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14 - Daily application of the Concealed Information Test: Japan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Akemi Osugi
Edited by
Bruno Verschuere ,
Gershon Ben-Shakhar  and
Ewout Meijer
Akemi Osugi
Affiliation:
Forensic Science Laboratory
Bruno Verschuere
Affiliation:
Universiteit van Amsterdam
Gershon Ben-Shakhar
Affiliation:
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Ewout Meijer
Affiliation:
Universiteit Maastricht, Netherlands
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Summary

Overview: Japan is the only country in the world where the Concealed Information Test (CIT) is applied on a large scale. In Japan, approximately 5,000 examinations are conducted annually by about 100 professional examiners. This chapter provides a detailed description of how those examinations are conducted, from the request for the examination to the report of the result. Procedural aspects such as generating the questions are illustrated with real-life examples. Finally, I discuss the current status of the CIT in Japan and some future prospects of the CIT.

Japan is the only country in the world where the Concealed Information Test (CIT) is applied on a large scale. Furthermore, the CIT is the only polygraph technique used in Japan, as the Control Question Test (CQT) is no longer applied. Polygraph examiners in Japan carry out the CIT on a daily basis. Throughout the country, about 5,000 examinations are conducted annually. These are performed by professional examiners assigned in each prefecture. This chapter provides a detailed description of how the polygraph examination is conducted in Japan, and why the CIT is successfully utilized in Japan.

Examiner

There are about 100 examiners in Japan. All examiners are assigned to a forensic science laboratory of a prefectural police headquarters. Typically the polygraph examiners belong to the psychological evidence section of their forensic science laboratories. The laboratory staff does not consist of police officers but of technical officers, who are also engaged in research.

Type
Chapter
Information
Memory Detection
Theory and Application of the Concealed Information Test
 , pp. 253 - 275
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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References

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Hirota, A., Matsuda, I., Kobayashi, K., and Takasawa, N. (2005). Development of a portable digital polygraph system. Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology, 10(1), 37–44 (in Japanese with English abstract).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
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Matsuda, I., Hirota, A., Ogawa, T., Takasawa, N., and Shigemasu, K. (2006) A new discrimination method for the Concealed Information Test using pretest data and within-individual comparisons. Biological Psychology, 73, 157–164.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
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Yokoi, Y., Okazaki, Y., Kiriu, M., Kuramochi, T., and Ohama, T. (2001). The validity of the guilty knowledge test used in field cases. Japanese Journal of Criminal Psychology, 39(1), 15–27 (in Japanese with English abstract).Google Scholar

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