References
Abdeslam, A. (2021). Muslims and immigrants in the populist discourse of the French party Rassemblement National and its leader on Twitter. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 41(1), 46–61.
Agustin, O. (2019). Building left-wing populism in Denmark moving far away from the right. In Zienkowski, J., & Breeze, R., (Ed.), Imagining the peoples of Europe: Populist discourses across the political spectrum. (Vol. 83, pp. 149–171). Amsterdam Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Akkerman, T., & Rooduijn, M. (2015). Pariahs or partners? Inclusion and exclusion of radical right parties and the effects on their policy positions. Political Studies, 63(5), 1140–1157.
Angouri, J., & Wodak, R. (2014). ‘They became big in the shadow of the crisis’: The Greek success story and the rise of the far right. Discourse & Society, 25(4), 540–565.
Arroyo Menéndez, M. (2020). Las causas del apoyo electoral a VOX en España. Política y Sociedad, 57(3), 693–717.
Askola, H. (2019). Wind from the North, don‘t go forth? Gender equality and the rise of populist nationalism in Finland. European Journal of Womens Studies, 26(1), 54–69.
Aslanidis, P. (2016). Is populism an ideology? A refutation and a new perspective. Political Studies, 64, 88–104.
Ballester Rodríguez, M. (2021). Vox y el uso de la historia: El relato del pasado remoto de España como instrumento político. Política y Sociedad, 58(2).
Ballester Rodríguez, M. (2023). Historia y guerra cultural en Vox. In Badallo, Jesús María Casquete (Ed.), Vox frente a la historia. (pp. 15–24). Tres Cantos: Akal D.L.
Bar-On, T., & Molas, B. (Eds.). (2021). The right and radical right in the Americas: Ideological currents from interwar Canada to contemporary Chile. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
Barria Asenjo, N. A., Aguilera Hunt, R., Cabrera Sánchez, J., Letelier Soto, A., & Pinochet Mendoza, N. A. (2022). Ascenso de los discursos de extrema derecha en Chile: una aproximación desde la teoría crítica. Guillermo de Ockham: Revista científica, 20(2), 315–331.
Barrio, A., De Oger, S., & Field, B. (2021). Vox Spain: The organisational challenges of a new radical right Party. Politics and Governance, 9(4), 240–251.
Barrio, T. (2021). Populism in the 2019 general elections. Analysis of the speeches by the three right-wing candidates on Twitter. Communication & Society-Spain, 34(1), 123–141.
Bastow, S. (2019). The discourse of 19th-century French liberal socialism. Journal of Political Ideologies, 24(1), 93–112.
Bell, A. (1984). Language style as audience design. Language in Society, 13(2), 145–204.
Bernhard, L., & Kriesi, H. (2019). Populism in election times: A comparative analysis of 11 countries in Western Europe. West European Politics, 42(6), 1188–1208.
Björktomta, S. B. (2019). Honor-based violence in Sweden–Norms of honor and chastity. Journal of Family Violence, 34(5), 449–460.
Block, E. (2022). Disruptive discourse, populist communication and democracy: The cases of Hugo Chávez and Donald J. Trump. New York: Routledge.
Blofield, M. (2006). The politics of moral sin: Abortion and divorce in Spain, Chile and Argentina. New York: Routledge.
Boatright, R. G. (Ed.). (2019). A crisis of civility? Political discourse and its discontents. New York: Routledge.
Bobba, G., & McDonnell, D. (2016). Different types of right-wing populist discourse in government and opposition: The case of Italy. South European Society and Politics, 21(3), 281–299.
Bolin, N., Liden, G., & Nyhlen, J. (2014). Do anti-immigration parties matter? The case of the Sweden Democrats and local refugee policy. Scandinavian Political Studies, 37(3), 323–343.
Bonikowski, B. (2017). Ethno-nationalist populism and the mobilization of collective resentment. British Journal of Sociology, 68, 181–213.
