Guimei Bai’s chapter 15 probes the role of Chinese human rights NGOs (CHRNGOs) in the context of global constitutionalism. Although it seems that China is reluctant to accept the ideas of global constitutionalism and human rights, the situation is actually much more complex. There has been a heated, ongoing debate on constitutionalism or democracy in the Chinese academy and government, but China has gradually become accustomed to participating in matters of international human rights. Against this backdrop, human rights NGOs, especially CHRNGOs, have also been following a long and winding path of development in China for decades. On one hand, CHRNGOs are at present increasingly active in promoting human rights education and in engaging in China-related international human rights procedures. On the other, they are destined to face simultaneously a variety of institutional challenges such as registration, funding, and political sensitivity. Proposing several solutions, the chapter points to a considerable opportunity to consolidate the survival and contribution of CHRNGOs in a changing China