4 - Postwar politics, 1945–1973
from PART I - DOMESTIC POLITICS
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 March 2008
Edited by
Summary
Politics in modern society is both a cause and an effect of socioeconomic change. Sometimes it is possible to discern and trace the causal link between the two; that is, a specific political action is seen to cause a specific socioeconomic change, and vice versa. More often, however, the direction of the link is fuzzy and difficult to determine. A political action is seen to result from a set of socioeconomic conditions and in turn to bring about a new set of socioeconomic conditions. The relationship between politics and socioeconomic change in postwar Japan is no exception.
During the twenty-eight years between the summer of 1945 and the summer of 1973, the Japanese society and economy underwent an obvious and far-reaching transformation. On the other hand, politics appear to have changed little, in fact so little that a casual observer might have missed it completely. Upon closer examination, however, it becomes evident that politics, too, underwent a significant change during the period, in a close and complex relationship with the change in the society's socioeconomic conditions. The unstable multiparty pattern that prevailed during the first postwar decade yielded to a short-lived quasi-two-party system in the second half of the 1950s and then to a stable one-party-dominated multiparty regime in the 1960s and 1970s.
It is thus possible, in terms of both socioeconomic changes and shifts in the balance and alignment among the political parties, to divide these twenty-eight years into two distinctive periods.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The Cambridge History of Japan , pp. 154 - 214Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1989
References
. “Chihō jichi hō no kōzō”. in Senryōki Nihon no keizai to seiji, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1979.Google Scholar
. “Dai-43-dai: Higashikuni naikaku: Miyasama naikaku no shūsen shori. In Nihon naikaku shi roku. 5, ed.
and
. Tokyo: Daiichi hōki, 1981.Google Scholar
. “Dai-44-dai: Shidehara naikaku: ‘Minshu’ kaikaku no hajimari”. In Nihon naikaku shi roku, vol. 5, ed.
and-
Tokyo: Daiichi hōki, 1981.Google Scholar
. “Dai-45-dai: Dai-i-ji Yoshida naikaku: Shin kenpō taisei e no ikō”. In Nikon naikaku shi roku, vol. 5, ed.
and
. Tokyo: Daiichi hōki, 1981.Google Scholar
. “Senryō seisaku to kanryō no taiō”. in Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryōgun: Sono hikari to kage, ed.
, vol. 1. Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1978.Google Scholar
. “Senryō seisaku to jānarizumu.”. In Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryō, ed.
. Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1972.Google Scholar
, ed. Asahi shin-bun yoron chōsa no 30-nen: Nihonjin no seiji ishiki.
Tokyo: Asahi shinbunsha, 1976.
Asahi shinbunsha, Asahi nenkan, 1966, p. ;
. Asahi nenkan.
Tokyo: Asahi shinbunsha, annual.
. Hyakka binran (Asahi nenkan, 1969, appendix).
Tokyo: Asahi shinbunsha, 1969.
The Purge of Japanese Leaders Under the Occupation (University of California Publications in Political Science, vol. 8). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1959.
. “Gunju sangyō rōdōsha no haisen e no taiō”. In Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryō, ed.
. Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1972.Google Scholar
,
, and
Socialist Parties in Postwar Japan.
New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1966.
Japanese Blue Collar: The Changing Tradition.
Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1971.
Election Campaigning Japanese Style.
New York: Columbia University Press, 1971.
“Setting the Price of Rice: A Study in Political Decision making.” In Policymaking in Contemporary Japan, ed.
. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1977.Google Scholar
Empire and Aftermath: Yoshida Shigeru and the Japanese Experience, 1878–1954.
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1979.
Peace-Making and the Settlement with Japan.
Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1963.
. Gendai no “teishotokusō”, 3 vols. Tokyo: Miraisha, 1979–1980.
. Nihon no saitei chingin.
Tokyo: Nikkan rōdō tsūshinsha, 1972.
. “Nihonjin no hi-senryō kan”. In Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryō, ed.
. Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1972.Google Scholar
. Jiyū minshutō to seisaku kettei.
Tokyo: Fukumura shuppan, 1969.
“The Japanese Communist Party: The Miyamoto Line and Its Problems.” In The Many Faces of Communism, ed.
. New York: Free Press, 1978.Google Scholar
Party in Power: The Japanese Liberal-Democrats and Policy-making.
Canberra: Australian National University; Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1970.
. “Senryōka ni okeru ken'etsu seisaku to sono jittai”. In Senryōki Nihon no keizai to seiji, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1979.Google Scholar
,
“The Japanese Labor Market.” In Asia's New Giant: How the Japanese Economy Works, ed.
and
. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1976.Google Scholar
Japan Diary.
Tokyo: Tuttle, 1981.
Government Section, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, Political Reorientation of Japan, September 1945 to September 1948, vol. 2: Appendices, republished ed. (Grosse Pointe, Mich.: Scholarly Press, 1968), app. A.
Antitrust in Japan.
Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1970.
. “A Monarch for Modern Japan.” In Political Development in Modern Japan, ed.
. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1968.Google Scholar
. “Kinyū kikan tachinaoru”. in Shōwa keizai shi, ed.
. Tokyo: Nihon keizai shinbunsha, 1976.Google Scholar
. “Nihonjin no ishiki wa seitōshijibetsu ni dō chigau ka”. Nihonjin kenkyū No. 2 (Tokushū: Shijiseitōbetsu nihonjin shūdan), ed.
. Tokyo: Shiseidō, 1975.Google Scholar
. “Shaupu kankoku to zeisei kaikaku”. in Keizai kaikaku, vol. 7 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
, Japanese Foreign Policy and Domestic Politics: The Peace Agreement with the Soviet Union (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1969).
, ed. The Constitution of Japan: Its First Twenty Years, 1947–67.
Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1968.
. “Keisatsu seido no kaikaku”. In Seijikatei, vol. 3 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
. The Untold Story of Douglas MacArthur. New York: Devin-Adair, 1954.
. “Senryō shoki no sozei gyōsei'in”. In Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryōgun: Sono hikari to kage. ed.
. Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1978.Google Scholar
. “Sengo kaikaku to Nihon kanryōsei: Kōmuin seido no sōshutsu katei”. In Seiji katei, vol. 3 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
. “Gakureki kōZō no suisei bunseki”. In Nihon no kaisomacr; kōzō, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1979.Google Scholar
and
. “Shakaiteki chii no ikkansei to hi-ikkansei”. In Nihon no kaisō kōzō, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1979.Google Scholar
. Hyōden Yoshida Shigeru. 4 vols. Tokyo: Yomiuri shinbunsha, 1981.
, and
“Nōkyō: The Japanese Farmers’ Representative.” In Japan & Australia: Two Societies and Their Interaction. ed.
and
. Canberra: Australian National University Press, 1981.Google Scholar
. “Sengo kaikaku to soshiki oyobi shōchō”. In Kadai to shikaku, vol. 1 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
. Hoshu to kakushin no Nihonteki kōzō. Tokyo: Chikuma shobō, 1970.
. “Sengo seitōo no keisei katei” in Senryomacr;ki Nihon no keizai to seiji, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōky¯o daigaku shuppankai, 1979.Google Scholar
. “Senryōgun no tai-Nichi nōgyō seisaku” In Senryōki nihon no keizai to seiji. ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1979.Google Scholar
. Jiji nenkan. Tokyo: Jiji tsūshinsha, annual.
“Tenbō I: Kyōran doto no naka no seichō” I: In Sh¯owa keizai shi, ed.
. Tokyo: Nihon keizai shinbunsha, 1976.Google Scholar
. Kankyō hakusho
Tokyo: Ōkurashō insatsu kyoku, annual.
