Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-dnltx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T17:54:38.546Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2016

J. Kevin Corder
Affiliation:
Western Michigan University
Christina Wolbrecht
Affiliation:
University of Notre Dame, Indiana
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Counting Women's Ballots
Female Voters from Suffrage through the New Deal
, pp. 285 - 302
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2016

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abbott, Edith. 1915. “Are Women a Force for Good Government? An Analysis of the Returns in the Recent Municipal Election in Chicago.” National Municipal Review IV(July):437447.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aldrich, John H. 1993. “Rational Choice and Turnout.” American Journal of Political Science 37 (February):246278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, Florence E. 1930. “The First Ten Years.” The Woman’s Journal August:5–7, 30–32.Google Scholar
Allen, Frederick Lewis. 1957. Only Yesterday: An Informal History of the Nineteen-Twenties. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Alpern, Sara, and Baum, Dale. 1985. “Female Ballots: The Impact of the Nineteenth Amendment.” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 26(Summer):4367.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alt, James A. 1994. “The Impact of the Voting Rights Act on Black and White Voter Registration in the South.” In Quiet Revolution in the South: The Impact of the Voting Rights Act, 1965–1990, eds. Davidson, Chandler and Groffman, Bernard, 351377. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
American National Election Studies (ANES). 2010. Cumulative Data File, 1948–2008. Release Version: 20100624. June 24.Google Scholar
Andersen, Kristi. 1979. The Creation of a Democratic Majority, 1928–1936. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Andersen, Kristi. 1990. “Women and Citizenship in the 1920s.” In Women, Politics, and Change, eds. Tilly, Louise and Gurin, Patricia, 177198. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Andersen, Kristi. 1994. “Women and the Vote in the 1920s: What Happened in Oregon.” Women & Politics 14(4):4356.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andersen, Kristi. 1996. After Suffrage: Women in Partisan and Electoral Politics before the New Deal. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Andersen, Kristi. 2014. “Constructing a New Majority: The Depression, the New Deal, and the Democrats.” In The CQ Guide to U.S. Political Parties, eds. Hershey, Majorie R., Burden, Barry C., and Wolbrecht, Christina, 103115. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arceneaux, Kevin, and Nickerson, David W.. 2009. “Who Is Mobilized to Vote? A Re-Analysis of 11 Field Experiments.” American Journal of Political Science 53(January):116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arneson, Ben A. 1925. “Non-Voting in a Typical Ohio Community.” American Political Science Review 19(November):816825.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arneson, Ben A., and Eels, William H.. 1950. “Voting Behavior in 1948 as Compared with 1924 in a Typical Ohio Community.” American Political Science Review 44(June):432434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bagby, Wesley M. 1962. The Road to Normalcy: The Presidential Campaign and Election of 1920. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Baker, Paula. 1984. “The Domestication of Politics: Women and American Political Society, 1780–1920.” American Historical Review 89(June):620647.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banaszak, Lee Ann. 1996. Why Movements Succeed or Fail: Opportunity, Culture, and the Struggle for Woman Suffrage. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banaszak, Lee Ann. 2010. The Women’s Movement Inside and Outside the State. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Barnard, Eunice Fuller. 1928a. “Women Who Yield Political Power.” The New York Times Magazine (September 2):67, 23.Google Scholar
Barnard, Eunice Fuller. 1928b. “Women in the Campaign.” The Woman’s Journal 13(December):7ff.Google Scholar
Barnard, Eunice Fuller. 1928c. “The Woman Voter Gains Power.” The New York Times Magazine (12 August):12, 20, 28.Google Scholar
Beard, Mary R. 1946. Woman as Force in History: A Study in Traditions and Realities. New York: The Macmillan Company.Google Scholar
Beck, Paul Allen, and Jennings, M. Kent. 1991. “Family Traditions, Political Periods, and the Development of Partisan Orientations.” Journal of Politics 53(August):742763.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, Susan D. 1981. The Origins of the Equal Rights Amendment: American Feminism Between the Wars. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.Google Scholar
Beckwith, Karen. 1986. American Women and Political Participation: The Impacts of Work, Generations, and Feminism. New York: Greenwood Press.Google Scholar
Bensel, Richard Franklin. 2000. The Political Economy of American Industrialization, 1877–1900. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bensel, Richard Franklin. 2004. The American Ballot Box in the Mid-Nineteenth Century. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berelson, Bernard R., Lazarsfeld, Paul F., and McPhee, William N.. 1954. Voting: A Study of Opinion Formation in a Presidential Election. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Berinsky, Adam J. 2006. “American Public Opinion in the 1930s and 1940s: The Analysis of Quota-Controlled Sample Survey Data.” Public Opinion Quarterly 70(Winter):499529.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berinsky, Adam J., Powell, Eleanor Neff, Schickler, Eric, and Yohai, Ian Brett. 2011. “Revisting Public Opinion in the 1930s and 1940s.” PS: Political Science and Politics 44(July):515520.Google Scholar
Berman, David R. 1993. “Gender and Issue Voting: The Policy Effects of Suffrage Expansion in Arizona.” Social Science Quarterly 74(December):838850.Google Scholar
Blair, Emily Newell. 1925. “Are Women a Failure in Politics?” Harper’s Magazine 151(October):513522.Google Scholar
Blair, Emily Newell. 1926. “Men in Politics as a Woman See Them.” Harper’s Magazine 152(May): 703709.Google Scholar
Blair, Emily Newell. 1931. “Why I Am Discouraged About Women in Politics.” The Woman’s Journal January:2022.Google Scholar
Blakey, Gladys C. 1928. A Handy Digest of Election Laws. Washington, DC: League of Women Voters.Google Scholar
Bonk, Kathy. 1988. “The Selling of the ‘Gender Gap:’ The Role of Organized Feminism.” In The Politics of the Gender Gap: The Social Construction of Political Influence, ed. Mueller, Carol M., 82101. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar
