Objectives/Goals: Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis. This project explores both universal technical limitations and region-specific socioeconomic barriers of screening strategies and the importance of novel biomarkers within the Puerto Rican healthcare context. Methods/Study Population: We conducted a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed literature of lung cancer detection strategies, ranging from the current clinical standard – LDCT – to emerging non-invasive technologies, including serum protein biomarkers (CYFRA 21-1, CEA, SCC, NSE, ProGRP, HE4), exhaled breath analysis (nitric oxide/nitrites and volatile organic compounds), and liquid biopsies (ctDNA). Each approach was examined for its technical constraints and the implementation challenges it poses in Puerto Rico, such as limited access, high cost, and logistical barriers. Results/Anticipated Results: While LDCT remains the global gold standard and has demonstrated mortality reduction, its application in Puerto Rico is hindered by false positives and limited accessibility. Novel non-invasive biomarkers CYFRA 21-1, CEA, SCC, NSE, ProGRP, HE4, nitric oxide/nitrites, volatile organic compounds, and ctDNA) show significant potential but currently suffer from inconsistent sensitivity and specificity. We are conducting an ongoing study recruiting newly diagnosed lung cancer patients to quantify these biomarkers and compare them with healthy controls. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Developing an integrated, multi-marker, non-invasive diagnostic panel represents a promising strategy to overcome healthcare disparities, enhance early detection, and ultimately reduce lung cancer mortality in Puerto Rico.

Objectives/Goals: Assess wellibeing and burnout among CTSI and affiliate scholars by deeply listening to stressors, supports, and sources of hope via Listening Circles, which served as both a therapeutic intervention and a tool for gathering qualitative data. Methods/Study Population: Listening Circles are facilitated group dialogues eliciting participants’ lived experiences, emotions, and perspectives in an environment that offers psychological safety. Listening Circles were conducted with five CTSI scholar groups (K, T, affiliates) to collect qualitative data and offer therapeutic support. Programs scheduled 60-minute voluntary sessions held via Zoom or in person. Program directors and staff did not attend. Sessions were recorded, and facilitators monitored both discussion and chat. Guidelines were shared in advance and reiterated during sessions. Participants were informed of recording and assured only de-identified, aggregate data would be used. Data were analyzed using inductive and deductive thematic methods by trained qualitative analysts. Results/Anticipated Results: Listening Circles revealed 4 themes: 1) Needs: stability (financial and career), fewer nonessential tasks, time for breaks, opportunities for connection, collaboration, and collegiality, and support for wellbeing, compassion, joy, and permission to care for oneself; 2) Sources of support: connecting with family, friends, colleagues, community, taking breaks, disconnecting from work, and engaging in non-work activity; 3) Resources: Financial support, reducing unnecessary workload, opportunities for connection, and access to well-being resources; and 4) Sources of hope: Family, community, small victories and positive feedback, engagement with science, research progress, and trainees. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Listening Circles fostered scholar connection and community while providing real-time insights into stressors and support systems. Their low-cost, adaptable format enabled responsive programming and may be replicable across CTSIs.

Objectives/Goals: The emergency department (ED) is a critical locus of care for mechanically ventilated patients. Emergency physician (EP) perceptions and decision-making on sedation for these patients have not been studied. We seek to characterize EP decision-making on sedatives. Methods/Study Population: This is a preliminary report of a single-center survey study. We surveyed senior residents and attending EP scaring for patients enrolled in an ongoing prospective cohort study of ED sedation. Surveys were delivered electronically. Respondents were asked to provide demographics, impressions effectiveness of the sedative infusions they administered, occurrence of related adverse events (AE), and ranking of factors influencing their decision-making. Respondents were also asked if they considered using other sedative infusions (propofol [PRO], fentanyl [FENT], dexmedetomidine [DEX], ketamine [KET], and midazolam [MDZ]), and why they chose not to use them. The use of bolus-dose sedatives was not assessed. Results/Anticipated Results: From October 2024 through September 2025, 174 surveys were sent and 127 completed (73%). PRO was most commonly used (94%), followed by FENT (51%) and DEX (14%). Effectiveness was highest for PRO (84% “somewhat” or “very” effective; FENT 75%, DEX 72%). The leading AE was hypotension (PRO 32%, DEX 17%). Effectiveness was the most important decision-making factor, familiarity the least. DEX, FENT, KET, and MDZ were considered but not used in about 25% of cases. Emerging themes from free-text comments included perception of under-sedation as an AE and influence of medication accessibility. Discussion/Significance of Impact: EPs perceive PRO as effective but associated with frequent AE, usually hypotension. Perceived effectiveness drives sedative selection. Our findings will inform the design of interventions to optimize ED sedation.

