Introduction

This chapter examines the nature of healthcare and the effectiveness of the health policies in Tanzania. It also seeks to explain the factors that led the nation's government to adopt various health strategic plans that could reach all households with essential health and social welfare services. It argues that a strong health system is an essential mechanism for implementing universal health coverage and fulfilling human rights entitlement. The motivation for meeting the healthcare needs of the citizens of Tanzania as much as possible as well as the expectations of the population could yield insights for improvement (Akachi & Kruk 2017; Opuko 2023). Further, adhering to high-quality standards, and applying evidence-informed interventions through efficient channels of the healthcare service delivery system are mechanisms for evaluating success in the health system in Tanzania. The content analysis research method that was used includes analysis of the World Bank's Development Indicator and Tanzania's healthy policy reform United Nations Human Development Report; World Bank Indicators; African Development Bank reports, Walt and Gilson's health policy analysis, academic journals, and World Health reports. The specific objectives include quality improvement of primary healthcare services, delivering a package of essential services in communities and health facilities; equitable access to services in the country by focusing on geographic areas with higher disease burdens and by focusing on vulnerable groups in the population with higher risks; active community partnership through intensified interactions with the population for improvement of health and social wellbeing; a higher rate of return on investment by applying modern management methods and engaging in innovative partnerships and social determinants of health, the health and social welfare sector will collaborate with other sectors, and advocate for the inclusion of health-promoting and health-protecting measures in other sectors’ policies and strategies. The findings of the research reveal that for many decades foreign groups have driven health research in Tanzania without creating adequate local capacity in the country. It recommends that investment in information technology systems in the country could propel a positive mechanism for evaluating and refining health policy in Tanzania. This approach could help the Government of Tanzania to attain the right to effectively manage to health delivery system that could benefit citizens and residents of Tanzania.