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1 - Introduction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 January 2026

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Summary

In the 1960s and 1970s, as Europe became a divisive issue, the right again organised around a policy issue although its proponents were also increasingly working together against the left who, in addition to winning seats year by year on the party's governing National Executive Committee, were increasingly vocal in their criticism of Labour governments. Their demands for control over MPs, the manifesto and the choice of leader were aimed at weakening the hold of the right-wing parliamentary leadership over the party, and at redistributing power to the rank-and-file, with MPs individually and collectively accountable to local activists and conference delegates. Firstly, this traditional right was effectively leaderless throughout the 1980s. Solidarity was headed by Roy Hattersley and Peter Shore, whilst campaigning for Denis Healey as deputy leader. The St Ermins Group of trade unionists were unknown to the public and even to the great majority of party members.

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