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Renaissance scholars agreed that Virgil's canon included poems beyond the “Eclogues,” “Georgics,” and “Aeneid,” but the number of other authentic poems and their value were matters of debate. This article charts competing readings of the “Appendix Vergiliana” by Julius Caesar Scaliger and Joseph Justus Scaliger. Pseudo-Virgilian poems played a key role in J. C. Scaliger's “Poetices Libri Septem” (1561), providing a model of self-quotation and self-emulation for young poets to imitate. In a groundbreaking edition, J. J. Scaliger then discovers a neoteric, Catullan side to Virgil. Their influential readings of the “Appendix” offer radically revised conceptions of the Virgilian poetic career.
Architectural production relies on form that can be drawn, quantified, and analysed through geometry. The incorporation of calculus-based form in the 1990s and the more recent incorporation of physics simulation has pushed the edge of formal and mathematical analysis, as well as of architectural production. Yet, mathematics remains largely invisible in the current landscape – rarely addressed in discourse and hidden behind software interfaces in daily practice. As Antoine Picon has noted, architecture has unprecedented access to mathematical objects, while at the same time remaining indifferent to its relation to mathematics.
Every architectural intervention joins a constellation of pre-existing conditions, which often constitute a fragile but valuable situation: the physical support of collective memory. The objective of this article is to explore contemporary ways of intervening in architectural heritage from the perspective of collective memory, through what is imagined to be a timeless grammar, towards design innovation. Works produced according to this strategy not only try to maintain the character of an architectural legacy but also to generate new models based on received precedents. The following article explores intervention projects from the last two decades of work by Swiss architect Peter Märkli, identifying key themes and strategies employed. The synthesis of these works allows us to identify a way of approaching heritage based on the continuity of architecture as a key to innovation.