Bonikowski, B., & Gidron, N. (2019). Populism in Legislative Discourse: Evidence from the European Parliament, 1999–2004. Working Paper.
Borges, A. (2021). Authoritarian inheritance, political conflict and conservative party institutionalisation: The cases of Chile and Brazil. Journal of Latin American Studies, 53(4), 767–793.
Braouezec, K. (2016). Identifying common patterns of discourse and strategy among the new extremist movements in Europe: The case of the English defence league and the bloc identitaire. Journal of Intercultural Studies, 37(6), 637–648.
Budge, I. (2015). Political parties: Manifestoes. In Wright, James D. (Ed.), International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences. (pp. 417–420). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Budge, I., Robertson, David, & Hearl, D. (Eds.). (1987). Ideology, strategy, and party change: spatial analyses of post-war election programmes in 19 democracies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bull, P., & Simon-Vandenbergen, A. (2014). Equivocation and doublespeak in far right-wing discourse: An analysis of Nick Griffin’s performance on BBC’s Question Time. Text & Talk, 34(1), 1–22.
Burke, S., Diba, P., & Antonopoulos, G. (2020). ‘You sick, twisted messes’: The use of argument and reasoning in Islamophobic and anti-Semitic discussions on Facebook. Discourse & Society, 31(4), 374–389.
Cagé, J., & Piketty, T. (2023). Une histoire du conflit politique. Élections et inégalités sociales en France, 1989–2022. Paris: Seuil.
Caiani, M., & Della Porta, D. (2011). The elitist populism of the extreme right: A frame analysis of extreme right-wing discourses in Italy and Germany. Acta Politica, 46(2), 180–202.
Camargo Fernández, L. (2021). El nuevo orden discursivo de la extrema derecha española: De la deshumanización a los bulos en un corpus de tuits de Vox sobre la inmigración. Cultura, Lenguaje y Representación = Culture, Language and Representation: Revista de Estudios Culturales de La Universitat Jaume I = Cultural Studies Journal of Universitat Jaume I, 26, 63–82.
Cammaerts, B. (2022). The abnormalisation of social justice: The ‘anti-woke culture war’ discourse in the Uk. Discourse & Society, 33(6), 730–743.
Cap, P., & Okulska, U. (Eds.). (2013). Analyzing genres in political communication. Theory and practice. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Cárdenas-Neira, C., & Pérez-Arredondo, C. (2021). Polarization and the educational conflict: A linguistic and multimodal approach to the discursive (re)construction of the Chilean student movement in the mainstream media and Facebook. In López, E. Morales, Llamas, L. Filardo, & Floyd, A. (Eds.), Discursive approaches to socio-political polarization and conflict (pp. 174–191). London: Routledge.
Caro, I., & Quitral Rojas, M. (2023). La nueva derecha radical chilena en el contexto internacional: auge e ideología. Política y sociedad, 60(1), 1–16.
Castro Martínez, P., & Mo Groba, D. (2020). El issue de la inmigración en los votantes de VOX en las Elecciones Generales de noviembre de 2019. RIPS: Revista de Investigaciones Políticas y Sociológicas, 19(1), 39–58.
Cervi, L., Tejedor, S., & Villar, M. (2023). Twitting against the enemy: Populist radical right parties discourse against the (political) ‘other’. Politics and Governance, 11(2), 235–248.
Charalambous, G., & Ioannou, G. (Eds.). (2019). Left radicalism and populism in Europe. London: Routledge.
Darian-Smith, E. (2023). Deadly global alliance: Antidemocracy and anti-environmentalism. Third World Quarterly, 44(2), 284–299.
De Lange, S., & Mugge, L. (2015). Gender and right-wing populism in the low countries: Ideological variations across parties and time. Patterns of Prejudice, 49(1–2), 61–80.
Dekker, P., Boonstoppel, E., Hurenkamp, M., Middendorp, I., & Tonkens, E. (2020). Dealen met de grote wereld: Globalisering in de publieke opinie en op het werk. The Hague: Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau.