Box-Steffensmeier, Jan, De Boef, Suzanna, and Lin, Tse-Min. 2004. “The Dynamics of the Partisan Gender Gap.” American Political Science Review 98(August):515528.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breckinridge, Sophonisba P. 1933. Women in the Twentieth Century: A Study of their Political, Social and Economic Activities. New York: MGraw-Hill Book Company.Google Scholar
Brewer, Mark D., and Stonecash, Jeffrey M.. 2009. Dynamics of American Political Parties. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, Courtney. 1988. “Mass Dynamics of U.S. Presidential Competitions, 1928–1936.” American Political Science Review 82(December):11531181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, Courtney. 1991. Ballots of Tumult: A Portrait of Volatility in American Voting. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bunche, Ralph J. 1973. The Political Status of the Negro in the Age of FDR. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burner, David. 1971. “Election of 1924.” In History of American Presidential Elections, 1789–1968, eds. Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. and Israel, Fred L., 24582581. New York: Chelsea House Publishers in Association with McGraw-Hill Book Co.Google Scholar
Burner, David. 1986. The Politics of Provincialism: The Democratic Party in Transition, 1918–1932, 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Burnham, Walter Dean. 1965. “The Changing Shape of the American Political Universe.” American Political Science Review 59(March):728.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burnham, Walter Dean. 1967. “Party Systems and the Political Process.” In The American Party Systems: Stages of Political Development, eds. Chambers, William Nesbit and Burnham, Walter Dean, 277307. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Burnham, Walter Dean. 1970. Critical Elections and the Mainsprings of American Politics. New York: W. W. Norton.Google Scholar
Burnham, Walter Dean. 1974. “Theory and Voting Research: Some Reflections on Converse’s ‘Change in the American Electorate.’” American Political Science Review 68(September):10021023.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burnham, Walter Dean. 1980. “The Appearance and Disappearance of the American Voter.” In Electoral Participation: A Comparative Analysis, ed. Rose, Richard, 3573. Beverly Hills, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar
Burnham, Walter Dean. 1981a. “The System of 1896: An Analysis.” In The Evolution of American Electoral Systems, eds. Kleppner, Paul, Burnham, Walter Dean, Formisano, Ronald P., Hays, Samuel P., Jensen, Richard, and Shade, William G., 147202. Westport CT: Greenwood Press.Google Scholar
Burnham, Walter Dean. 1981b. “Printed Sources.” In Analyzing Electoral History: A Guide to the Study of American Voting Behavior, eds. Chubb, Jerome M., Flanigan, William H., and Zingale, Nancy H., 4270. Beverly Hills, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar
Burnham, Walter Dean. 1986. “Those High Nineteenth-Century American Voting Turnouts: Fact or Fiction?” Journal of Interdisciplinary History XVI(Spring):613644.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burns, Nancy, Schlozman, Kay Lehman, and Verba, Sidney. 2001. The Private Roots of Public Action: Gender, Equality, and Political Participation. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butler, Sarah Schuyler. 1924. “Women Who Do Not Vote.” Scribner’s Magazine 76(November):529533.Google Scholar
Cain, Bruce E., Kiewiet, D. Roderick, and Uhlaner, Carole J.. 1991. “The Acquisition of Partisanship by Latinos and Asian Americans.” American Journal of Political Science 35(May):390422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, Angus. 1960. “Surge and Decline: A Study of Electoral Change.” Public Opinion Quarterly 24(Fall):397418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, Angus. 1964. “Voters and Elections: Past and Present.” Journal of Politics 26(November): 745757.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, Angus. 1966. “A Classification of the Presidential Elections.” In Elections and the Political Order, eds. Campbell, Angus, Philip E. Converse, and Donald E. Stokes, 63–77. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Campbell, Angus, Converse, Philip E., Miller, Warren E., and Stokes, Donald E.. 1960. The American Voter. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Campbell, Angus, Converse, Philip E., Miller, Warren E., and Stokes, Donald E.. 1966. Elections and the Political Order. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Campbell, David. 2008. Why We Vote: How Schools and Communities Shape Our Civic Life. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Campbell, James E. 1985. “Sources of the New Deal Realignment: The Contributions of Conversion and Mobilization to Partisan Change.” Western Political Quarterly 38(September):357376.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carroll, Susan J. 2006. “Voting Choices: Meet You at the Gender Gap.” In Gender and Elections: Shaping the Future of American Politics, eds. Carroll, Susan J. and Fox, Richard L., 7496. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Catt, Carrie Chapman. 1925. “What Women Have Done with the Vote.” The Independent 115(October 17):447448, 456.Google Scholar
Center for American Women and Politics (CAWP). 2014. “Fact Sheet: Gender Differences in Voter Turnout.” Center for American Women and Politics, Eagleton Institute of Politics, Rutgers University.Google Scholar
Chafe, William H. 1972. The American Woman: Her Changing Social, Economic, and Political Roles, 1920–1970. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Chaney, Carole Kennedy, Alvarez, R. Michael, and Nagler, Jonathan. 1998. “Explaining the Gender Gap in U.S. Presidential Elections, 1980–1992.” Political Research Quarterly 51:311339.Google Scholar
Cho, Wendy K. Tam, and Gaines, Brian J.. 2004. “The Limits of Ecological Inference: The Case of Split-Ticket Voting.” American Journal of Political Science 48(1):152171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Claggett, William. 1980. “The Life Cycle and Generational Models of the Development of Partisanship: A Test Based on the Delayed Enfranchisement of Women.” Social Science Quarterly 4(March):643650.Google Scholar
