Audio Signal Processing and Anti-aliasing Filters

Muzaffer Ahmad Siddiqi

doi:10.1017/9781108762632.013

12 - Audio Signal Processing and Anti-aliasing Filters

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 December 2019

Muzaffer Ahmad Siddiqi

Show author details

Muzaffer Ahmad Siddiqi: Affiliation:
Aligarh Muslim University, India

Book contents

Get access

Summary

Introduction

Two important areas of analog filter applications are included in this chapter: audio signal processing (ASP) and study of anti-aliasing/reconstruction (AA/ReF) filters.

In ASP, the frequency range of operation is from a few Hz to around 20 kHz. All the different types of filters, that is, LP (low pass), BP (band pass), HP (high pass), BE (band elimination) and AP (all pass) filters, can be used. Hence, in most applications, general purpose OAs (operational amplifiers) may be used while taking care of noise signals. Generally, order of the filters may not be very high; whereas, in AA/ReF, only LPFs are used for which the frequency range of operation depends on specific applications. Hence, the selection of OA is to be considered carefully. Order of the filter can also be high.

One of the major objectives in ASP is to improve audio signals employing different approaches. Section 12.2 discusses this aspect in terms of crossover networks and filters eliminating infrasonic and ultrasonic undesired signals. Section 12.3 discusses a specific case which addresses the unequal power output requirements of the satellite speaker and the subwoofer speaker system. Equalization using mid treble boost/cut and mid bass boost/cut, which are part of programmable equalizers are studied in Section 12.4. Section 12.5 takes up certain aspects of the Record Industry Association of America (RIAA) in brief. An application of phase approximated filters in ASP is explained in Section 12.6.

The essential nature of AA/ReF filters is described in Section 12.7 citing the example of a filter design for a 12-bit ADC. A detailed case is presented in Sections 12.8 and 12.9 showing the application of high frequency AA and ReF filters used in video signal processing.

Improvement in Audio Performance

Problems in the frequency response of audio systems and loudspeakers are resolved using active analog audio filters. Of course, the ways these filters are used depend on the required end result. For example, in some cases, filters are required to produce a response which is nearly the inverse of the response of the (say) loudspeaker or any other audio speaker. Hence, when the two responses are combined, it results in a nearly flat response.

Information

Type: Chapter
Information: Continuous Time Active Analog Filters
, pp. 360 - 397

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108762632.013 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Book purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

[12.1] Crump, Stephen. 2010. ‘Analog Active Audio Filter,’ Application Report, SLOA 152. US: Texas Instruments.Google Scholar

[12.2] Malchaire, J. 2001. ‘Sound Measuring Instruments,’ Occupational Exposure to Noise: Evaluation, Prevention and Control 125−140. who.int/occupational health/publication/noise 6.pdf.Google Scholar

[12.3] Texas Instruments. 2013. ‘AN-346 Higher-Performance Audio Applications of the LM 833,’ Application Report, SNOA 586D. US: Texas Instruments.

[12.4] Maxim Integrated. 2009. ‘Overview of 2.1 (Satellite/Subwoofer) Speaker Systems,’ Application Note 4046. CA, US: Maxim Integrated.

[12.5] LE8* Logic Controlled Equalizer Module-Operating Instructions, Patent No: 5,203,913, Lectrosonics, INC. Rio Rancho, NM 87174, USA 1996.

[12.6] Marc_Escobeam. 2014. ‘Professional RIAA Equalization with Analog Electronics’. https://www.instructables.com/id/RIAA-Equalization-with-analog-electronics/

[12.7] ON Semiconductors. 2005. ‘Audio Circuits Using the NE 5532/4,’ Application Note AND8177/D. Arizona, US: ON Semiconductors.

[12.8] Nicoletti, Robert. 2010. ‘Phase Delay Enhances 3D Audio,’ Application Note 4632. US: Audio Solution Group, Maxim Integrated Products Inc.Google Scholar

[12.9] Casey, M., W. G., Gardener, and S., Basu. 1995. Vision Steered Beam-Forming and Transaural Rendering for the Artificial Life Interactive Video Environment. Cambridge, MA: MIT Media Laboratory.Google Scholar

[12.10] Xie, Steven. 2016. ‘Practical Filter Design Challenges and Considerations for Precision ADCs,’ Analog Dialog 50−04.Google Scholar

[12.11] Kyu, M. T., Z. M., Aung, and Z. M., Naing. 2009. ‘Design and Implementation of Active Filter for Data Acquisition System,’ Proceedings of the International Multiconference of Engineers and Computer Scientists. IAENG.Google Scholar

[12.12] Baker, Bonnie. C. 1999. ‘Anti-Aliasing, Analog Filters for data Acquisition System,’ AN 699. Arizona, US: Microchip Technology.Google Scholar

[12.13] Houser, M. W., and P., Karantzalls. 2002. ‘A Digitally-Tuned Antialiasing/Reconstruction Filter Simplifies High Performance DSP Design,’ Design Note 276. CA: Linear Technology Corporation.Google Scholar

[12.14] Maxim Integrated Products. 2004. ‘A Reference Schematic 3172,’ Application Note 3172. CA, US:.

[12.15] Maxim Integrated Products. 2009. ‘Ultra-Small, Low-Cost, 210MHz, Single-Supply Op Amps with Rail-to-Rail Outputs,’ MAX4450/MAX4451 Data sheet. CA, US: Maxim Integrated Products Inc.

[12.16] Maxim Integrated Products. 2002. ‘5 MHz, 3-Pole, Low-Pass Filter Plus Video Line Driver for Consumer Video Applications,’ Application Note 1799. CA, US: Maxim Integrated Products Inc.

Accessibility standard: Unknown

Accessibility compliance for the PDF of this book is currently unknown and may be updated in the future.