Diaz, C., Kaltwasser, C., & Zanotti, L. (2023). The arrival of the populist radical right in Chile Jose Antonio Kast and the ‘Partido Republicano’. Journal of Language and Politics, 22(3), 342–359.
Dietze, G., & Roth, J. (Eds.). (2020). Right-wing populism and gender: European perspectives and beyond. Bielefeld: Transcript.
Eckert, P., & Rickford, J. R. (Eds.). (2001). Style and sociolinguistic variation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Edwards, G. (2012). A comparative discourse analysis of the construction of ‘in-groups’ in the 2005 and 2010 manifestos of the British National Party. Discourse & Society, 23(3), 245–258.
Ekman, M., & Krzyzanowski, M. (2021). A populist turn? News editorials and the recent discursive shift on immigration in Sweden. Nordicom Review, 42, 67–87.
Ekström, M., Patrona, M., & Thornborrow, J. (2018). Right-wing populism and the dynamics of style: A discourse-analytic perspective on mediated political performances. Palgrave Communications, 4(1), 1–11.
Elgenius, G., & Rydgren, J. (2017). The Sweden Democrats and the ethno-nationalist rhetoric of decay and betrayal. Sociologisk Forskning, 54(4), 353–358.
Elgenius, G., & Rydgren, J. (2019). Frames of nostalgia and belonging: The resurgence of ethno-nationalism in Sweden. European Societies, 21(4), 583–602.
Engstrom, R., & Paradis, C. (2015). The in-group and out-groups of the British National Party and the UK Independence Party a corpus-based discourse-historical analysis. Journal of Language and Politics, 14(4), 501–527.
Farre, J. (2017). The rhetoric of the extreme in the Chilean far right. Hallazgos-Revista de Invesitigaciones, 14(27), 19–41.
Feldman, O. (Ed.). (2023). Debasing political rhetoric: Dissing opponents, journalists, and minorities in populist leadership communication. Cham: Springer.
Feldman, M., & Jackson, P. (Eds.). (2014). Doublespeak: The rhetoric of the radical right since 1945. Stuttgart: Ibidem-Verlag.
Fernández Riquelme, P. (2020). Identidad y nostalgia: El discurso de vox a través de tres eslóganes. SABIR: International Bulletin Of Applied Linguistics, 1(2), 77–114.
Fernández Sánchez, G. (2019). España: VOX, ¿arcaísmo o modernidad? In Donne, F. Delle & Jerez, A. (Eds.), Epidemia ultra: La ola reaccionaria que contagia a Europa (pp. 95–109). Berlín?: Andreu Jerez.
Ferreira, C. (2019). Vox como representante de la derecha radical en España: Un estudio sobre su ideología. Revista Española de Ciencia Política, 51, 73–98.
Flesher Fominaya, C. (2020). Democracy reloaded: Inside Spain’s political laboratory from 15-M to Podemos. New York: Oxford University Press.
Forchtner, B. (Ed.). (2020). The radical right and the environment: Politics, discourse and communication. London: Routledge.
Forchtner, B., & Ozvatan, O. (2022). De/legitimising Europe through the performance of crises the far-right alternative for Germany on ‘climate hysteria’ and ‘corona hysteria’. Journal of Language and Politics, 21(2), 208–232.
Garrido Rubia, A., & Mora, A. (2020). Populismo y extrema derecha: El discurso de VOX. In Jaráiz, E., Gulías, A. Cazorla Martín, & López, M. Pereira (Eds.), El auge de la extrema derecha en España (pp. 349–382). Valencia?: Tirant lo Blanch.
González Fuentes, J. A. (2017). La retórica de lo extremo en la ultraderecha chilena. Hallazgos, revista de investigaciones, 14(27), 19–41.
