Aday, R. H. (2003). The evolving role of senior centers in the 21st century. U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging.Google Scholar

Aday, R. H., Kehoe, G. C., & Farney, L. A. (2006). Impact of senior center friendships on aging women who live alone. Journal of Women & Aging, 18(1), 57–73. https://doi.org/10.1300/J074v18n01_05Google Scholar

Ashida, S., & Heaney, C. A. (2008). Social networks and participation in social activities at a new senior center: Reaching out to older adults who could benefit the most. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 32(1), 40–58.Google Scholar

Balsnes, A. H. (2017). The Silver Voices: A possible model for senior singing. International Journal of Community Music, 10(1), 59–69. https://doi.org/10.1386/ijcm.10.1.59_1Google Scholar

Barbeau, A-K., & Cossette, I. (2019). The effects of participating in a community concert band on senior citizens’ quality of life, mental and physical health. International Journal of Community Music, 12(2), 269–288. https://doi.org/10.1386/ijcm.12.2.269_1Google Scholar

Barbeau, A-K., & Mantie, R. (2019). Music performance anxiety and perceived benefits of musical participation among older adults in community bands. Journal of Research in Music Education, 66(4), 408–427. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022429418799362Google Scholar

Beisgen, B. A., & Kraitchman, M. C. (2003). Senior centers: Opportunities for successful aging. Springer Publishing Company.Google Scholar

Blackburn, C. (2017). Young children’s musical activities in the home. Education 3–13, 45(6), 674–688. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2017.1342320Google Scholar

Bobitt, J., & Schwingel, A. (2017). Evidence-based programs for older adults: A disconnect between U.S. national strategy and local senior center implementation. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 29(1), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2016.1186465CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Brandler, S. (1985). The senior center: Informality in the social work function. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 8(3–4), 195–210. https://doi.org/10.1300/J083V08N03_13Google Scholar

Bugos, J. (2014). Community music as a cognitive training programme for successful ageing. International Journal of Community Music, 7(3), 319–331. https://doi.org/10.1386/ijcm.7.3.319_1Google Scholar

Bugos, J., & Kochar, S. (2017). Efficacy of a short-term intense piano training program for cognitive aging: A pilot study. Musicae Scientiae, 21(2), 137–150. https://doi.org/10.1177/1029864917690020Google Scholar

Burckhardt, C. S., & Anderson, K. L. (2003). The Quality of Life Scale (QOLS): Reliability, validity, and utilization. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 1, 60. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-1-60Google Scholar

Calsyn, R. J., & Winter, J. P. (2000). Who attends senior centers? Journal of Social Service Research, 26(2), 53–69. https://doi.org/10.1300/J079v26n02_03Google Scholar

Cannon, M. L. (2015). Challenges, experiences, and future directions of senior centers serving the Portland metropolitan area [Doctoral dissertation, Portland State University]. PDX Scholar. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2317Google Scholar

Carstensen, L. L. (1991). Selectivity theory: Social activity in life-span context. Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 11, 195–217.Google Scholar

Carstensen, L. L., Isaacowitz, D. M., & Charles, S. T. (1999). Taking time seriously: A theory of socioemotional selectivity. American Psychologist, 54(3), 165–181. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.54.3.165Google Scholar

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009, October 15). Healthy places terminology. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyplaces/terminology.htmGoogle Scholar

Clift, S., & Hancox, G. (2010). The significance of choral singing for sustaining psychological wellbeing: Findings from a survey of choristers in England, Australia, and Germany. Music Performance Research, 3(1), 79–96.Google Scholar

Coffman, D. D. (1996). Musical backgrounds and interests of active older adult band members. Dialogue in Instrumental Music Education, 20(1), 25–34.Google Scholar

Coffman, D. D.. (2009). Survey of New Horizons International Music Association musicians. International Journal of Community Music, 1(3), 375–390. https://doi.org/10.1386/ijcm.1.3.375_1CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Coffman, D. D., & Adamek, M. S. (1999). The contributions of wind band participation to quality of life of senior adults. Music Therapy Perspectives, 17(1), 278–231. https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/17.1.27Google Scholar

Coffman, D. D., & Adamek, M. S.. (2001). Perceived social support of New Horizons band members. Contributions to Music Education, 28(1), 27–40.Google Scholar

Cohen, G. D. (2000). The creative age: Awakening human potential in the second half of life. HarperCollins Publishers.Google Scholar