Claggett, William. 1982. “Life Cycle Model of Partisanship Development: An Analysis of Aggregate Electoral Instability Following the Enfranchisement of Women.” American Politics Quarterly 10(April):219230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clemens, Elisabeth S. 1993. “Organizational Repertoires and Institutional Change: Women’s Groups and the Transformation of U.S. Politics, 1890–1920.” American Journal of Sociology 98(January):755798.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clemens, Elisabeth S. 1997. The People’s Lobby: Organizational Innovation and the Rise of Interest Group Politics in the United States, 1890–1925. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Converse, Phillip E. 1964. “The Nature of Belief Systems in Mass Publics.” In Ideology and Discontent, ed. Apter, David, 206261. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Converse, Philip E. 1969. “Of Time and Partisan Stability.” Comparative Political Studies 2(July):139171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Converse, Philip E. 1972. “Change in the American Electorate.” In The Human Meaning of Social Change, eds. Campbell, Angus and Converse, Philip E., 263337. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Converse, Philip E. 1974. “Comment on Burnham’s ‘Theory and Voting Research.’” American Political Science Review 68(September):10241027.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Converse, Philip E. 1976. The Dynamics of Party Support: Cohort-Analyzing Party Identification. Beverly Hills, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar
Cook, Elizabeth Adell, and Wilcox, Clyde. 1991. “Feminism and the Gender Gap—A Second Look.” Journal of Politics 53:11111122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corder, J. Kevin. 2005. “Ecological Inference.” In Polling America: An Encyclopedia of Public Opinion, eds. Best, Samuel and Radcliff, Benjamin, 166170. Westport, CT: Greenwood.Google Scholar
Corder, J. Kevin, and Wolbrecht, Christina. 2006. “Political Context and the Turnout of New Women Voters After Suffrage.” Journal of Politics 68(February):3449.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cott, Nancy F. 1975. The Bonds of Womanhood: Woman’s Sphere in New England, 1790–1835. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Cott, Nancy F. 1987. The Grounding of Modern Feminism. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Cott, Nancy F. 1990. “Across the Great Divide: Women in Politics Before and After 1920.” In Women, Politics, and Change, eds. Tilly, Louise and Gurin, Patricia, 153176. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
CQ Press. 2010. Guide to U.S. Elections, 6th ed. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Crawford, William H. 1924. “A Big Woman Vote Seen by Mrs. Sabin.” The New York Times, 27 October, p. 8.Google Scholar
Crossley, Archibald M. 1937. “Straw Polls in 1936.” Public Opinion Quarterly 1(January):2437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Darmofal, David, and Nardulli, Peter F.. 2010. “The Dynamics of Critical Realignments: An Analysis of Time and Space.” Political Behavior 32:255283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Degler, Carl N. 1964. “American Political Parties and the Rise of the City: An Interpretation.” Journal of American History 51(June):4159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Douthat, Ross. 2012. “President in Shining Armor.” The New York Times, October 27.Google Scholar
DuBois, Ellen Carol. 1978. Feminism and Suffrage: The Emergence of an Independent Women’s Movement in America, 1848–1869. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
DuBois, Ellen Carol. 1998. Woman Suffrage and Women’s Rights. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Dugan, William E., and Taggart, William A.. 1995. “The Changing Shape of the American Political Universe Revisited.” Journal of Politics 57(May):469482.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duncan, Otis Dudley, and Davis, Beverly. 1953. “An Alternative to Ecological Correlation.” American Sociological Review 18:665666.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duverger, Maurice. 1955. The Political Role of Women. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).Google Scholar
Edwards, Rebecca B. 1997. Angels in the Machinery: Gender in American Party Politics from the Civil War to the Progressive Era. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Epstein, Lee, and Walker, Thomas G.. 1995. Constitutional Law for a Changing America: Institutional Powers and Constraints, 2nd ed. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Erie, Steven P., and Rein, Martin. 1988. “Women and the Welfare State.” In The Politics of the Gender Gap: The Social Construction of Political Influence. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar
Erikson, Robert S., and Tedin, Kent L.. 1981. “The 1928–1936 Partisan Realignment: The Case for the Conversion Hypothesis.” American Political Science Review 75:951962.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erwin, Marie H. 1946. Wyoming Historical Blue Book: A Legal and Political History of Wyoming, 1868–1943. Denver: Bradford-Robinson Printing Co.Google Scholar
Evans, Sara M. 1989. Born for Liberty: A History of Women in America. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Ferree, Karen. 2004. “Iterative Approaches to R x C Ecological Inference Problems: Where They Can Go Wrong and One Quick Fix.” Political Analysis 12:143159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Firebaugh, Glenn, and Chen, Kevin. 1995. “Vote Turnout of Nineteenth Century Women: The Enduring Effect of Disenfranchisement.” American Journal of Sociology 100(January):972996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fisher, Marguerite J. 1947. “Women in the Political Parties.” The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 251(May):8793.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flanagan, Maureen A. 1995. “The Predicament of New Rights: Suffrage and Women’s Political Power from a Local Perspective.” Social Politics 2(Fall):305330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flexner, Eleanor. 1959. Century of Struggle: The Women’s Rights Movement in the United States. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Freedman, Estelle. 1979. “Separatism as Strategy: Female Institution Building and American Feminism, 1870–1930.” Feminist Studies 5(Fall):512529.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, Jo. 2000. A Room at a Time: How Women Entered Party Politics. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Freidel, Frank. 1971. “Election of 1932.” In History of American Presidential Elections, 1789–1968, eds. Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. and Israel, Fred L., 27062806. New York: Chelsea House Publishers in Association with McGraw-Hill Book Co.Google Scholar
Fuchs, Lawrence H. 1955. “American Jews and the Presidential Vote.” American Political Science Review 49(June):385401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuchs, Lawrence H. 1971. “Election of 1928.” In History of American Presidential Elections, 1789–1968, eds. Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. and Israel, Fred L., 25842704. New York: Chelsea House Publishers in Association with McGraw-Hill Book Co.Google Scholar
