Chapter 8 explores the various components of Connery’s Scottishness, beginning with an extended discussion of the complex and conflicted nature of national identity in general and Scottish national identity in particular. The chapter examines how Connery’s Scottishness informed his acting, often being deliberately accentuated, and the ways in which Connery was used iconically by various organisations, including the Scottish Tourist Board, to promote Scotland. However, the chapter’s main focus is a detailed examination of the various facets of Connery’s very public and sustained activism for the cause of an independent Scotland. There is an extended analysis of The Bowler and the Bunnet (1967), directed, co-produced and narrated by Connery, which delineates the problems of labour relations in the Clydeside shipping industry and the need for co-operation between workers and bosses. The chapter identifies the documentary as the start of Connery’s political awakening and the beginning of his commitment to the Scottish National Party and the campaign for the cause of an independent Scotland. The chapter traces Connery’s successes – lending his support in August 1997 to the campaign for an independent Scottish parliament – but also his ambivalent status as a tax exile often vilified in the press. The chapter also discusses his formation of the Scottish International Educational Trust in December 1970; his controversial knighthood (2000); Being a Scot (2008), his extended meditation on national identity; his attempts to support the Scottish film industry; and his importance in inspiring a new generation of Scottish actors.