Cohen, G. D.. (2005). The mature mind: The positive power of the aging brain. Basic Books. https://doi.org/10.1080/01924788.2013.784944Google Scholar

Cohen, G. D.(2006). Research on creativity and aging: The positive impact of the arts on health and illness. Generations, 30(1), 7–15.Google Scholar

Cohen, G. D., Perlstein, S., Chapline, J., Kelly, J., Firth, K. M., & Simmons, S. (2006). The impact of professionally conducted cultural programs on the physical health, mental health, and social functioning of older adults. The Gerontologist, 46(6), 726–734. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/46.6.726Google Scholar

Cox, C., & Monk, A. (1990). Integrating the frail and well elderly: The experience of senior centers. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 15(3–4), 131–147. https://doi.org/10.1300/J083v15n03_07Google Scholar

Creech, A. (2019). Using music technology creatively to enrich later-life: A literature review. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, article 117. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00117CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Creech, A., Hallam, S., McQueen, H., & Varvarigou, M. (2013). The power of music in the lives of older adults. Research Studies in Music Education, 35(1), 87–102. https://doi.org/10.1177/1321103X13478862Google Scholar

Creech, A., Larouche, K., Generale, M., & Fortier, D. (2020). Creativity, music, and quality of later life: A systematic review. Psychology of Music, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735620948114Google Scholar

Dabback, W. M. (2008). Identity formation through participation in the Rochester New Horizons Band Programme. International Journal of Community Music, 1(2), 267–286. https://doi.org/10.1386/ijcm.1.2.267_1CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Dal Santo, T. S. (2009). Senior center literature review: Reflecting & responding to community needs. California Commission on Aging. https://bit.ly/3tS1T6gGoogle Scholar

David, J., Yeung, M., Vu, J., Got, T., & Mackinnon, C. (2018). Connecting the young and the young at heart: An intergenerational music program. Journal of International Relationships, 16(3), 330–338. https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2018.1477436Google Scholar

Dingle, G. A. Brander, C., Ballantyne, J., & Baker, F. A. (2012). “To be heard”: The social and mental health benefits of choir singing for disadvantaged adults. Psychology of Music, 41(4), 405–421. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735611430081Google Scholar

Drummond, J. (2018). An international perspective on music education for adults. In McPherson, G. E. & Welch, G. F. (Eds.), Special needs, community music, and adult learning: An Oxford handbook of music education (Vol. 4, pp. 304–316). Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Eaton, J., & Salari, S. (2005). Environments for lifelong learning in senior centers. Educational Gerontology, 31, 461–480. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601270590928189Google Scholar

Ekholm, O., Juel, K., & Bonde, L. O. (2016). Music and public health: An empirical study of the use of music in the daily life of adult Danes and the health implications of musical participation. Arts & Health, 8(2), 154–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/17533015.2015.1048696CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Engen, R. L. (2005). The singer’s breath: Implications for treatment of persons with emphysema. Journal of Music Therapy, 42(1), 20–48. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmt/42.1.20CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Farone, D. W., Fitzpatrick, T. R., & Tran, T. V. (2005). Use of senior centers as a moderator of stress-related distress among Latino elders. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 46(1), 65–83. https://doi.org/10.1300/J083v46n01_05CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Felix, H. C., Adams, B., Cornell, C. E., Fausett, J. K., Krukowski, R. A., Love, S. J., Prewitt, T. E., & West, D. S. (2014). Barriers and facilitators to senior centers participating in translational research. Research on Aging, 36(1), 22–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027512466874Google Scholar

Ferraro, K. F., & Cobb, C. (1987). Participation in multipurpose senior centers. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 6(4), 429–447. https://doi.org/10.1177/073346488700600406Google Scholar

Fitzpatrick, T. R., & McCabe, J. (2008). Future challenges for senior center programming to serve younger and more active baby boomers. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 32(3–4), 198–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/01924780802563187Google Scholar

Fitzpatrick, T. R., McCabe, J., Gitelson, R., & Andereck, K. (2006). Factors that influence perceived social and health benefits of attendance at senior centers. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 30(1), 23–45.Google Scholar

Flanagan, J. C. (1978). A research approach to improving our quality of life. American Psychology, 33, 138–147. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.33.2.138CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Flanagan, J. C. (1982). Measurement of quality of life. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 63, 56–59.Google ScholarPubMed