Gamm, Gerald. 1986. The Making of the New Deal Democrats: Voting Behavior and Realignment in Boston, 1920–1940. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Gerber, Alan S., Green, Donald P., and Shachar, Ron. 2003. “Voting May Be Habit-Forming: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment.” American Journal of Political Science 47(July):540550.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerould, Katharine Fullerton. 1925. “Some American Women and the Vote.” Scribner’s Magazine 127(May):449452.Google Scholar
Gill, Jeff. 2002. Bayesian Methods: A Social and Behavioral Sciences Approach. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman and Hall.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillion, Daniel Q., Ladd, Jonathan M., and Meredith, Marc. 2015. “Party Polarization, Ideological Sorting, and the Emergence of the Partisan Gender Gap.” Georgetown University, Working Paper, July 2.Google Scholar
Gilmore, Glenda Elizabeth. 1996. Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896–1920. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Ginsberg, Benjamin, Lowi, Theodore J., and Weir, Margaret. 2009. We the People: An Introduction to American Politics. Shorter 7th ed. New York: W. W. Norton.Google Scholar
Glaser, William A. 1962. “Fluctuations in Turnout.” In Public Opinion and Congressional Elections, eds. McPhee, William N. and Glaser, William A., 1951. New York: The Free Press of Glencoe.Google Scholar
Goldstein, Joel H. 1984. The Effects of the Adoption of Woman Suffrage: Sex Differences in Voting Behavior Illinois, 1914–21. New York: Praeger.Google Scholar
Goodman, Leo. 1953. “Ecological Regressions and Behavior of Individuals.” American Sociological Review 18:663664.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, Felice D. 1986. After Winning: The Legacy of the New Jersey Suffragists, 1920–1947. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Gosnell, Harold F. 1927. Getting Out the Vote: An Experiment in the Stimulation of Voting. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Gosnell, Harold F. 1930. Why Europe Votes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Gosnell, Harold F. 1942. Grassroots Politics: National Voting Behavior of Typical States. Washington, DC: American Council on Public Affairs.Google Scholar
Gosnell, Harold F., and Gill, Norman N.. 1935. “An Analysis of the 1932 Presidential Vote in Chicago.” American Political Science Review 29(December):967984.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goss, Kirstin A. 2013. The Paradox of Gender Equality: How American Women’s Groups Gained and Lost Their Public Voice. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Gould, Louis L. 2003. Grand Old Party: A History of the Republicans. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
Gourevitch, Peter Alexis. 1984. “Breaking with Orthodoxy: The Politics of Economic Policy Responses to the Depression of the 1930s.” International Organization 38(Winter):95129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, Donald P., Palmquist, Bradley, and Schickler, Eric. 2002. Partisan Hearts and Minds: Political Parties and the Social Identity of Voters. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Green, Elna C. 1996. Southern Strategies: Southern Women and the Woman Suffrage Question. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Greenlee, Jill S. 2014. The Political Consequences of Motherhood. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greiner, D. James, and Quinn, Kevin. 2009. “R x C Ecological Inference: Bounds, Correlations, Flexibility, and Transparency of Assumptions.” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A 172:6781.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, Louis. 1954. Is There a Republican Majority? Political Trends, 1952–1956. New York: Harper & Brothers.Google Scholar
Harvey, Anna L. 1998. Votes Without Leverage: Women in Electoral Politics, 1920–1970. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hawley, George, and Sagarazu, Inaki. 2012. “Where Did the Votes Go? Reassessing American Party Realignments via Vote Transfers between Major Parties from 1860 to 2008.” Electoral Studies 31:726739.Google Scholar
Heard, Alexander, and Strong, Donald S.. 1950. Southern Primaries and Elections, 1920–1949. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Hicks, John D. 1960. Republican Ascendancy, 1921–1933. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Hillygus, D. Sunshine. 2005. “Campaign Effects and the Dynamics of Turnout Intention in Election 2000,” Journal of Politics 66(1):5068CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hofstadter, Richard. 1955. The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F.D.R. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Holbrook, Thomas M., and Van Dunk, Emily. 1993. “Electoral Competition in the American States.” American Political Science Review 87(December):955962.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huckfeldt, Robert, Beck, Paul Allen, Dalton, Russell J., and Levine, Jeffrey. 1995. “Political Environments, Cohesive Social Groups, and the Communication of Public Opinion.” American Journal of Political Science 29(November): 10251054.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huddy, Leonie, Cassese, Erin, and Lizotte, Mary-Kate. 2008. “Gender, Public Opinion, and Political Reasoning.” In Political Women and American Democracy, eds Christina Wolbrecht, Karen Beckwith, and Lisa Baldez, 3149. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huthmacher, J. Joseph. 1959. Massachusetts People and Politics, 1919–1933. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR). 1992. Historical, Demographic, Economic, and Social Data: The United States, 1790–1970 [Computer file]. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producer and distributor].Google Scholar
Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR). 1999. United States Historical Election Returns, 1824–1968 [Computer file]. 2nd ICPSR ed. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producer and distributor].Google Scholar
Jeffries, John W. 1979. Testing the Roosevelt Coalition: Connecticut Society and Politics in the Era of World War II. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.Google Scholar
Jennings, M. Kent, and Markus, Gregory B.. 1984. “Partisan Orientations over the Long Haul: Results from the Three-Wave Political Socialization Panel Study.” American Political Science Review 4(December):10001018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensen, Joan M. 1981. “‘Disenfranchisement is a Disgrace’: Women and Politics in New Mexico, 1900–1940.” New Mexico Historical Review 56(1):535.Google Scholar
Jensen, Richard. 1986. “The Changing Shape of Burnham’s Political Universe.” Social Science History 10(Fall):209219.Google Scholar
