Executive functions in disruptive behavior disorders

doi:10.1017/CBO9780511977954.008

Chapter 5 - Executive functions in disruptive behavior disorders

from Section II - Executive Dysfunction in the Neurodevelopmental and Acquired Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 October 2012

Laura E. Kenealy and

Iris Paltin

Edited by

Scott J. Hunter and

Elizabeth P. Sparrow

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Scott J. Hunter: Affiliation:
University of Chicago
Elizabeth P. Sparrow: Affiliation:
Sparrow Neuropsychology

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Summary

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other disruptive behavior disorders (DBD), including conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), are among the most common reasons parents seek mental health treatment for their children. The undercontrolled, impulsive behaviors that characterize these disorders seem, on the surface, to be closely linked to EF skills like self-regulation and inhibitory control. While the topic of EdF has been extensively researched in ADHD, the research into EdF in other DBDs remains at a fairly early stage of development. This chapter reviews the current literature on EdF in these disorders.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

The prevalence of ADHD is conservatively estimated at around 5% of school-aged samples, but recently rates closer to 10% have been cited. ADHD is defined by a constellation of difficulties with attention, activity level, impulse control, or a combination of these. Symptoms must begin by age 7, last 6 months or more, be present in more than one setting, and cause impairment. There are three subtypes, including Predominantly Inattentive (ADHD-I), Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-HI), and Combined (ADHD-C). Various prior editions of the DSM have defined subtypes somewhat differently or not at all (for a review, see Barkley). It appears the upcoming DSM-5 will essentially maintain the current subtypes with some additional symptoms for consideration, more flexible age of onset, and possible reductions in number of symptoms required for adult diagnosis.

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Type: Chapter
Information: Executive Function and Dysfunction
Identification, Assessment and Treatment
, pp. 93 - 100

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511977954.008 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2012

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