. “Nihonjin wa dono yō ni shite shijiseitō o kimeru ka”. In Tokushū: Shijiseitōbetsu Nihonjin shūdan, vol. 2 of Nihonjin kenkyū, ed.
. Tokyo: Shiseidō, 1975.Google Scholar
. Japan's American Interlude. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960.
“Chūnensō no shijiseitōbetsu seikatsu ishiki” In Nihonjin kenkyū no. 2 (Tokushū: shiji seitobetsu Nihonjin shōdan). ed.
Tokyo: Shiseidō, 1975.Google Scholar
. ed. Shotoku shisan bunpai no jittai to mondaiten: Shotoku bunpai ni kansuru kenkyūkai hōkoku. Tokyo: Ōkurashō insatsu kyoku, 1975.
. Kenpō seitei no keika ni kansuru shōiinkai hōkokusho. (Kenpō chōsakai hōkokusho fuzoku bunsho, no. 2). Tokyo: Kenpō chōsakai, July 1964.
. “Gunsei jidai no fūzoku”. In Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryō. ed.
. Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1972.Google Scholar
ed. Kokumin seikatsu tōkei nempō‘80 ‘80. Tokyo: Shiseidō, 1980.
“Opposition in Power: The Development and Maintenance of Leftist Government in Kyoto Prefecture.” In Political Opposition and Local Politics in Japan. ed.
,
, and
. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1980.Google Scholar
. “Kokutetsu rōso to Suzuki Ichizō ni miru senryōka rōdō undō”. in Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryō. ed.
. Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1972.Google Scholar
Shushō. hishokan
Tokyo: Bungei shun-jōsha, 1975.
. “Sengo kenpōgaku no riron kōsei”. In Seiji katei, vol. 3 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
“Political Socialization Through Citizen's Movement.” In Political Opposition and Local Politics in Japan, ed.
,
, and
. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press,1980.Google Scholar
. Gendai nihon no shinjō to ronri
Tokyo: Chikuma shobō, 1971.
“Yūkensha kōzō no hendō to senkyo”. In Nenpō seijigaku 1977 (55-nen taisei no seiritsu to hōkai: Zoku gendai Nihon no seiji katei)
55, ed.
. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1979.Google Scholar
. “Keisha seisan hōshiki”. In Shōwa keizai shi. ed,
. Tokyo: Nihon keizai shinbunsha, 1976.Google Scholar
. Saishō: Satō Eisaku. Tokyo: Hara shobō, 1980.
. “Kamitsuchi ni okeru seiji sanka: Ōsaka daitoshi ken o rei to shite,”. in Nen pō seijigaku 1974 (Seiji sanka no riron to genjitsu), ed.
. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1975.Google Scholar
Naigai senkyo dēta –. (‘78 Mainichi nenkan bessatsu) ‘78
Tokyo: Mainichi shinbunsha, 1978.
. “Sangyōka to kaisō kōzō no hendō”. In Hendōki no Nihon shakai, ed.
,
— and
. Tokyo: Nihon hōsō kyōkai, 1972.Google Scholar
. “Kaisō ishiki to kaikyū ishiki”. In Nihon no kaisō kōzō, ed.
—. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1979.Google Scholar
, ed. Gendai Nihonjin no ishiki kōzō (NHK Books, 344) NHK Tokyo: Nihon hōsō shuppankai, 1979.
. San Furanshisuko heiwa jōyaku, vol. 27 of Nihon gaiko shi, ed.
, Tokyo: Kajima kenkyūjo shuppankai, 1971.
. “Gyōsei katei ni okeru taikō undō: Jūmin undō ni tsuite no ichikōsatsu”. In Nenpō seijigaku 1974 (Seiji sanka no riron to genjitsu), ed.
Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1975.Google Scholar
. “Kaso to kamitsu no seiji gyōsei”. In Nenpō seijigaku 1977 (55 -nen taisei no keisei to hōkai: Zoku gendai Nihon no seiji katei), ed.
. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1979.Google Scholar
. Nihon rōdō nenkan, vol. 50. Tokyo: Rōdō junpōsha, 1979.
. Nihon no kaikyō kōsei. (Iwanami shinsho, no. 789). Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1971.
. “Nōchi kaikaku no rekishiteki igi”. In Nōchi kaikaku, vol. 6 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tokyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
, ed. Gendai Nihon no seiji katei.
Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1958.
. Sengo Nihon no rōdō undō, rev. ed. (Iwanami shinsho, no. 217). Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1961.
. “Hōsōhōsei no saihensei”. in Seiji katei, vol. 3 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
, III. Protest in Tokyo: The Security Crisis of 1960.
Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1966.
, ed. Nihonjin no kinrōkan
Tokyo: Shiseidō, 1974.
. “Iki fukikaesu zaikai”. In Shōwa keizai shi, ed.
. Tokyo: Nihon keizai shinbunsha, 1976.Google Scholar
Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis.
Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1976.
. Nihon no zeikin.
Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1979.
. Nihonkoku kenpō seiritsu shi, 2 vols. Tokyo: Yūhikaku, 1962, 1964.
The Japanese Communist Movement, 1920–1966.
Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1967.
. “Taigai kankei no kōzōhenka to gaikō”. In Nenpō seijigaku “977 (55-nen taisei no keisei to hōkai: Zoku gendai Nihon no seiji katei) 55—, ed.
. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1979.Google Scholar
. “Zaibatsu kaitai to shūchū haijo” In Keizai kaikaku, vol. 7 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
, ed. Shimane ken nōchi kaikaku shi. Hirata: Shimane ken, 1959.
. “Tsuihō kaijo o yōsei suru ronri”. In Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryō, ed.
. Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1972
Google Scholar
. Shūsenki. Tokyo: Kamakura bunko, 1948.
— and
. “Sengo kaikaku to seiji karuchā” –. In Kadai to shikaku, vol. 1 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tokyo daigaku shappankai, 1974–1975
Google Scholar
—. Gendai Nihon no bunka henyō: Sono seijigakuteki kōsatsu. Tokyo: Renga shobō, 1971.
, ed. Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryō kenkyu jiten (Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryōgun, ap pendix) Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1978.
and
, eds. Gikai seido shichijū-nen shi, vols. Tokyo: Ōkurashō insatsukyoku. 1960–1962.
. “Senkyo seido no kaikaku”. in Seiji vol. 3 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tokyo daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975
Google Scholar
Japan: Divided Politics in a Growth Economy. New York: Norton, 1975.
The Japanese Socialist Party and Neutralism: A Study of a Political Party and Its Foreign Policy. Carlton, Victoria, Australia: Melbourne University Press, 1968.
, and
. “Measuring Income Inequality.” In Income Distribution and Growth in the Less-Developed Countries, ed.
, and
. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1977.Google Scholar
. “Characteristics of Japanese Labor Markets.” Economic Development and Cultural Change
10 (January 1962):.Google Scholar
. “Taishū undō no tayōka to henshitsu”. In Nenpō seijigaku 1977 (55-nen taisei no keisei to hōkai: Zoku gendai nihon no seiji katei) 55—, ed.
. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1979.Google Scholar
and
. Tennōke no misshi tachi: “Hiroku senryō” to kōshitsumdash;. Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1981.
. “1949-nen rōdōhō kaisei zenshi: Senryō seisaku o chūshin to shite” 1949—. in Senryōki nihon no keizai to seiji, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1979.Google Scholar
. “Reddo pāji” —. in Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryōgun: Sono hikari to kage, vol. 1, ed.
. Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1978.Google Scholar
. Senryō sengo shi: Tai-Nichi kanri seisaku no z'enyō. Tokyo: Keisō shobō, 1980.