Friedman, D., Parikh, N. S., Giunta, N., Fahs, M. C., & Gallo, W. T. (2012). The influence of neighborhood factors on the quality of life of older adults attending New York City senior centers: Results from the Health Indicators Project. Quality of Life Research, 21, 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136–011-9923-6Google Scholar

Fung, C. V. (2018). A way of music education: Classic Chinese wisdoms. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190234461.001.0001Google Scholar

Fung, C. V., & Lehmberg, L. J. (2016). Music for life: Music participation and quality of life of senior citizens. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199371686.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Fung, C. V., & Lehmberg, L. J. (Eds.) (2023). Meanings of music participation: Scenarios from the United States. Routledge.Google Scholar

Fung, H. H., Carstensen, L. L., & Lutz, A. M. (1999). Influence of time on social preferences: Implications for life-span development. Psychology and Aging, 14(4), 595–604. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.14.4.595Google Scholar

Gelfand, D. E. (1999). The aging network: Programs and services. 5th ed. Springer.Google Scholar

Gelfand, D. E.. (2006). The aging network: Programs and services. 6th ed. Springer.Google Scholar

Gelfand, D. E., Bechill, W., & Chester, R. L. (1991). Core programs and services at senior centers. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 17(1–2), 145–161. https://doi.org/10.1300/J083v17n01_12Google Scholar

Gembris, H. (2012). Music-making as a lifelong development and resource for health. In MacDonald, R., Kreutz, G., & Mitchell, L. (Eds.) Music, health, and wellbeing (pp. 103–108). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199586974.001.0001Google Scholar

Giunta, N., Morano, C., Parikh, N. S., Friedman, D., Fahs, M. C., & Gallo, T. (2012). Racial and ethnic diversity in senior centers: Comparing participant characteristics in more and less multicultural settings. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 55(6), 467–483.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Gordon, R. L., Fehd, H. M., & McCandliss, B. D. (2015). Does music training enhance literacy skills? A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, article 1777. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01777Google Scholar

Grady, S. (1990). Senior centers. Generations, 14(1), 15–18.Google Scholar

Grau-Sánchez, J., Foley, M., Hlavová, R., Muukkonen, I., Ojinaga-Alfageme, O., Radukic, A., Spindler, M., & Hundevad, B. (2017). Exploring musical activities and their relationship to emotional well-being in elderly people across Europe: A study protocol. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, article 330. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00330Google Scholar

Guba, F. G. (1978). Toward a methodology of naturalistic inquiry in educational evaluation. University of California.Google Scholar

Guhn, M., Emerson, S. D., & Gouzouasis, P. (2020). A population-level analysis of associations between school music participation and academic achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 112(2), 308–328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/edu0000376Google Scholar

Hallam, S., Creech, A., Varvarigou, M., & McQueen, H. (2012). Perceived benefits of active engagement with making music in community settings. International Journal of Community Music, 5(2), 155–174. https://doi.org/10.1386/ijcm.5.2.155_1Google Scholar

Hallam, S., Creech, A., Varvarigou, M., McQueen, H., & Gaunt, H. (2014). Does active engagement in community music support the well-being of older people? Arts and Health, 6(2), 101–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17533015.2013.809369Google Scholar

Hanssen, A. M., Meima, N. J., Buckspan, L. K., Henderson, B. E., Helbig, T. L., & Zarit, S. H. (1978). Correlates of senior center participation. The Gerontologist, 18(2), 193–200. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/30.1.72Google Scholar

Havir, L. (1991). Senior centers in rural communities: Potentials for serving. Journal of Aging Studies, 5(4), 359–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/0890-4065(91)90016-LGoogle Scholar

Hays, T. (2005). Well-being in later life through music. Australasian Journal on Ageing, 24(1), 28–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.2005.00059.xGoogle Scholar

Hays, T., & Minchiello, V. (2005). The meaning of music in the lives of older people: A qualitative study. Psychology of Music, 33(4), 437–451. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735605056160Google Scholar

Hendricks, K. S., Smith, T. D., & Sanuch, J. (2014). Creating safe spaces for music learning. Music Educators Journal, 101(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/0027432114540337Google Scholar

Hickey, M., & Schmidt, C. (2019). The effect of professional development on music teachers’ improvisation and composition activities. Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, 222, 27–43. https://doi.org/10.5406/bulcouresmusedu.222.0027Google Scholar

Hillman, S. (2002). Participatory singing for older people: A perception of benefit. Health Education, 102(4), 163–171. https://doi.org/10.1108/09654280210434237Google Scholar

