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5487 results in Thermal-fluids engineering

Page 121 of 275

  • Preface

  • Antonio Filippone, University of Manchester
  • Book:
    Advanced Aircraft Flight Performance
    Published online:
    05 January 2013
    Print publication:
    17 December 2012, pp xxi-xxii

  • Summary

    This book is a derivative of an earlier textbook on flight performance. This new work reflects my increased wisdom on the subject and represents an almost complete departure from closed-form solutions that are traditionally taught in under-graduate and post-graduate programs. Over the past several years, I have benefited from the experience of teaching a flight performance course to senior engineers from industry, government departments and academia. In the process, I learned a few new things that now find a place somewhere in the book.

    There is an increase in numerical methods in all fields of engineering; nevertheless, flight performance has remarkably resisted change. Some closed-form solutions have been retained for those engineers who need a quick answer. The modern airplane is a complex engineering machine governed by systems, software and avionics. Primitive methods are still widely used, which are then applied to aircraft design and produce results of dubious accuracy that cannot be assessed. Worryingly, these methods are used inmost “conceptual design” and “multi-disciplinary optimisation” methods. Now assume, more realistically, that you have been hired to provide flight prediction tools to an airline operator or a manufacturer of engines or airframes, a national or international aviation authority, an air traffic control organisation. Why should they trust your performance software? What is the risk of under-predicting the mission fuel for an intercontinental flight?

    As we worried about conceptual design, the world has moved on. There is increased emphasis on airplane evolution and upgrading, which is now reflected in my thinking. At the same time, the environmental performance of the aircraft has become very prominent.

Counterflows
  • Paradoxical Fluid Mechanics Phenomena
  • Vladimir Shtern
  • Published online:
    05 November 2012
    Print publication:
    15 October 2012
  • This book discusses the physical mechanisms that drive counterflows, examining how they emerge, develop, become double and multiple counterflows and comprise both global and local circulations. Counterflows play an important role in nature and technology. A natural example is the Gulf Stream and the opposite flow in the ocean depths. Technological applications include hydrocyclones, vortex tubes and vortex combustors. These elongated counterflows are wildly turbulent but survive intense mixing, a seeming paradox. Local counterflows, whose spatial extent is small compared with that of surrounding flows, occur behind bluff bodies and in swirling streams. The latter are often referred to as vortex breakdown bubbles, which occur in tornadoes and above delta wings. Most scale counterflows are cosmic bipolar jets. Most miniature counterflows occur in capillary menisci of electrosprays and fuel atomisers.

Modelling Turbulence in Engineering and the Environment
  • Second-Moment Routes to Closure
  • Kemal Hanjalić, Brian Launder
  • Published online:
    05 November 2012
    Print publication:
    20 October 2011
  • Modelling transport and mixing by turbulence in complex flows is one of the greatest challenges for CFD. This highly readable volume introduces the reader to a level of modelling that respects the complexity of the physics of turbulent flows – second-moment closure. Following introductory chapters providing essential physical background, the book examines in detail the processes to be modelled, from fluctuating pressure interactions to diffusive transport, from turbulent time and length scales to the handling of the semi-viscous region adjacent to walls. It includes extensive examples ranging from fundamental homogeneous flows to three-dimensional industrial or environmental applications. This book is ideal for CFD users in industry and academia who seek expert guidance on the modelling options available, and for graduate students in physics, applied mathematics and engineering who wish to enter the world of turbulent flow CFD at the advanced level.

Page 121 of 275