–51.Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. L. (1999) ‘Taktik’, in Sonnabend, (1999) 533–9.
Wheeler, E. L. (2001) ‘Firepower: missile weapons and the “face of battle”’, in Dabrowa, (2001) 169–84.
Wheeler, E. L. (2004) ‘The legion as phalanx in the late Empire (I)’, in Le, Bohec and Wolff, (2004) 309–58.
Whitby, ( L. M. (1986a) ‘Procopius’ description of Dara (Buildings II. 1–3)’, in Freeman, and Kennedy, (1986) 737–83.
Whitby, ( L. M. (1986b) ‘Procopius and the development of Roman defences in upper Mesopotamia’, in Freeman, and Kennedy, (1986) 717–35.
Whitby, ( L. M. (1987) ‘Notes on some Justinianic constructions’, Byzantinisch-Neugriechische Jahrbücher 23: 89–112.Google Scholar
Whitby, ( L. M. (1988) The Emperor Maurice and his Historian: Theophylact Simocatta on Persian and Balkan Warfare. Oxford.
Whitby, ( L. M. (ed.) (2002) Sparta. Edinburgh.
Whitby, ( L. M. (2004) ‘Four Notes on Alexander’, Electrum 8 (Kraków): 35–47.Google Scholar
Whitehead, D. (1983) ‘Competitive outlay and community profit: philotimia in classical Athens’, Classica et Mediaevalia 34: 55–74.Google Scholar
Whitehead, D. (1986) The Demes of Attica, 508/7–c. 250 BC. Princeton.
Whitehead, D. (trs. and comm.) (1990) Aineias the Tactician, How to Survive under Siege. Oxford.
Whitehead, D. (1991) ‘Who equipped mercenary troops in classical Greece?’, Historia 40: 105–13.Google Scholar
Whitehead, I. (1987) ‘The periplous’, Greece and Rome 34: 178–86.Google Scholar
Whittaker, C. R. (1994) Frontiers of the Roman Empire: A Social and Economic Study. Baltimore.
Whittow, M. (1999) ‘Rome and the Jaffnids: writing the history of a sixth-century tribal dynasty’, in Humphrey, (1999) 207–24.
Wiedemann, T. (1983) ‘ἐλάΞiστOν … ‘ἐν τOĩς ἂρσ∊σi κλέOς”: Thucydides, women and the limits of rational analysis’, Greece and Rome 30: 163–70.Google Scholar
Wiedemann, T. (1986) ‘The Fetiales: a reconsideration’, Classical Quarterly 36: 478–90.Google Scholar
Wilkins, J., Harvey, D. and Dobson, M. (eds.) (1995) Food in Antiquity. Exeter.
Will, É. (1979–82) Histoire politique du monde hellénistique, 323–30 av. J-C., 2nd edn (2 vols.). Nancy.
Willetts, R. (1955) Aristocratic Society in Ancient Crete. London.
Williams, G. (1978) Change and Decline: Roman Literature in the Early Empire. Berkeley and Los Angeles.
Wilson, D. (2002) Ransom, Revenge and Heroic Identity in the Iliad. Cambridge.
Winter, F. E. (1971) Greek Fortifications. Toronto.
Winter, F. E. (1982) ‘A summary of recent work on Greek fortifications in Greece and Asia Minor’, in Leriche, and Tréziny, (1982) 23–9.
Wiseman, T. P. (1979) Clio’s Cosmetics: Three Studies in Greco-Roman Literature. Leicester.
Wiseman, T. P. (1981) ‘Practice and theory in ancient historiography’, History 66: 375–93.Google Scholar
Wood, E. M. (1988) Peasant-Citizen and Slave. London and New York.
Woodhead, A. G. (1960) ‘Thucydides’ portrait of Cleon’, Mnemosyne 13: 289–317.Google Scholar
Woodhouse, W. J. (1933) King Agis of Sparta and his Campaign in Arkadia in 418 bc. Oxford.
Woodman, A. J. and Martin, R. H. (1996) The Annals of Tacitus: Book 3. Cambridge.
Worley, L. A. (1994) Hippeis: The Cavalry of Ancient Greece. Boulder, Colo.
Zacharia, K. (2001) ‘The rock of the nightingale: Sophocles’ Tereus and kinship diplomacy’, in Budelmann, and Michelakis, (2001) 91–112.
Zhmodikov, A. (2000) ‘Roman Republican heavy infantrymen in battle (fourth–second centuries BC)’, Historia 49: 67–78.Google Scholar
Ziegler, K.-H. (1991) ‘Deditio und Fides im römischen Völkerrecht’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte (Romanistische Abteilung) 108: 279–85.Google Scholar
Ziegler, W. (1975) Symbolai und Asylia. Bonn.
Ziolkowski, A. (1990) ‘Credibility of numbers of battle captives in Livy, books XXI–XLV’, La parola del passato 45: 15–36.Google Scholar
Ziolkowski, A. (1993) ‘Urbs direpta, or how the Romans sacked cities’, in Rich, and Shipley, (1993b) 69–91.
Zlattner, M. (1997) Hannibals Geheimdienst im Zweiten Pünischen Krieg (Xenia 39). Constance.

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Bibliography
  • Edited by Philip Sabin, King's College London, Hans van Wees, University College London, Michael Whitby, University of Warwick
  • Book: The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare
  • Online publication: 28 March 2008
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521782739.020
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Bibliography
  • Edited by Philip Sabin, King's College London, Hans van Wees, University College London, Michael Whitby, University of Warwick
  • Book: The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare
  • Online publication: 28 March 2008
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521782739.020
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Bibliography
  • Edited by Philip Sabin, King's College London, Hans van Wees, University College London, Michael Whitby, University of Warwick
  • Book: The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare
  • Online publication: 28 March 2008
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521782739.020
Available formats
×