Harrison, S., & Bruter, M. (2011). Mapping extreme right ideology: An empirical geography of the European extreme right. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hidalgo Tenorio, E., Benitez-Castro, M. A., & De Cesare, F. (Eds.). (2019). Populist discourse: Critical approaches to contemporary politics. London: Routledge.
Hilhorst, S., & Hermes, J. (2016). ‘We have given up so much’: Passion and denial in the Dutch Zwarte Piet (Black Pete) controversy. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 19(3), 218–233.
Hutton, C. (2017). Racial ideology as elite discourse: Nordicism and the visual in an age of mass culture. Social Semiotics, 27(3), 335–347.
Jagers, J., & Walgrave, S. (2007). Populism as political communication style: An empirical study of political parties’ discourse in Belgium. European Journal of Political Research, 46(3), 319–345.
Keil, A. (2020). ‘We need to rediscover our manliness …’ the language of gender and authenticity in German right-wing populism. Journal of Language and Politics, 19(1), 107–124.
Kelsey, D. (2016). Hero mythology and right-wing populism: A discourse-mythological case study of Nigel Farage in the mail online. Journalism Studies, 17(8), 971–988.
Kopytowska, M. W. (Ed.). (2017). Contemporary discourses of hate and radicalism across space and genres. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Koller, V. et al. (2023). Voices of supporters: Populism, social media and the 2019 European elections (Discourse approaches to politics, society and culture 101). Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Kottig, M. (2016). Gender and radical right politics in Europe. New York: Macmillan.
Kumarasingham, H. (Ed.). (2020). Liberal ideals and the politics of decolonisation. Routledge.
Laclau, E. (2005). On populist reason. London: Verso.
Lamour, C. (2022). Orban Urbi et Orbi: Christianity as a nodal point of radical-right populism. Politics and Religion, 15(2), 317–343.
Laube, S. (2020). The adapted position: Preparing political contents for a hybrid media environment. Media Culture & Society, 42(2), 155–171.
Leezenberg, M. (2015). Discursive violence and responsibility: Notes on the pragmatics of Dutch populism. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict, 3(1), 200–228.
Lemmens, K. (2017). The dark side of ‘Zwarte Piet’: A misunderstood tradition or racism in disguise? A legal analysis. International Journal of Human Rights, 21(2), 120–141.
Macaulay, M. (Ed.). (2019). Populist discourse: International perspectives. Cham: Springer.
March, L. (2017). Left and right populism compared: The British case. British Journal of Politics & International Relations, 19(2), 282–303.
Mudde, C. (2000). Ideology of the extreme right. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Mudde, C. (2010). The Populist radical right: A pathological normalcy. West European Politics, 33(6), 1167–1186.
Mudde, C. (2014). Fighting the system? Populist radical right parties and party system change. Party Politics, 20(2), 217–226.
Mudde, C. (2019). The radical right today. London: Routledge.
Mudde, C. (Ed.). (2017). The populist radical right: A reader. London: Routledge.
Mudde, C., & Rovira Kaltwasser, C. (2017). Populism: A very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mudde, C., & Rovira Kaltwasser, C. (2018): Studying populism in comparative perspective: Reflections on the contemporary and future research agenda. Comparative Political Studies, 51(13), 1667–1693.
Muis, J., & Immerzeel, T. (2017). Causes and consequences of the rise of populist radical right parties and movements in Europe. Current Sociology, 65(6), 909–930.
Musolff, A. (2022). Fake conspiracy: Trump’s anti-Chinese ‘COVID-19-as-war’ scenario. In Demata, M., Zorzi, V., & Zottola., A. (Eds.), Conspiracy theory discourses. (pp. 121–139). Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Norris, P., & Inglehart, R. (2018). Cultural backlash: Trump, Brexit, and the rise of authoritarian-populism. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Olmeda Gómez, J. A. (2020). VOX. Entre el liberalismo conservador y la derecha identitaria. Revista Española de Ciencia Política, 54, 175–182.