Johnston, Richard. 2006. “Party Identification: Unmoved Mover or Sum of Preferences?” Annual Review of Political Science 9:329351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, Jeffrey M. 2012. “Gender Gap in 2012 Vote Is Largest in Gallup’s History.” Gallup on-line www.gallup.com/poll/158588/gender-gap-2012- vote-largest-gallup-history.aspx (Accessed July 30, 2014).Google Scholar
Judd, Dennis R., and Swanstrom, Todd. 1994. City Politics: Private Power and Public Policy. New York: HarperCollins.Google Scholar
Kaufmann, Karen M. 2006. “The Gender Gap.” PS: Political Science and Politics 39(July):447453.Google Scholar
Kaufmann, Karen M., and Petrocik, John R.. 1999. “The Changing Politics of American Men: Understanding the Sources of the Gender Gap.” American Journal of Political Science 43:864887.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufmann, Karen M., Petrocik, John R., and Shaw, Daron R.. 2008. Unconventional Wisdom: Facts and Myths about American Voters. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kenton, Edna. 1924. “Four Years of Equal Suffrage.” Forum 72:3744.Google Scholar
Kerber, Linda K. 1976. “The Republican Mother: Women and the Enlightenment—American Perspective.” American Quarterly 28(Summer): 187205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kerber, Linda K. 1980. Women of the Republic: Intellect and Ideology in Revolutionary America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Kerber, Linda K. 1985. “The Republican Ideology of the Revolutionary Generation.” American Quarterly 37(Autumn):474495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kerber, Linda K. 1988. “Separate Spheres, Female Worlds, Woman’s Place: The Rhetoric of Women’s History.” Journal of American History 75(June):939.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kerber, Linda K., Cott, Nancy F., Gross, Robert, Hunt, Lynn, Smith-Rosenberg, Carroll, and Stansell, Christine M.. 1989. “Beyond Roles, Beyond Spheres: Thinking about Gender in the Early Republic.” William and Mary Quarterly 41(July):565581.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Key, V. O., Jr. 1949. Southern Politics in State and Nation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Key, V. O., 1955. “A Theory of Critical Elections.” Journal of Politics 17(February):318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Key, V. O., 1959. “Secular Realignment and the Party System.” Journal of Politics 21(May):198210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keyssar, Alexander. 2000. The Right to Vote: The Contested History of Democracy in the United States. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
King, Gary. 1997. A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Deconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
King, Gary, Rosen, Ori, and Tanner, Martin. 1999. “Binomial-Beta Hierarchical Models for Ecological Inference.” Sociological Methods and Research 28:6190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, Gary, Rosen, Ori, and Tanner, Martin, eds. 2004. Ecological Inference: New Methodological Strategies. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klein, Ethel. 1984. Gender Politics: From Consciousness to Mass Politics. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kleppner, Paul. 1982a. Who Voted? The Dynamics of Electoral Turnout, 1840–1940. New York: Praeger.Google Scholar
Kleppner, Paul. 1982b. “Were Women to Blame? Female Suffrage and Voter Turnout.” The Journal of Interdisciplinary History 12(Spring):621643.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klinghoffer, Judith Apter, and Elkis, Lois. 1992. “‘The Petticoat Electors’: Women’s Suffrage in New Jersey, 1776–1807.” Journal of the Early Republic 12(Summer):159193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kousser, J. Morgan. 1974. The Shaping of Southern Politics: Suffrage Restriction and the Establishment of the One-Party South, 1880–1910. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Kraditor, Aileen S. 1968. Up from the Pedestal: Selected Writings in the History of American Feminism. Chicago: Quadrangle Books.Google Scholar
Kraditor, Aileen S. 1981. The Ideas of the Woman Suffrage Movement, 1890–1920, 2nd ed. New York: W. W. Norton.Google Scholar
Ladd, Everett C. 1997. “Media Framing of the Gender Gap.” In Women, Media, and Politics, ed. Norris, Pippa, 113128. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ladd, Everett C., and Hadley, Charles D.. 1975. Transformation of the American Party System: Political Coalitions from the New Deal to the 1970’s. New York: W. W. Norton.Google Scholar
Lane, Robert E. 1959. Political Life: Why People Get Involved in Politics. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.Google Scholar
Lau, Olivia, Moore, Ryan T., and Kellerman, Michael. 2007. “eiPack: RxC Ecological Inference and Higher Dimension Data Management.” R News. 7:4347.Google Scholar
Lawson, Steven F. 1999. Black Ballots: Voting Rights in the South, 1944–1969. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Lazarsfeld, Paul R., Berelson, Bernard R., and Gaudet, Hazel. 1948. The People’s Choice. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Lebsock, Suzanne. 1993. “Woman Suffrage and White Supremacy: A Virginia Case Study.” In Visible Women: New Essays on American Activism, eds. Hewitt, Nancy A. and Lebsock, Suzanne, 61100. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Lemons, J. Stanley. 1973. The Woman Citizen: Social Feminism in the 1920s. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.Google Scholar
Lerner, Gerda. 1969. “The Lady and the Mill Girl: Changes in the Status of Women in the Age of Jackson.” Midcontinent American Studies Journal 10(Spring):515.Google Scholar
Leuchtenburg, William E. 1971. “Election of 1936.” In History of American Presidential Elections, 1789–1968, eds. Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. and Israel, Fred L., 28082914. New York: Chelsea House Publishers in Association with McGraw-Hill Book Co.Google Scholar
Lewinson, Paul. 1932. Race, Class, and Party: A History of Negro Suffrage and White Politics in the South. London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lewis, Jan. 1995. “‘Of Every Age Sex & Condition’: The Representation of Women in the Constitution.” Journal of the Early Republic 15(Fall):359387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lichtman, Allan J. 1979. Prejudice and the Old Politics: The Presidential Election of 1928. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Lippman, Walter. 1928. “Lady Politicians: How the Old-Fashioned Illusion That Women Would Redeem Politics Has Been Destroyed.” Vanity Fair 29(January):43, 104.Google Scholar
Lubell, Samuel. 1952. The Future of American Politics. New York: Harper & Brothers.Google Scholar
MacKay, Kenneth Campbell. 1947. The Progressive Movement of 1924. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
