Human–wildlife conflicts occur all over the world; however, their characteristics and background of conflicts can be different in each country. In Japan, large mammal species (e.g. deer, boars) are increasing their population and expanding ranges resulting in increase of agricultural damage in many parts of the country. Meanwhile, the majority of rural villages in Japan are facing depopulation and residents are ageing making it difficult to implement interventions to prevent damage. In this chapter, a collaborative approach for coexisting with wildlife in rural areas of Japan is introduced. In Hyogo Prefecture, university students in urban areas visit rural villages to help local residents prevent wildlife damage and to revitalize the region. In Tochigi Prefecture, local residents collaborate to cook and eat boar meat (captured around the region) to increase awareness about wildlife. These collaborative activities are contributing not only to prevent damage but to change local residents’ mindset; from negative perceptions that wildlife are something to endure to positive attitudes realizing that wildlife could be utilized for community development.