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The third volume of Professor Guthrie's great history of Greek thought, entitled The Fifth-Century Enlightenment, deals in two parts with the Sophists and Socrates, the key figures in the dramatic and fundamental shift of philosophical interest from the physical universe to man. Each of these parts is now available as a paperback with the text, bibliography and indexes amended where necessary so that each part is self-contained. The Sophists assesses the contribution of individuals like Protagoras, Gorgias and Hippias to the extraordinary intellectual and moral fermant in fifth-century Athens. They questioned the bases of morality, religion and organized society itself and the nature of knowledge and language; they initiated a whole series of important and continuing debates, and they provoked Socrates and Plato to a major restatement and defence of traditional values.
William L. Newman (1834–1923) published Volume 3 of Politics of Aristotle in 1902. It contains his reconstructed text of books 3-5 with critical notes, commentary, and an introduction to the manuscript sources. Newman's reconstructed text is based on the edition of Susemihl (1872) and his own fresh collations of a number of manuscripts, including MS. Phillipps 891 (z), which contains William of Moerbeke's Latin translation. Newman's cautious text, always supported by extensive manuscript evidence, was widely regarded as an improvement on Bekker's more conjectural 1837 version. Newman's detailed commentary was highly praised and has been used for over a century by students of the Politics. As a scholar and pedagogue Newman had a significant impact on nineteenth-century classical studies. His four-volume edition of the Politics stands as a monument of Victorian scholarship and will continue to be read and studied by scholars and students of Aristotle.