MacRae, Duncan Jr., and Meldrum, James A.. 1960. “Critical Elections in Illinois: 1888–1958.” American Political Science Review 54(September):669683.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mannheim, Karl. 1952. “The Problem of Generations.” In Essays on the Sociology of Knowledge, ed. Kecskemeti, Paul, 276322. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Mansbridge, Jane J. 1985. “Myth and Reality: The ERA and the Gender Gap in the 1980 Election.” Public Opinion Quarterly 49:164178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marilley, Suzanne M. 1996. Woman Suffrage and the Origins of Liberal Feminism in the United States, 1820–1920. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, Andrew D., Quinn, Kevin M., and Park, Jong Hee. 2011. “MCMCpack: Markov Chain Monte Carlo in R.” Journal of Statistical Software. 42(9):121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, Anne. 1925. “Feminists and Future Political Action.” The Nation 120(February 18):185186.Google Scholar
Matland, Richard E., and Murray, Gregg R.. 2012. “An Experimental Test of Mobilization Effects in a Latino Community.” Political Research Quarterly 65(1):192205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matthews, Glenna. 1992. The Rise of Public Woman: Woman’s Power and Woman’s Place in the United States, 1630–1970. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McConnaughy, Corrine M. 2013. The Woman Suffrage Movement in America: A Reassessment. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCormick, Anne O’Hare. 1928. “Enter Woman, The New Boss of Politics.” The New York Times Magazine October 21:3 and 22.Google Scholar
McCoy, Donald R. 1971. “Election of 1920.” In History of American Presidential Elections, 1789–1968, eds. Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. and Israel, Fred L., 23482455. New York: Chelsea House Publishers in Association with McGraw-Hill Book Co.Google Scholar
McDonagh, Eileen L., and Price, H. Douglas. 1985. “Woman Suffrage in the Progressive Era: Patterns of Opposition and Support in Referenda Voting, 1910–1918” American Political Science Review 79(2):415435.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGerr, Michael. 1990. “Political Style and Women’s Power, 1830–1930.” The Journal of American History 77(December):864885.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMichael, Lawrence G., and Trilling, Richard J.. 1980. “The Structure and Meaning of Critical Realignment: The Case of Pennsylvania, 1928–1932.” In Realignment in American Politics: Toward a Theory, eds. Campbell, Bruce A. and Trilling, Richard J., 2151. Austin: University of Texas Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McPhee, William N., and Ferguson, Jack. 1962. “Political Immunization.” In Public Opinion and Congressional Elections, eds. McPhee, William N. and Glaser, William A., 123154. New York: Free Press of Glencoe.Google Scholar
Merriam, Charles E. 1929. Chicago: A More Intimate View of Urban Politics. New York: The Macmillan Company.Google Scholar
Merriam, Charles E., and Gosnell, Harold F.. 1924. Non-voting: Causes and Methods of Control. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Mickey, Robert. 2015. Paths Out of Dixie: The Democratization of Authoritarian Enclaves in America’s Deep South, 1944–1972. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Miller, Warren E., and Shanks, J. Merrill. 1996. The New American Voter. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Minor v. Happersett. 1874. 88 U.S. 162.Google Scholar
Monoson, S. Sara. 1990. “The Lady and the Tiger: Women’s Electoral Activism in New York City before Suffrage.” Journal of Women’s History 2(Fall):100135.Google Scholar
Nardulli, Peter F. 1995. “The Concept of Critical Realignment, Electoral Behavior, and Political Change.” American Political Science Review 89(March):1022.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nardulli, Peter F. 2005. Popular Efficacy in the Democratic Era: A Re-examination of Electoral Accountability in the U.S., 1828–2000. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Neal, R. M. 2003. “Slice sampling.” (with discussion). Annals of Statistics 31: 705767.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nichols, Carole. 1983. “Votes and More for Women: Suffrage and After in Connecticut.” Women & History 5:192.Google Scholar
Nickerson, David W. 2008. “Is Voting Contagious? Evidence from Two Field Experiments.” American Political Science Review 102(February):4957.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niemi, Richard G., Powell, G. Bingham, Jr., Stanley, Harold W., and Evans, C. Lawrence. 1985. “Testing the Converse Partisanship Model with New Electorates.” Comparative Political Studies 18(October):300322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niemi, Richard G., Stanley, Harold W., and Evans, C. Lawrence. 1984. “Age and Turnout among the Newly Enfranchised: Life Cycle versus Experience Effects.” European Journal of Political Research. 12:371386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niemi, Richard G., and Weisberg, Herbert F.. 1984. “What Determines Turnout?” In Controversies in Voting Behavior, 2nd ed. eds. Niemi, Richard G. and Weisberg, Herbert F., 2333. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly.Google Scholar
Niven, David. 2001. “The Limits of Mobilization: Turnout Evidence from State House Primaries.” Political Behavior 23(December):335349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niven, David. 2004. “The Mobilization Solution? Face-to-Face Contact and Voter Turnout in a Municipal Election.” Journal of Politics 66(August):868884.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norrander, Barbara. 1999. “The Evolution of the Gender Gap.” Public Opinion Quarterly 63(Winter):566576.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ogburn, William F., and Goltra, Inez. 1919. “How Women Vote: A Study of An Election in Portland, Oregon.” Political Science Quarterly 34:413433.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ogden, Frederic D. 1958. The Poll Tax in the South. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Ogg, Frederic A., and Ray, R. Orman. 1932. Essentials of American Government. New York: The Century Co.Google Scholar
Omero, Margie, and McGuinness, Tara. 2012. “How Women Changed the Outcome of the Election.” Center for American Progress www.americanprogress.org/issues/women/report/2012/12/12/47916/how-women-changed-the-outcome-of-the-election/ (Accessed July 30, 2014).Google Scholar
O’Neill, William L. 1971. Everyone Was Brave: A History of Feminism in America. New York: Quadrangle.Google Scholar
