India has a large population of children living under adverse socioeconomic circumstances. Underprivileged and marginalized children continue to suffer from denial of child rights, protection, and social justice. Bal Umang Drishya Sanstha is a registered nonprofit organization working to support child health and welfare of marginalized communities in India. The organization operates a mobile healthcare van to provide primary healthcare services to children in living in urban slums and villages. While working within the communities, organization professionals encounter cases of neglected, abused, and exploited children. This qualitative study considers two specific cases of child maltreatment in Indian settings. Both the young respondents encountered several adverse childhood experiences that impacted their normal development, health, and welfare. The various government schemes did not effectively coordinate or converge to provide their intended benefits. Delays in access to education, healthcare, nutrition, and justice and the dysfunctional child protection system led to denial of their basic child rights and social injustice. There is an urgent need for improving existing government systems. Multidisciplinary professionals need to acknowledge, respect, and protect children’s rights that should be fundamental to their practice and become effective social justice advocates for vulnerable children and their families.