Oztig, L. (2023). Islamophobic discourse of European right-wing parties: A narrative policy analysis. Social Currents, 10(3), 225–244.
Palacios-Valladares, I. (2020). Chile’s 2019 October protests and the student movement: Eventful mobilization? Revista de Ciencia Politica, 40(2), 215–234.
Pallarés-Navarro, S., & Zugasti, R. (2022). Santiago Abascal’s Twitter and Instagram strategy in the 10 November 2019 General Election Campaign: A populist approach to discourse and leadership? Communication & Society, 35(2), 53–69.
Pascale, C. (2019). The weaponization of language: Discourses of rising right-wing authoritarianism. Current Sociology, 67(6), 898–917.
Prothero, S. R. (2016). Why liberals win the culture wars (even when they lose elections): The battles that define America from Jefferson’s heresies to gay marriage. New York: HarperOne, an imprint of HarperCollins.
Rama, J., Zanotti, L., Turnbull-Dugarte, S. J., & Santana, A. (2021). VOX: The rise of the Spanish populist radical right. London: Routledge.
Ravndal, J. (2018). Right-wing terrorism and militancy in the Nordic countries: A comparative case study. Terrorism and political violence, 30(5), 772–792.
Rheindorf, M., & Wodak, R. (Eds.). (2019). Sociolinguistic perspectives on migration control: Language policy, identity and belonging. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Multilingual Matters.
Rodenberg, J., & Wagenaar, P. (2016). Essentializing ‘Black Pete’: Competing narratives surrounding the Sinterklaas tradition in the Netherlands. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 22(9), 716–728.
Rooduijn, M. (2014a). The nucleus of populism: In search of the lowest common denominator. Government and Opposition, 49(4), 572–598.
Rooduijn, M. (2014b). Vox populismus: A populist radical right attitude among the public? Nations and Nationalism, 20(1), 80–92.
Rooduijn, M. (2019). State of the field: How to study populism and adjacent topics? A plea for both more and less focus. European Journal of Political Research, 58, 362–372.
Rooduijn, M., & Akkerman, T. (2017). Flank attacks: Populism and left-right radicalism in Western Europe. Party Politics, 23(3), 193–204.
Rooduijn, M., Bonikowski, B., & Parlevliet, J. (2021). Populist and nativist attitudes: Does ingroup/outgroup thinking spill over across domains? European Union Politics, 22(2), 248–265.
Rooduijn, M., & Van Kessel, S. (2019). Populism and Euroskepticism in the European Union. In Laursen, F. (Ed.), Oxford Encyclopedia of European Union Politics. Oxford University Press.
Rovira Kaltwasser, C., Taggart, P. A., Ochoa Espejo, P., & Ostiguy, P. (2017). The Oxford handbook of populism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rydgren, J. (2007). The sociology of the radical right. Annual Review of Sociology, 33, 241–262.
Sanahuja Perales, J. A., & López Burian, C. (2022). Hispanidad e Iberosfera: Antiglobalismo, internacionalismo reaccionario y ultraderecha neopatriota en Iberoamérica. Documentos de trabajo (Fundación Carolina): Segunda época, 69.
Schumacher, G., Rooduijn, M., & Bakker, B. (2022). Hot populism? affective responses to antiestablishment rhetoric. Political Psychology, 43(5), 851–871.
Serafis, D., & Boukala, S. (2023). Subtle hate speech and the recontextualisation of antisemitism online: Analysing argumentation on Facebook. In Esposito, E., & KhosraviNik, M. (Eds.), Discourse in the digital age (pp. 143–167). London: Routledge.
Sniderman, P. M., Petersen, M. B., Slothuus, R., & Stubager, R. (2014). Paradoxes of liberal democracy: Islam, Western Europe, and the Danish cartoon crisis. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Solomos, J. (Ed.). (2020). Routledge international handbook of contemporary racisms. Abingdon: Routledge.
