Executive functions in pediatric movement and motor control disorders

doi:10.1017/CBO9780511977954.011

Chapter 8 - Executive functions in pediatric movement and motor control disorders

from Section II - Executive Dysfunction in the Neurodevelopmental and Acquired Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 October 2012

Emily J. Helder and

Tory L. Larsen

Edited by

Scott J. Hunter and

Elizabeth P. Sparrow

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Scott J. Hunter: Affiliation:
University of Chicago
Elizabeth P. Sparrow: Affiliation:
Sparrow Neuropsychology

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Summary

Several childhood movement disorders have frequently been linked to EdF due to involvement of the fronto-subcortical circuits affecting both motor and cognitive functions. The current chapter includes discussion of involuntary movement disorders (i.e., Tourette syndrome, PANDAS, and Sydenham's Chorea) and motor control disorders (i.e., cerebral palsy).

Tourette syndrome

Tourette Syndrome (TS; a.k.a. Tourette's Disorder) is a child-onset neurodevelopmental condition characterized by the presence of chronic motor and vocal tics that may wax and wane over time. Tics are defined as “sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic motor movements or vocalizations”. TS has a prevalence of approximately 1% and occurs more frequently in boys as compared to girls, at a ratio of approximately 4:1. Onset of symptoms generally occurs in early childhood with possible worsening of symptoms during adolescence. Tics may decline or remit in adulthood, though approximately 20% of individuals experience persisting tics into adulthood. TS commonly co-occurs with a variety of conditions, particularly ADHD and OCD, with comorbidity estimates of 35% and 41%, respectively.

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Type: Chapter
Information: Executive Function and Dysfunction
Identification, Assessment and Treatment
, pp. 123 - 130

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511977954.011 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2012

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