Introduction: towards an ethics of discomfort

In his essay ‘For an Ethic of Discomfort’, Foucault provocatively reminds us:

To engage with an ethic of discomfort, as described by Foucault, is to engage in an act of phronesis. In other words: how does one challenge one's own presuppositions and never let them fall peacefully asleep?; how does one cultivate a sense of mindfulness that challenges the certainty of ground unexplored?; how can one address the roots of this fragile instance? In this chapter I will argue that the art of phronesis, with its variants of value rationality, practical rationality and dialogical significance offers a particular kind of understanding to the governance of spatial practices: an approach we can define as spatial phronesis. Phronesis inherently privileges practical wisdom and intuitive understanding alongside the realities of power relations in the construction of knowledge (see Flyvbjerg 2001, 2004). This particular perspective provides powerful ammunition against the hegemonic discourse of neoliberal rationality. Cloaked in the language of efficiency, accountability, competition and scientific logic, the discourse of neoliberal policy insidiously purports a mantra of progress and change. In this way the neoliberal rationale continually moulded, reconfigured and celebrated, as most recently through its Third-Way logics, normalizes an essence of individual freedom, self-interest and entrepreneurial governance, strategically converting along the way a broad populace to its utopian rhetoric (Basu 2009: 482).