The term ‘neurogenic’ bladder is non-specific and applies to any lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction which is a consequence of neurological disease. A neurogenic bladder can result in disruption of storage and voiding functions of the LUT depending on the associated neurological pathology, which often (but not always) leads to the LUT symptoms and requires prompt evaluation. Urodynamic testing is frequently undertaken to evaluate such patients, as their disease or injury to the nervous system can have profound consequence. The sequelae of neurological LUT dysfunction can include chronic urinary infection, formation of urinary tract calculi, incontinence, vesico-ureteric reflux, acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. There is, therefore, a low threshold for urodynamic investigation within this patient group.