Objectives/Goals: This study aims to understand the relationship of intrapartum depression with gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention, given the inconsistent findings in prior research. These findings could inform intervention strategies to prevent maternal and fetal obstetric consequences as well as future maternal cardiometabolic sequelae. Methods/Study Population: We analyzed data from a randomized controlled trial at a tertiary care center. Participants had singleton pregnancies <15 weeks gestational age and BMI >=25; those with diabetes, severe hypertension, history of preterm birth, psychiatric illness, or substance use disorders were excluded. Baseline demographic and obstetric characteristics were obtained. Depression was measured using a modified Edenborough Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS). Maternal weights were a combination of measured clinical weights and self-reported weights. These were used in conjunction with CDC guidelines to determine adequate, excessive, or inadequate gestational weight gain at 37 weeks as well as to assess weight retention at 6 months postpartum. Regression analyses will be conducted in Stata18. Results/Anticipated Results: There were 375 participants enrolled in the study. Of these participants, 54.7% were White, 29.9% Black, 5.9% Asian, and 9.6% multi-racial/other; 9.1% were of Hispanic ethnicity. Mean age was 32.8 (SD: 5.0), and mean baseline weight was 198.8 lbs (SD: 39.9). Early pregnancy (<15 weeks gestation) BMI distribution was 35.5% 25-29.9 kg/m2, 48.0% 30-39.9 kg/m2, and 16.5% >= 40. Mean baseline EDPS score was 6.1. Planned analyses will evaluate the associations between baseline EDPS scores and (1) gestational weight gain at 37 weeks and (2) postpartum weight retention at 6 months. We hypothesize that higher baseline EPDS values will be associated with increased gestational weight gain and increased postpartum weight retention. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Excessive weight gain in pregnancy increases risk for complications such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and need for a Caesarian section. Postpartum weight retention increases risk for future cardiometabolic disease. Understanding risk factors for excess weight gain/retention will inform targeted screening and interventions.

Objectives/Goals: Most studies house mice at temperatures known to trigger moderate cold-induced hypermetabolism in addition to failing to consider sex as a biological variable, thereby limiting translatability. The major goal of this study was to evaluate metabolic responses to burn injury in male and female mice housed at standard and thermoneutral temperatures. Methods/Study Population: Following randomization, young male and female C57BL/6J mice (n=64; 16 per group, 50% male) were housed at room temperature (24°C; RT) or thermoneutrality (30°C; TN) for 14 days post sham or burn injury. Burn injuries involved 6.5cm2 in female mice and 8.6cm2 in male mice, translating to roughly 12.5% of the total body surface area. Energy expenditure was assessed through metabolic phenotyping, and DEXA scans (prior to injury and euthanasia) were performed to assess body composition. Semi-quantitative untargeted metabolomics were carried out on brown adipose tissue, heart, kidney, liver, plasma, spleen, and white adipose tissue. Results/Anticipated Results: Compared to TN, housing mice at RT resulted in 83% and 94% greater basal energy expenditure in male and female mice, respectively (p<0.0001 for both). Burns resulted in moderate hypermetabolism in mice housed at TN only, evidenced by ~20% increase in BEE (p = 0.037). Cachexia was greater in TN-housed mice, where males subjected to burn injury demonstrated greater BAT and WAT wasting when compared to RT housed mice (p < 0.01). At the proteomic level, RT housing masked the burn-stress response. Ingenuity pathway analysis and mitochondria-specific analyses revealed changes in the mitochondrial proteome were more pronounced in mice housed at TN compared to RT housed mice. Further, sexual dimorphisms in the global proteomic stress response to burn injury were more evident in mice housed at TN. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Housing mice below TN masks key physiological and tissue-specific proteomic responses to burn injury, thereby limiting the translational value of these models. Humanizing rodent physiology by housing mice at TN temperatures represents a tool to enhance the utility of mouse models to recapitulate stress response to burn trauma.