Hudak, E. M., Bugos, J., Andel, R., Lister, J. J., Ji, M., & Edwards, J. D. (2019). Keys to staying sharp: A randomized clinical trial of piano training among older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2019.06.003Google Scholar

Ishii-Kuntz, M. (1990). Formal activities for elderly women: Determinants of participation in voluntary and senior center activities. Journal of Women & Aging, 2(1), 79–97. https://doi.org/10.1300/J074v02n01_05Google Scholar

Janowitz, J. L. (1986). Using a learning activity package for general music with older adults attending senior centers [Doctoral dissertation, Temple University]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. https://bit.ly/3V2YM7yGoogle Scholar

Jenkins, B., Storie, S., & Purdy, S. (2017). Quality of life for individuals with a neurological condition, who participate in social/therapeutic choirs. New Zealand Journal of Music Therapy, 15, 59–94.Google Scholar

Jirovec, R. L., Erich, J. A., & Sanders, L. J. (1989). Patterns of senior center participation among low income urban elderly. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 13(3–4), 115–132. https://doi.org/10.1300/J083V13N03_09Google Scholar

Johnson, J. K., Louhivuori, J., & Siljander, E. (2017). Comparison of well-being of older adult choir singers and the general population of Finland: A case-control study. Musicae Scientae, 21(2), 178–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/1029864916644486Google Scholar

Jorgensen, E. R. (2021). On values and life’s journey through music reflections on the Eriksons’ life stages and music education. In Hendricks, K. S. and Boyce-Tillman, J. (Eds.), Authentic connection: Music, spirituality, and wellbeing. Peter Lang.Google Scholar

Joseph, D. (2022). “The Potted Palms is bigger than each of us individually”: Older musicians playing as community and for community. Creative Industries Journal, 15(1), 40–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/17510694.2021.1890378Google Scholar

Joseph, D., & Human, R. (2020). “It is more than just about music”: Lifelong learning, social interaction and connection. Muziki: Journal of Music Research in Africa, 17(1), 72–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/18125980.2020.1855082Google Scholar

Joseph, D., & Southcott, J. (2018). Music participation for older people: Five choirs in Victoria, Australia. Research Studies in Music Education, 40(2), 176–190. https://doi.org/10.1177/1321103X18773096Google Scholar

Jutras, P. J. (2006). The benefits of adult piano study as self-reported by selected adult piano students. Journal of Research in Music Education, 54(2), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/002242940605400202Google Scholar

Jutras, P. J.. (2011). The benefits of New Horizons band participation as self-reported by selected New Horizons band members. Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, 187, 65–84.Google Scholar

Keller, M. J. (2017, January 1). Older adults: Exploring their changing demographics and health outlook. Parks and Recreation Magazine. https://bit.ly/3tWvtaEGoogle Scholar

Kim, W. (2000). The relationship between type of senior center and levels of utilization by the Korean elderly in New York City: A comparison of the utilization of ethnic-specific and mainstream senior centers [Doctoral dissertation, Fordham University]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. https://bit.ly/3EuVYJbGoogle Scholar

Kirk, A. B., & Alessi, H. D. (2000). Senior service centers: A comparison of affiliated and nonaffiliated participants. Adultspan Journal, 2(2), 89–100.Google Scholar

Kirk, A. B., & Alessi, H. D.. (2002). Rural senior service centers: A study of the impact on quality of life issues. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 26(3), 51–64. https://doi.org/10.1300/J016v26n03_04Google Scholar

Knowles, M. S. (1980). The modern practice of adult education: From pedagogy to andragogy. Associated Press.Google Scholar

Krause, A. E., Davidson, J. W., & North, A. C. (2018). Musical activity and well-being: A new quantitative measurement instrument. Music Perception, 35(4), 454–474. https://doi.org/10.1525/mp.2018.35.4.454Google Scholar

Krause, A. E., North, A. C., & Davidson, J. W. (2019). Using self-determination theory to examine musical participation and well-being. Frontiers in Psychology, 10:405. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00405Google Scholar

Krout, J. A. (1983). Correlates of senior center utilization. Research on Aging, 5(3), 339-352. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027583005003004Google Scholar

Krout, J. A.. (1984). Knowledge of senior center activities among the elderly. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 3(1), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/073346488400300108Google Scholar

Krout, J. A.(1985). Senior center activities and services: Findings from a national study. Research on Aging, 7(3), 455–471. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027585007003008.Google Scholar

