On 1 January 2012, the Competition Act 2010 came into operation in Malaysia. The Malaysia Competition Commission (MyCC) has faced significant challenges educating Malaysia's small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) on the need to comply with this new law.

Despite petitioning to the contrary, the Malaysian Government did not exempt SMEs from application of the law. However, the MyCC has since adopted a helpful position to the small business sector in its guidelines. Agreements, other than serious cartels, entered into by businesses with low market shares are considered to not affect competition so the Act does not apply. It is likely that many agreements entered into by SMEs will benefit from these rules.

Most of the cases investigated by the MyCC to date have involved SMEs. In many cases, trade associations have facilitated the illegal arrangements. Notwithstanding the significant advocacy efforts of the MyCC, there is still a worryingly low awareness and understanding of the law. The MyCC has experienced substantial difficulties in disseminating information to the widespread, multilingual SME community. Even those businesses aware of the law have been slow to undertake compliance. Trade associations and business groups have a key role to play in helping SMEs to understand and comply with the law.

This chapter briefly explains the early policy considerations, examines the cases decided to date, and the advocacy work undertaken by the MyCC, and finally considers what more needs to be done to improve SMEs’ understanding of Malaysia's competition law.