Objectives/Goals: Communicating science to varied audiences is an essential component of conducting research. This study evaluated how science communication training impacted participants’ knowledge, confidence, and skills; examined sustained application of achieved skills; and assessed overall satisfaction of the training. Methods/Study Population: The Montefiore-Einstein CTSA hub partnered with the Alda Center for Communicating Science to offer their Foundational Series. The series aims to build effective science communication skills to 40 research faculty, staff, and trainees via three weekly 3-hour virtual workshops: The Essentials, Small Group Coaching, and Science Through Narrative. Retrospective pre-post surveys were administered after each workshop to measure changes in self-reported knowledge, confidence, and skills related to each learning objective using a 7-point Likert scale. Pre- and post-program score differences were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Participants also rated pacing and likelihood to recommend each workshop to their peers. A 3-month follow-up survey assessed sustained application of skills. Results/Anticipated Results: Pre-workshop knowledge, skills, and confidence related to all learning objectives for each workshop were generally moderate (median Likert score of 4). Participants showed significant improvement across all areas, with median scores increasing by 1-2 points on a 7-point Likert scale immediately post-session (P < 0.0001). All workshops were well received, with most participants indicating they would recommend them to peers and found the length appropriate. The 3-month follow-up survey showed sustained skill uptake, with participants reporting sometimes, often, or always applying skills from the various learning objectives within each workshop: Essentials (89%–94%), Small Group Coaching (77%–94%), and Science Through Narrative (80%–90%). Discussion/Significance of Impact: Effective science communication helps researchers build trust, meet community needs, and promote collaboration in translational research. We found that a short training course in science communication improves skills, confidence, and knowledge, with sustained skill retention observed after three months.

Objectives/Goals: To tailor support for behavioral and social science research (BSSR), it is helpful to understand this broad category. As a first step to characterizing BSSR at University of Michigan (UM), our goal is to use a large language model (LLM) to identify health-related BSSR from a database of funded studies. Methods/Study Population: We are using a private, secure version of Open AI ChatGPT-4.1 LLM to evaluate whether studies are health-related BSSR or not based on the study team’s (1) abstract, (2) objectives, and (3) key words entered into UM’s internal research proposal system for all studies funded over the last 10 years (i.e., 2014 – 2024). The model included a prompt with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) definition of BSSR and was instructed to categorize the research as being BSSR, not BSSR, or possibly BSSR. Results from the LLM were compared for consistency with assessments made by human-made decision rules. Results/Anticipated Results: Preliminary results from a pilot sample of 150 studies funded in 2024 (~5%) reviewed by ChatGPT for BSSR status revealed: 6 false positives, 128 true negatives, 14 true positives, and 2 false negatives. Accuracy = 95%, precision = 70%, recall (sensitivity) = 88%, specificity = 96%, and F1 Score = 0.78. ChatGPT and human-based decisions differed primarily on cognition and vehicle technology studies and studies for which information was sparse. Further refinements to the prompt are being made and applied to the remaining studies funded in 2024 before expanding to the entire sample of studies from the last 10 years. Discussion/Significance of Impact: It is time and cost prohibitive for a human to review and classify all funded studies at UM as BSSR or not. Using LLMs offers the potential to make this classification work feasible with limited resources, which is a necessary step toward understanding the state of BSSR.

