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  3. The Causes of Epilepsy
  • Cited by 40
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    • Publisher:
      Cambridge University Press
      Publication date:
      March 2012
      April 2011
      ISBN:
      9780511921001
      DOI:
      https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511921001
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      • Subjects:
      Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Medicine
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    Subjects:
    Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Medicine
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    Book description

    Causation is an aspect of epilepsy neglected in the scientific literature and in the conceptualization of epilepsy at a clinical and experimental level. It was to remedy this deficiency that this book was conceived. The book opens with a draft etiological classification that goes some way to filling the nosological void. The book is divided into four etiological categories: idiopathic, symptomatic, cryptogenic, and provoked epilepsies. Each chapter considers topics in a consistent fashion, dealing with the phenomenon of epilepsy in each etiology, including its epidemiology, clinical features and prognosis, and any specific aspects of treatment. The book is a comprehensive reference work, a catalogue of all important causes of epilepsy, and a clinical tool for all clinicians dealing with patients who have epilepsy. It is aimed at epileptologists and neurologists and provides a distillation of knowledge in a form that is helpful in the clinical setting.

    Reviews

    '… really very good. I am not aware of anything else that deals with the causes of epilepsy as succinctly and is as well organised and user friendly. This is the sort of book that one would dip into when faced with a particularly interesting or problematic case … should be on the bookshelf of everyone who investigates and manages people with epilepsy.'

    Professor Martin J. Brodie - Director, Epilepsy Unit, Western Infirmary, Glasgow

    'Most of the authors are world experts on the subjects, and I admire the energy and professional network required to assemble this impressive work … it will have a huge impact.'

    Source: The Lancet Neurology

    '… extremely comprehensive … fills a significant void in the epilepsy literature … The chapters are well written and address both basic pathogenic mechanisms and clinical diagnosis and management … This book fills a unique niche in the field of epileptology: it is the first to carefully and concisely address the varied etiologies. It is a very readable and comprehensive book that will be valued both by practising clinicians and by trainees and basic neuroscientists. It is an essential resource and should be on the bookshelf of any clinician caring for persons with epilepsy worldwide.'

    Source: Epilepsy and Behavior

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    Contents

    Page 5 of 5

    Contents
    • Chapter 110 - Afterword
      pp 767-770
    • View abstract

      Summary

      This chapter deals with epidemiology, pathology, clinical patterns and diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). It also discusses the treatment options for MS and provides a brief account of other acquired demyelinating diseases. MS is characterized clinically by two major patterns: relapsing-remitting neurological deficits and a progressive neurological deficit. The key diagnostic investigation in MS is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning, which is abnormal in 95 % of patients. The relationship of seizures to MS activity has been explored and most studies report that about one-third of seizures occur in the context of an acute relapse of MS, sometimes taking the form of focal status epilepticus, usually focal motor status. The treatment of multiple sclerosis falls into three broad categories: symptomatic treatment of the neurological complications of MS, treatment of acute relapses with high-dose corticosteroids, and the use of disease- modifying therapies, including beta-interferon, glatarimer acetate, natalizumab, and mitoxantrone.
    • Plate Section
    • View abstract

      Summary

      This chapter discusses the epidemiology, clinical features and the occurrence of epilepsy in hydrocephalus and porencephaly. The most common causes of antenatal hydrocephalus include malformations of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways or, more extensively, the brain, and abnormal events during pregnancy. Acute infantile hydrocephalus can manifest with lethargy, stupor, vomiting, and oculomotor nerve palsy. The relationship between epilepsy and hydrocephalus is complex. In most children hydrocephalus is part of a clinical picture usually characterized by several neurological disabilities, e.g., cerebral palsy, motor problems, and mental retardation; epilepsy can be one of the symptoms of this encephalopathy of varying etiology. Most porencephalic lesions involve both the gray and white matter. Multicystic encephalomalacia or multicystic encephalopathy is another term used to define multiple cavities that involve large parts of the cerebral hemispheres. Epilepsy also occurs in approximately 10-30 percentage of infants with porencephalic lesions.

    Page 5 of 5

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