Stavrakakis, Y., Katsambekis, G., Nikisianis, N., Kioupkiolis, A., & Siomos, T. (2017). Extreme right-wing populism in Europe: Revisiting a reified association. Critical Discourse Studies, 14(4), 420–439.
Steger, M. (2019). Mapping antiglobalist populism bringing ideology back in. Populism, 2(2), 110–136.
Suarez, B. (2021). Gender and immigration in vox: The discourse of the radical right in Spain. Migraciones, 51, 241–268.
Sznajder, M. (2015). Politics in History: The Chilean radical right in the 20th century. Araucaria-Revista Iberoamericana de Filosoifia Politica y Humanidades, 17(34), 177–201.
Valencia-García, L. D. (Ed.). (2020). Radical-Right revisionism and the end of history. Alt / histories. New York: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1984). Prejudice in discourse: An analysis of ethnic prejudice in cognition and conversation. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins Pub. Co.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1988). Sinterklaas en Zwarte Piet: Is het racism of is ‘t het niet? In Helder, L. & Gravenberch, S. (Eds.), Sinterklaasje, kom maar binnen met je knecht, (pp: 118–135). Berchem: Epo.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1991). Racism and the Press. London: Routledge.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1992). Discourse and the denial of racism. Discourse & Society, 3(1), 87–118.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1993). Elite discourse and racism. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1998). Ideology: A multidisciplinary approach. London: Sage Publications.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2003). De Rasoel-Komrij affaire. Amsterdam: Critics.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2008). Discourse and context: A sociocognitive approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2014). Discourse and knowledge: A sociocognitive approach. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2021a). Antiracist discourse: Theory and history of a macromovement. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2021b). Are ideologies negative? Published in I. Fairclough, Mulderrig, J. & Zotzmann, K. (Eds.), Language and power: Essays in honour of Norman Fairclough (pp. 147–155). Amazon, Independent Publication.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2023a) Analyzing frame analysis. Discourse Studies, 25(2), 153–178.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2023b). Social movement discourse: Manifestos. In Caldas-Coulthard, C. R. and Coulthard, M. (Eds.), Texts and practices: Readings in critical discourse analysis. 2nd Edn (pp. 113–133). London: Routledge.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2023c). Social movement discourse: An introduction. London: Routledge.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2023d). Interview Teun A. van Dijk on Populism, Ideology, Discursive Strategies, and the Reactionary Right. Illiberalism.org.
Van Prooijen, J.-W. (2019). Overconfidence in radical politics. In: Forgas, J. P., Crano, W.D. & Fiedler, K. (Eds.), The psychology of populism: The tribal challenge to liberal democracy. (pp. 143–157). London: Routledge.
Venegas, M. (2021). Against women: The misogynist discourse of Vox. ‘Growling words’ of Spanish national-populism. Investigaciones Feministas, 12(1), 67–77.
Verkuyten, M., & Nooitgedagt, W. (2019). Parliamentary identity and the management of the radical right: A discursive analysis of Dutch parliamentary debates. British Journal of Social Psychology, 58(3), 495–514.
Vossen, K. (2017). The power of populism: Geert Wilders and the party for freedom in the Netherlands. London: Routledge and Taylor & Francis Group.
Weyland, K. (1996) ‘Neopopulism and neoliberalism in Latin America: Unexpected affinities’, Studies in Comparative International Development, 31(3), 3–31.
Wodak, R. (2009). The discursive construction of national identity. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Wodak, R. (2021). The politics of fear: The shameless normalization of radical right discourse. 2nd ed. London: Sage.
Wodak, R., KhosraviNik, M., & Mral, B. (Eds.) (2013). Right wing populism in Europe: Politics and discourse. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
Wuthnow, R. (1989) Communities of discourse: Ideology and social structure in the reformation, the enlightenment, and European socialism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Zienkowski, J., & Breeze, R. (Eds.) (2019). Imagining the peoples of Europe. Populist discourses across the political spectrum. Amsterdam Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