Krout, J. A.(1986). Senior center linkages in the community. The Gerontologist, 26(5), 510–515. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/26.5.510Google Scholar

Krout, J. A.(1987). Rural-urban differences in senior center activities and services. The Gerontologist, 27(1), 92–97. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/27.1.92Google Scholar

Krout, J. A.(1988a). Senior center linkages with community organizations. Research on Aging, 10(2), 258–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027588102007Google Scholar

Krout, J. A.(1988b). The frequency, duration, and stability of senior center attendance. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 13(1–2), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1300/J083V13N01_02Google Scholar

Krout, J. A.(1989). Senior centers in America. Greenwood Press.Google Scholar

Krout, J. A.(1991). Senior center participation: Findings from a multidimensional analysis. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 10(3), 244–257. https://doi.org/10.1177/073346489101000302Google Scholar

Krout, J. A.(1994). Community size differences in senior center resources, programming, and participation: A longitudinal analysis. Research on Aging, 16(4), 440–462. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027594164006Google Scholar

Krout, J. A.(1996). Senior centers and services for the frail elderly. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 7(2), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.1300/j031v07n02_05Google Scholar

Krout, J. A., Cutler, S. J., & Coward, R. T. (1990). Correlates of senior center participation: A national analysis. The Gerontologist, 30(1), 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/30.1.72Google Scholar

Kruse, B. B. (2013). “Without U it’s just kulele”: Expressions of leisure and ’ohana in an intergenerational ukulele club. International Journal of Community Music, 6(2), 153–167. https://doi.org/10.1386/ijcm.6.2.153_1Google Scholar

Laes, T. (2015). Empowering later adulthood music education: A case study of a rock band for third-age learners. International Journal of Music Education, 33(1), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/0255761413515815Google Scholar

Lally, E. (2009). “The power to heal us with a smile and a song”: Senior well-being, music-based participatory arts and the value of qualitative evidence. Journal of Arts and Communities, 1(1), 25–44. https://doi.org/10.1386/jaac.1.1.25/1Google Scholar

Lamont, A., Murray, M., Hale, R., & Wright-Bevans, K. (2018). Singing in later life: The anatomy of a community choir. Psychology of Music, 46(3), 424–239. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735617715514Google Scholar

Lawler, K. (2011). Transforming senior centers into 21st century wellness centers: A project made possible by a grant from AARP Foundation and Caesar’s Foundation. American Association of Retired Persons (AARP), Louisiana State Office. https://bit.ly/3EB2ZYSGoogle Scholar

Lee, J., Davidson, J. W., & Krause, A. (2016). Older people’s motivations for participating in community singing in Australia. International Journal of Community Music, 9(2), 191–207. https://doi.org/10.1386/ijcm.9.2.191_1Google Scholar

Lehmberg, L. J. (2023). Participatory music making and quality of life of senior citizens. In Fung, C. V. & Lehmberg, L. J. (Eds.), Meanings of music participation: Scenarios from the United States. Routledge.Google Scholar

Lehmberg, L. J., & Fung, C. V. (2010). Benefits of music participation for senior citizens: A review of the literature. Music Education Research International, 4, 19–30. http://cmer.arts.usf.edu/content/articlefiles/3122-MERI04pp.19-30.pdfGoogle Scholar

Lehmberg, L. J., & Fung, C. V. (2023). Caring connection, music participation, and quality of life of older adults. In Hendricks, K. S (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Care in Music Education. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Lewis, H. (2021). A safe place to land: Music classes as safe havens for anxious and other youth. The Canadian Music Educator, 62(4), 35–40.Google Scholar

Li, S., & Southcott, J. (2012). A place for singing: Active music engagement by older Chinese Australians. International Journal of Community Music, 5(1), 59–78. https://doi.org/10.1386/ijcm.5.1.59_1Google Scholar

Li, S., & Southcott, J.. (2015). The meaning of learning piano keyboard in the lives of older Chinese people. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 34(3), 316–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/02601370.2014.999361Google Scholar

Litwin, H. (1999). Formal and informal network factors as sources of morale in a senior center population. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 48(3), 241–256. https://doi.org/10.2190/6EAF-XKHL-FX93-EL3VGoogle Scholar

Livesey, L., Morrison, I., Clift, S., & Camic, P. (2012). Benefits of choral singing for social and mental wellbeing: Qualitative findings from a cross-national survey of choir members. Journal of Public Mental Health, 11(1), 10–26. https://doi.org/10.1108/17465721211207275Google Scholar

