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8120 results in Fluid dynamics and solid mechanics

Page 14 of 406

  • 1 - Introduction and Motivation: Are Birds Smarter Than Nerds?

  • John Toner, University of Oregon
  • Book:
    The Physics of Flocking
    Published online:
    16 May 2024
    Print publication:
    23 May 2024, pp 1-8
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  • Summary

    I introduce the problem of “dry active matter” more precisely, describing the symmetries (both underlying, and broken) of the state I wish to consider, and also discuss how shocking it is that such systems can exhibit long-ranged order – that is, all move together – even in d = 2.

The Physics of Flocking
  • Birth, Death, and Flight in Active Matter
  • John Toner
  • Published online:
    16 May 2024
    Print publication:
    23 May 2024
  • In creatures ranging from birds to fish to wildebeest, we observe the collective and coherent motion of large numbers of organisms, known as 'flocking.' John Toner, one of the founders of the field of active matter, uses the hydrodynamic theory of flocking to explain why a crowd of people can all walk, but not point, in the same direction. Assuming a basic undergraduate-level understanding of statistical mechanics, the text introduces readers to dry active matter and describes the current status of this rapidly developing field. Through the application of powerful techniques from theoretical condensed matter physics, such as hydrodynamic theories, the gradient expansion, and the renormalization group, readers are given the knowledge and tools to explore and understand this exciting field of research. This book will be valuable to graduate students and researchers in physics, mathematics, and biology with an interest in the hydrodynamic theory of flocking.

  • ANZ VOLUME 65 ISSUE 4 COVER AND FRONT MATTER

  • Journal:
    The ANZIAM Journal / Volume 65 / Issue 4 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    10 May 2024, pp. f1-f2
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  • ANZ VOLUME 65 ISSUE 4 COVER AND BACK MATTER

  • Journal:
    The ANZIAM Journal / Volume 65 / Issue 4 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    10 May 2024, pp. b1-b4
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Understanding Fluid Flow
  • Grae Worster
  • Published online:
    30 April 2024
    Print publication:
    14 December 2009
  • Understanding Fluid Flow takes a fresh approach to introducing fluid dynamics, with physical reasoning and mathematical developments inextricably intertwined. The 'dry' fluid dynamics described by potential theory is set within the context of real viscous flows to give fundamental insight into how fluids behave. The book gives a flavour of theoretical, experimental and numerical approaches to analysing fluid flow, and implicitly develops skills in applied mathematical modelling of physical systems. It is supplemented by movies that are freely downloadable.

Measurement in Fluid Mechanics
  • 2nd edition
  • Stavros Tavoularis, Jovan Nedić
  • Published online:
    25 April 2024
    Print publication:
    11 April 2024
  • Thoroughly revised and expanded, the new edition of this established textbook equips readers with a robust and practical understanding of experimental fluid mechanics. Enhanced features include improved support for students with emphasis on pedagogical instruction and self-learning, end-of-chapter summaries, 127 examples, 165 problems and refined illustrations, plus new coverage of digital photography, frequency analysis of signals and force measurement. It describes comprehensively classical and modern methods for flow visualisation and measuring flow rate, pressure, velocity, temperature, concentration, forces and wall shear stress, alongside supporting material on system response, measurement uncertainty, signal analysis, data analysis, optics, laboratory apparatus and laboratory practice. Instructor resources include lecture slides, additional problems, laboratory support materials and online solutions. Ideal for senior undergraduate and graduate students studying experimental fluid mechanics, this textbook is also suitable for an introductory measurements laboratory, and is a valuable resource for practising engineers and scientists in experimental fluid mechanics.

  • EXPONENTIAL ASYMPTOTICS USING NUMERICAL RATIONAL APPROXIMATION IN LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

  • Part of
  • CHRISTOPHER J. LUSTRI, SAMUEL CREW, S. JONATHAN CHAPMAN
  • Journal:
    The ANZIAM Journal / Volume 65 / Issue 4 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    22 April 2024, pp. 285-307
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  • Singularly perturbed ordinary differential equations often exhibit Stokes’ phenomenon, which describes the appearance and disappearance of oscillating exponentially small terms across curves in the complex plane known as Stokes lines. These curves originate at singular points in the leading-order solution to the differential equation. In many important problems, it is impossible to obtain a closed-form expression for these leading-order solutions, and it is therefore challenging to locate these singular points. We present evidence that the analytic leading-order solution of a linear differential equation can be replaced with a numerical rational approximation using the adaptive Antoulas–Anderson (AAA) method. Despite such an approximation having completely different singularity types and locations, we show that the subsequent exponential asymptotic analysis accurately predicts the exponentially small behaviour present in the solution. For sufficiently small values of the asymptotic parameter, this approach breaks down; however, the range of validity may be extended by increasing the number of poles in the rational approximation. We present a related nonlinear problem and discuss the challenges that arise due to nonlinear effects. Overall, our approach allows for the study of exponentially small asymptotic effects without requiring an exact analytic form for the leading-order solution; this permits exponential asymptotic methods to be used in a much wider range of applications.

  • FLUID INJECTION IN A POROUS MEDIUM: THE RADIAL SAFFMAN–TAYLOR INSTABILITY

  • Part of
  • SIENNA E. COOK, LARRY K. FORBES, STEPHEN J. WALTERS
  • Journal:
    The ANZIAM Journal / Volume 65 / Issue 4 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 April 2024, pp. 347-383
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  • We consider planar flow involving two viscous fluids in a porous medium. One fluid is injected through a line source at the origin and moves radially outwards, pushing the second, ambient fluid outwards. There is an interface between the two fluids and if the inner injected fluid is of lower viscosity, the interface is unstable to small disturbances and radially directed unstable Saffman–Taylor fingers are produced. A linearized theory is presented and is compared with nonlinear results obtained using a numerical spectral method. An additional theory is also discussed, in which the sharp interface is replaced with a narrow diffuse interfacial region. We show that the nonlinear results are in close agreement with the linearized theory for small-amplitude disturbances at early times, but that large-amplitude fingers develop at later times and can even detach completely from the initial injection region.

Page 14 of 406