This chapter considers the final decade of Este rule in Ferrara, the changing fortunes of the singing ladies at the court, and the way in which the Ferrarese convents were used in the project of civic magnificence, both by the ageing Duke and, after his demise, by the new Papal Legate of Ferrara. It presents new information about the singing ladies in the service of Lucrezia, Duchess of Urbino, and considers the final volume of madrigals dedicated to an Este princess, Luzzasco Luzzaschi’s Sesto libro de madrigali a cinque voci (1596), in relation to the ladies’ performance practice. The chapter also considers the evidence relating to music performed by women for Archduchess Margherita of Austria, who was married by proxy to Philip of Spain in Ferrara in 1598. Giovanni Maria Artusi’s account of the music of the nuns of San Vito is set alongside other documentary evidence of convent performances, and the motets of Raffaela Aleotti are examined in relation to Ferrarese compositional and performance traditions.