Lowy, L., & Doolin, J. (1990). Multipurpose senior centers. In Monk, A. (Ed.), Handbook of gerontological services (pp. 342–376). Columbia University Press.Google Scholar

Macrotrends, (2010–2021). [City] metro area population 1950–2021. [URL withheld to protect study participants’ privacy.]Google Scholar

Marken, D. M. (2005). One step ahead: Preparing the senior center for 2030. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 29(4), 69–84. https://doi.org/10.1300/J016v29n04_05Google Scholar

Mathieu, S. I. (2008). Happiness and humor group promotes life satisfaction for senior center participants. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 32(2), 134–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/01924780802143089Google Scholar

McCaffrey, R. (2008). The lived experience of Haitian older adults’ integration into a senior center in southeast Florida. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 19(1), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043659607309139Google Scholar

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Baby boomer. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved August 5, 2022. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/baby%20boomerGoogle Scholar

Merriam-Webster (n.d.). Prevalent. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved August 5, 2020. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/prevalentGoogle Scholar

Michalos, A. C. (2005). Arts and the quality of life: An exploratory study. Social Indicators Research, 71, 11–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-004-8013-3Google Scholar

Millett, G., & Fiocco, A. J. (2021). A pilot study implementing the JAVA Music Club in residential care: Impact on cognition and psychosocial health. Aging & Mental Health, 25(10), 1848–1856. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2020.1758919Google Scholar

Miner, S., & Logan, J. R. (1993). Predicting the frequency of senior center attendance. The Gerontologist, 33(5), 650–657. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/33.5.650Google Scholar

National Institute of Senior Centers. (n.d.). The National Institute of Senior Centers. Retrieved August 5, 2022. https://ncoa.org/page/the-national-institute-of-senior-centersGoogle Scholar

National Institute of Senior Centers. (1975). Senior centers: Report of senior group programs in America. National Council on Aging, Inc.Google Scholar

New Horizons International Music Association (NHIMA) (n.d.). About Us. New Horizons International Music Association. Retrieved August 5, 2022. https://newhorizonsmusic.org/aboutGoogle Scholar

Niles-Yokum, K., & Wagner, D. L. (2011). Senior centers and adult day services. In Niles-Yokum, K. & Wagner, D. L, The aging networks: A guide to programs and services, 7th ed. (pp. 35–50). Springer Publishing Company.Google Scholar

Niles-Yokum, K., & Wagner, D. L. (2015). The aging networks: A guide to programs and services. 8th ed. Springer.Google Scholar

Niles-Yokum, K., & Wagner, D. L(2019). The aging networks: A guide to policy, programs, and services. 9th ed. Springer.Google Scholar

Noice, T., Noice, H., & Kramer, A. F. (2014). Participatory arts for older adults: A review of benefits and challenges. The Gerontologist, 54(5), 741–753. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnt138Google Scholar

O’Shea, H. (2012). “Get back to where you once belonged!” The positive creative impact of a refresher course for “baby-boomer” rock musicians. Popular Music, 31(2), 199–215. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261143012000025Google Scholar

Pardasani, M. P. (2003). Senior centers: Patterns of programs and services [Doctoral dissertation, Yeshiva University, New York]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. https://bit.ly/3VjSwbdGoogle Scholar

Pardasani, M. P.. (2004a). Senior centers: Focal points of community-based services for the elderly. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 28(4), 27–44. https://doi.org/10.1300/J016v28n04_03Google Scholar

Pardasani, M. P.(2004b). Senior centers: Increasing minority participation through diversification. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 43(2/3), 41–56. https://doi.org/10.1300/J083v43n02_04Google Scholar

Pardasani, M. P.(2010). Senior centers: Characteristics of participants and nonparticipants. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 34(1), 48–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/01924780903552295Google Scholar

Pardasani, M. P.(2018). Motivation to volunteer among senior center participants. Gerontological Social Work, 61(3), 313–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/01634372.2018.1433259Google Scholar

Pardasani, M. P., & Goldkind, L. (2012). Senior centers and policy advocacy: Changing public perceptions. Educational Gerontology, 38(6), 375–390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601277.2010.544588CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Pardasani, M. P., & Sackman, B. (2014). New York City senior centers: A unique, grassroots, collaborative advocacy effort. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 38(3), 200–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/01924788.2014.935907Google Scholar

