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9 - Imaging in experimental neurology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 November 2009

By
Marc Fisher ,
Eng H. Lo  and
Michael Lev
Edited by
Turgut Tatlisumak  and
Marc Fisher
Marc Fisher
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology University of Massachusetts Medical School UMASS/Memorial Health Care 119 Belmont Street Worcester, MA 01605 USA
Eng H. Lo
Affiliation:
Departments of Neurology and Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 USA
Michael Lev
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 USA
Turgut Tatlisumak
Affiliation:
Helsinki University Central Hospital
Marc Fisher
Affiliation:
University of Massachusetts Medical School
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Summary

Introduction

The availability of advanced imaging techniques has revolutionized the evaluation of many clinical neurological disorders. Similarly, the availability of advanced imaging techniques has enhanced the utility of animal models related to the study of these disorders. Currently, the most available and useful imaging techniques in animal models of neurological disorders are those related to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications, computerized tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET). This chapter will introduce the basic concepts related to these various imaging modalities and then discuss their application to neurological disorders with a focus on acute ischemic brain injury.

Magnetic resonance imaging

A wide variety of MRI techniques are currently available for use in animals and patients. The range of MRI modalities and their main uses are provided in Table 9.1. The initial MRI modalities employed were T1- and T2-weighted imaging that evaluated the density of water proton spins. Water protons in relatively unrestricted fluid spaces have higher T1 and T2 values, while these protons in more restricted environments such as brain edema, hemorrhages, or tumors have lower values. These two MRI modalities are associated with an increase in interstitial water content of the brain, as seen with the development of vasogenic edema. Conventional T1 and T2 MRI have been used widely in clinical imaging for two decades and have also been used extensively in animal models of brain ischemia, tumors, traumatic injury, and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Type
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Handbook of Experimental Neurology
Methods and Techniques in Animal Research
 , pp. 132 - 146
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2006

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  • Imaging in experimental neurology
    • By Marc Fisher, Department of Neurology University of Massachusetts Medical School UMASS/Memorial Health Care 119 Belmont Street Worcester, MA 01605 USA, Eng H. Lo, Departments of Neurology and Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 USA, Michael Lev, Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 USA
  • Edited by Turgut Tatlisumak, Marc Fisher
  • Book: Handbook of Experimental Neurology
  • Online publication: 04 November 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541742.009
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  • Imaging in experimental neurology
    • By Marc Fisher, Department of Neurology University of Massachusetts Medical School UMASS/Memorial Health Care 119 Belmont Street Worcester, MA 01605 USA, Eng H. Lo, Departments of Neurology and Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 USA, Michael Lev, Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 USA
  • Edited by Turgut Tatlisumak, Marc Fisher
  • Book: Handbook of Experimental Neurology
  • Online publication: 04 November 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541742.009
Available formats
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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Imaging in experimental neurology
    • By Marc Fisher, Department of Neurology University of Massachusetts Medical School UMASS/Memorial Health Care 119 Belmont Street Worcester, MA 01605 USA, Eng H. Lo, Departments of Neurology and Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 USA, Michael Lev, Department of Radiology Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 USA
  • Edited by Turgut Tatlisumak, Marc Fisher
  • Book: Handbook of Experimental Neurology
  • Online publication: 04 November 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541742.009
Available formats
×