Orren, Karen, and Skowronek, Stephen. 2004. The Search for American Political Development. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pateman, Carole. 1980. “Women, Nature, and the Suffrage.” Ethics 90(July): 564575.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pateman, Carole. 1994. “Three Questions about Womanhood Suffrage.” In Suffrage and Beyond: International Feminist Perspectives, eds. Daley, Caroline and Nolan, Melanie, 331348. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Patterson, Samuel C., and Caldeira, Gregory. 1983. “Getting Out the Vote: Participation in Gubernatorial Elections.” American Political Science Review 77(September):675689.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peel, Roy V. and Donnelly, Thomas C.. 1931. The 1928 Campaign: An Analysis. New York: Richard R. Smith.Google Scholar
Plummer, Martyn, Best, Nicky, Cowles, Kate, and Vines, Karen. 2006. “CODA: Convergence Diagnosis and Output Analysis for MCMC.” R News 6(1):711.Google Scholar
Plutzer, Eric. 2002. “Becoming a Habitual Voter: Inertia, Resources, and Growth in Young Adulthood.” American Political Science Review 96(March):4156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollock, James K. 1939. Voting Behavior. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Powell, G. Bingham, Jr. 1986. “American Voter Turnout in Comparative Perspective.” American Political Science Review 80(March):1743.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prindle, David F. 1979. “Voter Turnout, Critical Elections, and the New Deal Realignment.” Social Science History III(Winter):144170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raftery, Adrian E. 1995. “Bayesian Model Selection in Social Research.” Sociological Methodology 24:111163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rice, Stuart A., and Willey, Malcolm M.. 1924. “American Women’s Ineffective Use of the Vote.” Current History 20(July):641647.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robert, Christian A., and Casella, George. 2004. Monte Carlo Statistical Methods. 2nd ed. New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, William S. 1950. “Ecological Correlation and the Behavior of Individuals.” American Sociological Review 15:351357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, Edith Nourse. 1930. “Women’s New Place in Politics.” Nation’s Business 18:3941, 124.Google Scholar
Roosevelt, Eleanor. 1940. “Women in Politics” (Second of three articles). Good Housekeeping 110 (March):45ff.Google Scholar
Rosen, Ori, Jiang, Wenxin, King, Gary, and Tanner, Martin A.. 2001. “Bayesian and Frequentist Inference for Ecological Inference: The R × C Case.” Statistica Neerlandica 55(2):134156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenstone, Steven J., Behr, Roy L., and Lazarus, Edward H.. 1996. Third Parties in America: Citizen Response to Major Party Failure., 2nd ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Rosenstone, Steven J., and Hansen, John Mark. 1993. Mobilization, Participation, and Democracy in America. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Rossi, Alice S., ed. 1973. The Feminist Papers: From Adams to de Beauvoir. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Rubenstein, Sondra Miller. 1994. Surveying Public Opinion. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.Google Scholar
Rusk, Jerold G. 1970. “The Effect of the Australian Ballot Reform on Split Ticket Voting.” American Political Science Review 64(December):12201238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rusk, Jerold G. 1974. “Comment: The American Electoral Universe: Speculation and Evidence.” American Political Science Review 68(September):10281049.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, Charles Edward. 1924. “Is Woman-Suffrage a Failure?” The Century Magazine 35:724730.Google Scholar
Rymph, Catherine E. 2006. Republican Women: Feminism and Conservatism from Suffrage through the Rise of the New Right. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Sainsbury, Diane. 1999. “Beyond the ‘Great Divide’: Women in Partisan Politics before and after the Federal Suffrage Amendment.” Women & Politics 20(2):5980.Google Scholar
Salisbury, Robert H., and MacKuen, Michael. 1981. “On the Study of Party Realignment.” Journal of Politics 43:523530.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarvasy, Wendy. 1992. “Beyond the Difference versus Equality Policy Debate: Postsuffrage Feminism, Citizenship, and the Quest for a Feminist Welfare State.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 17(Winter):329362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scammon, Richard M., ed. 1965. America at the Polls: A Handbook of Presidential Election Statistics, 1920–1964. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar
Schantz, Harvey L. 1992. “The Erosion of Sectionalism in Presidential Elections.” Polity 24(Spring):355377.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schattschneider, E. E. 1960. The Semi-sovereign People. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.Google Scholar
Schuyler, Lorraine Gates. 2006. The Weight of Their Votes: Southern Women and Political Leverage in the 1920s. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, Anne Firor. 1964. “After Suffrage: Southern Women in the Twenties.” Journal of Southern History 30:298318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, Anne Firor. 1972. The Southern Lady: From Pedestal to Politics, 1830–1930. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Shapiro, Robert Y., and Mahajan, Harpreet. 1986. “Gender Differences in Policy Preferences: A Summary of Trends from the 1960s to the 1980s.” Public Opinion Quarterly 50:4261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shively, W. Phillip. 19711972. “A Reinterpretation of the New Deal Realignment.” Public Opinion Quarterly 35(Winter):621624.Google Scholar
Siegel, Reva B. 2002. “She the People: The Nineteenth Amendment, Sex Equality, Federalism, and the Family.” Harvard Law Review 115(February):9471046.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silva, Ruth C. 1962. Rum, Religion, and Votes: 1928 Re-examined. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar
Skocpol, Theda. 1992. Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skocpol, Theda. 1994. “The Origins of Social Policy in the United States: A Polity-Centered Analysis.” In The Dynamics of American Politics: Approaches and Interpretations, eds. Dodd, Lawrence C. and Jillson, Calvin, 182206. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Skocpol, Theda. 2003. Civic Engagement in American Democracy: From Membership to Management in American Civic Life. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.Google Scholar
Smith, Jean M. 1980. “The Voting Women of San Diego, 1920.” The Journal of San Diego History 26(Spring):133154.Google Scholar
Smith, Rogers M. 1997. Civic Ideals: Conflicting Visions of Citizenship in U.S. History. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Spain, Daphne. 2001. How Women Saved the City. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Stoker, Laura, and Jennings, M. Kent. 2008. “Of Time and Partisan Polarization.” American Journal of Political Science 52(July):619635.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stucker, John J. 1976. “Women’s Political Role.” Current History 70(May): 211214.Google Scholar