Pardasani, M. P., & Thompson, P. (2012). Senior centers: Innovative and emerging models. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 31(1), 52–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464810380545Google Scholar

Patchen, J. H. (1986). The relationships among current musical activity level and selected musical and demographic variables within an elderly population [Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. https://bit.ly/3u0zyupGoogle Scholar

Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. 4th ed. Sage.Google Scholar

Pitts, S. (2012). Chances and choices: Exploring the impact of music education. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Pitts, S. E., & Robinson, K. (2016). Dropping in and dropping out: Experiences of sustaining and ceasing amateur participation in classical music. British Journal of Music Education, 33(3), 327–346. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0265051716000152Google Scholar

Pothoulaki, M., MacDonald, R. A. R., & Flowers, P. (2012). The use of music in chronic illness: Evidence and arguments. In MacDonald, R., Kreutz, G., & Mitchell, L. (Eds.) Music, health, and wellbeing (pp. 239–256). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199586974.001.0001Google Scholar

Ralston, P. A. (1981). Educational needs and activities of older adults: Their relationship to senior center programs. Educational Gerontology: An International Quarterly, 7(2–3), 231–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/0360127810070214Google Scholar

Ralston, P. A.. (1984). Senior center utilization by Black elderly adults: Social, attitudinal and knowledge correlates. Journal of Gerontology, 39(2), 224–229. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/39.2.224Google Scholar

Ralston, P. A.(1991a). Determinants of senior center attendance and participation. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 10(3), 258–273. https://doi.org/10.1177/073346489101000303Google Scholar

Ralston, P. A.(1991b). Senior centers and minority elders: A critical review. The Gerontologist, 31(3), 325–331. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/31.3.325Google Scholar

Ralston, P. A., & Griggs, M. B. (1985). Factors affecting utilization of senior centers: Race, sex, and socioeconomic differences. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 9(1), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.1300/J083V09N01_08Google Scholar

Rhynes, L., Hayslip, B., Caballero, D., & Ingman, S. (2013). The beneficial effects of senior center attendance on grandparents raising grandchildren. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 11(2), 162–175. https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2013.782746Google Scholar

Rickard, N. S., & McFerran, K. (Eds.). (2012). Lifelong engagement with music: Benefits for mental health and well-being. Nova Science Publishers, Inc.Google Scholar

Rill, L. (2011). An examination of senior center efficacy: Variation in participation & benefits. [Doctoral dissertation, Florida State University]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. https://www.proquest.com/openview/e839cdc21da8d000def738926db61a85/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750Google Scholar

Rosenbaum, M., Sweeney, J. C., & Massiah, C. (2014). The restorative potential of senior centers. Managing Service Quality, 24(4), 363–383.Google Scholar

Roulston, K., Jutras, P., & Kim, S. (2015). Adult perspectives of learning musical instruments. International Journal of Music Education, 33(3), 325–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/0255761415584291Google Scholar

Sabin, E. P. (1993). Frequency of senior center use: A preliminary test of two models of senior center participation. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 20(1–2), 97–114. https://doi.org/10.1300/J083V20N01_07Google Scholar

Sala, G., & Gobet, F. (2020). Cognitive and academic benefits of music training with children: A multilevel meta-analysis. Memory & Cognition, 48, 1429–1441. https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13421-020-01060-2Google Scholar

Salamon, M. J., & Trubin, P. (1983). Difficulties in senior center life: Group behaviors. Clinical Gerontologist, 2(2), 23–37. https://doi.org/10.1300/J018v02n02_04Google Scholar

Schneider, A. E., Ralph, N., Olson, C., Flatley, A., & Thorpe, L. (2014). Predictors of senior center use among older adults in New York City public housing. Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 91(6), 1033–1047. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-014-9906-3Google Scholar

Shollenberger, D. (Ed.). (1995). Senior centers in America: A blueprint for the future: Outcomes of a national meeting convened to develop recommendations for programs, policies, and funding of senior center programs of the future. National Council on the Aging, Inc., National Eldercare Institute on Multipurpose Senior Center, and Community Focal Points.Google Scholar

Smith, D. S. (2012). A year with the senior center band: Facing aging head on. International Journal of Community Music, 5(3), 279–287. https://doi.org/10.1386/ijcm.5.3.279_1Google Scholar

Solé, C., Mercadal-Brotons, M., Galati, A., & De Castro, M. (2014). Effects of group music therapy on quality of life, affect, and participation in people with varying levels of dementia. Journal of Music Therapy, 51(1), 103–125. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmt/thu003Google Scholar

