Increasingly, aggrieved entitlement is running the world, and not just in the sense of anger run rampant. I mean something more official here too: that the feeling now occupies positional status, increasingly charged with governing the world and backed with all the resources entailed. It is here that I think a common interest—dare I say, a universal investment in immobilizing New Populism—arises.

Before we can articulate this shared concern, some review is in order. Part II set out to explore contemporary populism and its signature feeling, which is the escalating sense of aggrieved entitlement. These things we’ve established thus far:

• • By the time COVID-19 struck, another pandemic was well underway. The worldwide spread of New Populism preceded COVID-19 by a good decade.

• • Its many global variants are bound not by shared ideology, but by a signature feeling profile, an escalating sensation of aggrieved entitlement.

• • Most analysts emphasize the repercussions of New Populism for democracy. Some of these accounts prompt democracy panic, a classic anti-populist tactic that ironically proves the populist case in the act of decrying it. It does so by implying that democracy must be saved from ‘them,’ which is precisely what New Populists say of the elite—for this reason!

• • We can avoid the vicious cycle to which anti-populism contributes by examining the full field of complicity (including anti-populism), rather than heaping disgrace on the base. Abridged, we can analyze New Populism as a downrising rather than an uprising.

• • Downrising better captures the highly dispersed agency of New Populist feeling, across the political spectrum and a complex web of actors and contributions. This kind of agency calls us to follow spiraling momentum, not map linear cause and effect. Participation can be direct and indirect, inadvertent or diversely intentional, immediate and accumulating over time, human and non-human (as with weapons, t-shirts and flags, or information and communication technologies).

• • Anti-populism—for example, rendering the base as ‘white trash’—is also part of the downrising. If we let go of this attachment to feeling horrified by the base, we could start to ask more promising questions about the feeling that animates them. Like, how does aggrieved entitlement move, and (how) am I part of that? One thing's for sure: It is on the move.