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In his opening remarks, Mr. Young stated that the magneto was an electrical machine of very small compass for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy at a very high potential. The electrical energy appears as high tension sparks which occur at regular intervals and in synchronism with the movement of the pistons. Each spark is the result of a very rapid rise of pressure in the secondary winding of the armature of the magneto. To-day magnetos are being produced capable of giving regularly 16,000 sparks per minute or 270 sparks per second.
To-day all altitudes up to, and including, the stratosphere are within the scope of aviation. The engines must therefore be provided with highly developed superchargers so as to obtain high performance even at these altitudes. The single or multi-stage superchargers necessary to accomplish this become an integral part of the engine and exercise a distinct influence on its general construction.
In many types of engine the supercharger is built on to the accessory drive end, that is the rear of the engine, so that the supercharger shaft lies co-axially or parallel with the crankshaft.