Southcott, J. (2009). And as I go, I love to sing: The Happy Wanderers, music and positive aging. International Journal of Community Music, 2(2–3), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.1386/ijcm.2.2-3.143_1Google Scholar

Southcott, J., & Li, S. (2018). “Something to live for”: Weekly singing classes at a Chinese university for retirees. International Journal of Music Education, 36(2), 283–296. https://doi.org/10.1177/0255761417729548Google Scholar

Steinmayr, M., & Gritsch, B. (2019). Musical interaction with seniors: Music geragogic project of the Graz Music Pedagogy Institute. Musikerziehung, 72(1), 32–35.Google Scholar

Stige, B. (2012). Health musicking: A perspective on music and health as action and performance. In MacDonald, R., Kreutz, G., & Mitchell, L. (Eds.) Music, health, and wellbeing (pp. 183–195). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199586974.001.0001Google Scholar

Taietz, P. (1976). Two conceptual models of the senior center. Journal of Gerontology, 31(2), 219–222. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/31.2.219Google Scholar

Tatum, M. E. (1985). A descriptive analysis of the status of music programs in selected retirement residences and senior citizens’ centers in the southeastern United States [Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Indiana University].Google Scholar

Taylor, A., & Hallam, S. (2008). Understanding what it means for older students to learn basic musical skills on a keyboard instrument. Music Education Research, 10(2), 285–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/14613800802079148Google Scholar

Taylor-Harris, D. A. (2006). Senior multipurpose facilities and quality of life among African American older adults: A case study. [Master’s thesis, Georgia State University]. ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/gerontology_theses/1/Google Scholar

Taylor-Harris, D., & Zhan, H. J. (2011). The third-age African American seniors: Benefits of participating in senior multipurpose facilities. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 54(4), 351–371. https://doi.org/10.1080/01634372.2010.539588Google Scholar

Tornstam, L. (1994). Gerotranscendence: A developmental theory of positive aging. In Thomas, L. E. & Eisenhandler, S. A. (Eds.), Aging and the religious dimension (pp. 203–225). Greenwood Publishing Group.Google Scholar

Tornstam, L.. (2011). Maturing into gerotranscendence. The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 43(2), 166–180.Google Scholar

Travis, R., Rodwin, A. H., & Allcorn, A. (2019). Hip hop, empowerment, and clinical practice for homeless adults with severe mental illness. Social Work with Groups, 42(2), 83–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/01609513.2018.1486776Google Scholar

Turner, K. W. (2004). Senior citizens centers: What they offer, who participates, and what they gain. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 43(1), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1300/J083v43n01_04Google Scholar

United Nations. (2019). World population prospects 2019: Highlights. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. https://bit.ly/2MXgwm4Google Scholar

U.S. Census Bureau. (2019). United States Census Bureau quickfacts. [City, state, and URL withheld to protect study participants’ privacy.]Google Scholar

Varvarigou, M., Hallam, S., Creech, A., & McQueen, H. (2012). Benefits experienced by older people in group music-making activities. Journal of Applied Arts and Health, 3(2), 183–198. https://doi.org/10.1386/jaah.3.2.183_1Google Scholar

Walker, J., Bisbee, C., Porter, R., & Flanders, J. (2004). Increasing practitioners’ knowledge of participation among elderly adults in senior center activities. Educational Gerontology, 30(5), 353–366. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601270490433549Google Scholar

Weil, J. (2014). The new neighborhood senior center: Redefining social and service roles for the baby boom generation. Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar

Wick, J. (2012). Senior centers: Traditional and evolving roles. The Consultant Pharmacist, 27(9), 664–667. https://doi.org/10.4140/TCP.n.2012.664Google Scholar

Woody, R. H., Fraser, A., Nannen, B., & Yukevich, P. (2019). Musical identities of older adults are not easily changed: An exploratory study. Music Education Research, 21(3), 315–330. https://doi.org/10.1080/14613808.2019.1598346Google Scholar

Xaverius, P. K., Mathews, R. M. (1999). Attracting new participants to senior center activities: Publicly posted announcements. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 24(1), 55–59. https://doi.org/10.1300/J016v24n01_06Google Scholar

Yeung, H. C., Baker, F., & Shoemark, H. (2014). Song preferences of Chinese older adults living in Australia. The Australian Journal of Music Therapy, 25, 103–121.Google Scholar