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This chapter envisions a game-changing way for distributing power: the software-defined distribution network (SD2N), a novel gigabit urban infrastructure that integrates software-defined networking (SDN), real-time computing, Internet of Things (IoT) techniques, and distributed control and optimization algorithms for urban distribution networks.
This chapter focuses on the small signal stability assessment of DC microgrids. Dynamical models of bipolar DC microgrids are introduced. A Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) method is developed to investigate the mutual interactions and small signal stability of bipolar DC microgrids. Singular value decomposition (SVD) is introduced to discover the frequencies of unstable poles.
This chapter elaborates some initial efforts in establishing a tractable method, namely Formal Analysis (FA), for assessing the stability of networked microgrids under uncertainties from heterogeneous sources including DERs. Both centralized and distributed formal methods are established for computing the bounds of all possible trajectories and estimating the stability margin for the entire networked microgrid system.
The chapter introduces smart programmable microgrids (SPMs). The vision is to virtualize microgrid functions, making them software-defined and hardware-independent, so that converting DERs to community microgrids becomes affordable, autonomic, and secure. The development of SPM is expected to lead to groundbreaking, replicable technologies that could transform today's community power infrastructures into tomorrow's flexible services toward self-configuration, self-healing, self-optimizing, and self-protection.
This chapter introduces a powerful online distributed and asynchronous active fault management (DA-AFM) tool which proactively manages the fault currents by controlling the power electronic interfaces and eliminates the barriers against networked microgrids resilience and the ultrareliable operations of DERs/microgrids. Upon fault occurrence, DA-AFM is able to maintain the total fault current unchanged to avoid detrimental impact on the power grid, to eliminate the damaging power ripples for inverters in DERs/microgrids, and to ensure that the power flow of each individual microgrid is identical before and after fault to avoid loss of loads and maintain networked microgrid stability.