Sumner, Helen. 1909. Equal Suffrage: The Results of an Investigation in Colorado made for the Collegiate Equal Suffrage League of New York State. New York: Harper and Brothers.Google Scholar
Sundquist, James L. 1983. Dynamics of the Party System: Alignment and Realignment in the United States, rev. ed. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.Google Scholar
Swisher, Idella Gwatkin. 1933. “Election Statistics in the United States.” American Political Science Review 27(June):422432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tarbell, Ida M. 1924. “Is Woman’s Suffrage a Failure?” Good Housekeeping October:18.Google Scholar
Terborg-Penn, Rosalyn. 1978. “Discrimination against Afro-American Women in the Woman’s Movement, 1830–1920.” In The Afro-American Woman: Struggles and Images, eds. Harley, Sharon and Terborg-Penn, Rosalyn, 1727. Port Washington, NY: Kennikat Press.Google Scholar
Terborg-Penn, Rosalyn. 1998. African American Women in the Struggle for the Vote, 1850–1920. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Thelen, David P. 1976. Robert M. La Follette and the Insurgent Spirit. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company.Google Scholar
Tingsten, Herbert. 1937. Political Behavior. Totowa, NJ: Bedminster.Google Scholar
Titus, Charles H. 1976. Voting Behavior in the United States: A Statistical Study. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Toombs, Elizabeth O. 1929. “Politicians, Take Notice.” Good Housekeeping March:1415.Google Scholar
Tyler, Pamela. 1996. Silk Stockings & Ballot Boxes: Women & Politics in New Orleans, 1920–1963. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.Google Scholar
Unger, Nancy C. 2000. Fighting Bob LaFollette: The Righteous Reformer. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
US Census. 1912. Thirteenth Census of the United States: 1910. Population. Volumes I, II, and III. Washington, DC: United States Printing Office.Google Scholar
US Census. 1922. Fourteenth Census of the United States: 1920. Population. Volumes I, II, and III. Washington, DC: United States Printing Office.Google Scholar
US Census. 1932. Fifteenth Census of the United States: 1930. Population. Volumes I, II, and III. Washington, DC: United States Printing Office.Google Scholar
US Census. 1982. Current Population Reports, Population Characteristics, P-20. Voting and Registration in the Election of 1980. Washington, DC: United States Printing Office.Google Scholar
US Census. 1998. Current Population Reports, Population Characteristics, P20-504. Voting and Registration in the Election of 1996. Washington, DC: United States Printing Office.Google Scholar
Valelly, Richard M. 2004. The Two Reconstructions: The Struggle for Black Enfranchisement. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wakefield, Jon. 2004. “Ecological inference for 2 × 2 tables (with discussion).” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 167:385445.Google Scholar
Wanat, John. 1979. “The Application of Non-Analytic, Most Possible Estimation Technique: The Relative Impact of Mobilization and Conversion of Votes in the New Deal.” Political Methodology 6(3):357374.Google Scholar
Weed, Clyde P. 1994. The Nemesis of Reform: The Republican Party during the New Deal. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Wells, Marguerite M. 1929. “Some Effects of Woman Suffrage.” The Annals of the American Academy 143:207216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Welter, Barbara. 1966. “The Cult of True Womanhood: 1820–1860.” American Quarterly 18(Summer):151174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wheeler, Marjorie Spruill. 1993. New Women of the New South: The Leaders of the Woman Suffrage Movement in the Southern States. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wheeler, Marjorie Spruill. 1995. One Woman, One Vote: Rediscovering the Woman Suffrage Movement. Troutdale, OR: NewSage Press.Google Scholar
Wilkerson-Freeman, Sarah. 2002. “The Second Battle for Woman Suffrage: Alabama White Women, the Poll Tax, and V.O. Key’s Master Narrative of Southern Politics.” Journal of Southern History 68(May):333374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkerson-Freeman, Sarah. 2003. “Stealth in the Political Arsenal of Southern Women: A Retrospective for the Millennium.” In Southern Women at the Millennium: A Historical Perspective, eds. Melissa Walker, Jeanette R. Dunn, and Joe P. Dunn, 42–82. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press.Google Scholar
Willey, Malcolm, M., and Rice, Stuart A.. 1924. “A Sex Cleavage in the Presidential Election of 1920.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 19: 519520.Google Scholar
Wirls, Daniel. 1986. “Reinterpreting the Gender Gap.” Public Opinion Quarterly 50(Autumn):316330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolbrecht, Christina. 2000. The Politics of Women’s Rights: Parties, Positions, and Change. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Wolfinger, Raymond E., and Rosenstone, Steven J.. 1980. Who Votes? New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Wong, Janelle S. 2000. “The Effects of Age and Political Exposure on the Development of Party Identification among Asian American and Latino Immigrants in the United States.” Political Behavior 22(4):341371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, Louise M. 1975. “Women’s Place in American Politics: The Historical Perspective.” Journal of Politics (200 Years of the Republic in Retrospect: A Special Bicentennial Issue) 38(August):295335.Google Scholar
Young, Louise M. 1989. In the Public Interest: The League of Women Voters, 1920–1970. New York: Greenwood Press.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • References
  • J. Kevin Corder, Western Michigan University, Christina Wolbrecht, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
  • Book: Counting Women's Ballots
  • Online publication: 05 May 2016
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316492673.011
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • References
  • J. Kevin Corder, Western Michigan University, Christina Wolbrecht, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
  • Book: Counting Women's Ballots
  • Online publication: 05 May 2016
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316492673.011
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • References
  • J. Kevin Corder, Western Michigan University, Christina Wolbrecht, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
  • Book: Counting Women's Ballots
  • Online publication: 05 May 2016
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316492673.011
Available formats
×