. “Rōdōryoku chōtatsu kikō to rōshi kankei”. in Kaikakugo no Nihon keizai, vol. 8 of Sewgo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
. “Kyū-rōdōkumiaihō no keisei to tenkai: Shoki rōdō iinkai no kinō bunseki o chūshin to shite”. in Rōdō seisaku, vol. 5 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
How the Conservatives Rule Japan. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1969.
. “Shakai kaisō to shakai idō no sūsei bunseki”. In Nihon no kaisō kōzō, ed.
–. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1979.Google Scholar
. “Sengo kaikaku to seiji katei”. In Seiji katei, vol. 3 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1945.Google Scholar
. “Yokohama kara no shōgen”’. In Kyōdō kenkyū: Nihon senryō, ed.
, Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1972.Google Scholar
Political Change in Japan. New York: McKay, 1977.
. “Masukomi jidai no tenkai to seiji katei”. In Nenpō seijigaku 1977 (55-nen taisei no keisei to hōkai: Zoku gendai Nihon no seiji katei)
55, ed.
. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1979.Google Scholar
. “Nōchi kaikaku katei to nōchi kaikaku ron”. in Nōchi kaikaku, vol. 6 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
. Nihon nōmin no henkan katei. Tokyo: Ochanomizu shobō, 1978.
, “Reflections on the Allied Occupation and Planned Political Change in Japan,” in Political Development in Modem Japan, ed.
(Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1958), chap. 13.Google Scholar
. “Dai 61 -dai: Dai 1 -ji Satō naikaku: ‘Kan'yō to nintai’ kara ‘kan'yō to chōwa’ e”. In Nihon naikakushi roku. vol. 6, ed.
. Tokyo: Daiichi hōki, 1981.Google Scholar
. “Dai 62-dai: Dai 2-ji Satō naikaku: Jūjitsu shita 3-nen kan”. In Nihon naikakushi roku, vol. 6, ed.
. Tokyo: Daiichi hōki, 1981.Google Scholar
. “Dai 63-dai: Dai 3-ji Satō naikaku: Gekidō no 70-nendai e no hashi watashi”. In Nihon naikakushi roku, vol. 6, ed.
. Tokyo: Daiichi hōki, 1981.Google Scholar
. “Nōchi kaikaku to sengo nōchihō”. in Nōchi kaikaku, vol. 6 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1945.Google Scholar
. “Sengo kaikaku to Nihon gendaihō”. In Kadai to shikaku, vol, 1 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
. “Shōchō tennōsei no seijiteki yakuwari”. In Tennōsei to minshū, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1976.Google Scholar
. “Kōdo seichō to keizai taikokuka no seiji katei”. in Nenpō seijigaku 1977 (55-nen taisei no keisei to hōkai: Zoku gendai nihon no seiji katei)
55. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1979.Google Scholar
The Sōkagakkai and Mass Society. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1970.
MacArthur: His Rendezvous with History. New York: Knopf, 1956.
. “Sōsetsu”. in Sengo nihon shōshi, vol. 1, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1958.Google Scholar
. Nihon no Nan'yō shikan. Tokyo: Chūō shinsho, 1979.
“The Evolution of Dualistic Wage Structure.” In Industrialization and Its Social Consequences, ed.
. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1976.Google Scholar
. “Sengo kazoku seido kaikaku to shinkazokukan no seiritsu”. In Kadai to shikaku, vol. 1 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
. “Senryō seisaku ni okeru fujin kaihō”. in Senryōki Nihon no keizai to seiji, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1979.Google Scholar
. “Toshi saikaihatsu to shimin sanka no seidoka”. In Nenpō seijigaku 1974 (Seiji sanka no riron to genjitsu), ed.
. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1975.Google Scholar
. “Nōchi kaikakuhō no rippō katei: Nōgyō keiei kibo mondai o chūshin to shite”. In Nōchi kaikaku, vol. 6 of Sengo kaikaku, ed.
. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1974–1975.Google Scholar
. Kaisō jūnen, 4 vols. Tokyo: Shinchōsha, 1957.
- 2
- Cited by