Objectives/Goals: Latinas experience more severe menopause symptoms compared to non-Hispanic white women, yet they are less likely to use menopause hormone therapy (MHT), often due to misinformation. This study was conducted to understand Latinas’ information needs and communication preferences regarding menopause and MHT. Methods/Study Population: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted with 22 self-reported Latinas/Hispanic women between 40 and 60 years (M = 47.7 ± 4.6 years), living or working in Southeast Texas. Six focus groups were conducted in English (2 in-person and 3 virtual) and Spanish (1 virtual), audio recorded and transcribed in English. Data were analyzed using emergent thematic analysis. Women completed an adapted version of The Menopause Society’s Menopause Health Questionnaire (English or Spanish). Results/Anticipated Results: Three informational needs emerged among Latinas: 1) Increase preparedness about menopausal expectations (i.e., physiology, symptoms/trajectory, treatment options); 2) MHT use and related risks; and 3) menopause information provided much earlier than symptoms appear, “the earlier the better.” Three communication preferences emerged: 1) Latinas obtain menopause information from midlife female family members (excluding mothers), friends and coworkers, internet searches, social media, magazines, and gynecologists; 2) prefer to obtain information from primary care providers, women’s health practitioners, and reputable organizations; and 3) prefer communication be provided via brochures, videos (i.e., waiting rooms), workshops/seminars, reputable websites, social media, and TV commercials. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Latinas’ express knowledge gaps about menopause and MHT, despite publicly available information. Providers and scientific organizations should better disseminate evidence-based information, in multiple formats, to improve menopause preparedness. Further research with larger Latina groups is needed.

Objectives/Goals: Rush University developed human-centered design studios to help translation research teams overcome recruitment and retention barriers in clinical trials. We describe the adaptation process and lessons learned when implementing these studios at The University of Chicago (UChicago). Methods/Study Population: UChicago studios followed the core Rush design, including study presentation, process mapping, partner identification, insight framing, and idea generation, but were adapted to local context and resources. The main adaptation transitioned the role of studio facilitator from a faculty human-centered design expert to trained research coordinators. This process included structured training and adaptation of workflows within the institutional context. Regular cross-institutional meetings provided a forum to debrief challenges and implement needed adjustments. Evaluation data included attendance records, post-session surveys, and regular debriefs to assess fidelity and adaptation. Results/Anticipated Results: In 2025, six 1-hour studios were held at UChicago, averaging eight participants per session (range 6–10; n=50). Participants included faculty and research, administrative, and community engagement staff. Feedback surveys (n=14) yielded a Net Promoter Score of 85 (12 promoters, 2 passives, and 0 detractors). Among respondents, 71% found sessions useful, 50% were first-time attendees, and 57% attended primarily to help research teams overcome recruitment barriers. Participants described the studios as valuable for generating concrete solutions and fostering cross-departmental connections. Key challenges included sustaining attendance, expanding presenter recruitment, and engaging more faculty. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Replication of design studios at UChicago demonstrates that the model can be sustained through trained non-faculty facilitators. Key lessons include the importance of faculty mentorship, facilitator training, consistent coordination, and cross-institutional learning to strengthen implementation.

Objectives/Goals: To explore how CTSA-supported research is cited and used in policy documents by applying Yu et al.’s (2023) coding framework. We aim to move beyond citation counts by examining how research engages with policy and identifying substantive examples of research informing policy decisions. Methods/Study Population: We will use Overton to identify CTSA-supported publications with the highest number of policy citations. For these highly cited publications, we will conduct a content analysis of the citing policy documents using Yu et al.’s (2023) motivation codes. These five codes classify how research is used in policy documents – from background context to supporting arguments or forming the policy evidence base – and help distinguish citations that reflect more versus less substantive research-to-policy engagement. We will then analyze coded data with Overton metadata (e.g., citing organization characteristics) to identify emerging patterns and assess whether substantive uses of research provide compelling examples of CTSA impact on policy. Results/Anticipated Results: We will report how CTSA-supported research is used in policy documents. This analysis will identify more meaningful examples of research engagement in policy – publications that inform or shape policy decisions versus those cited for background context. By linking these codes with Overton fields, such as citing organization characteristics, we will explore whether more meaningful uses of research are associated with specific organization types or sectors. Findings will offer preliminary insight into whether analyzing research use in policy documents can help evaluators identify strong examples of CTSA impact. Discussion/Significance of Impact: This study applies methods from scientometric policy citation analysis and builds on a growing focus within the CTSA program on research’s role in shaping policy. It moves beyond citation counts to identify meaningful cases of CTSA-supported research influencing policy and demonstrating impact.

Initiatives protecting wild animal health, including vaccination campaigns, medical treatments, and parasite control programs, have been implemented for decades. Their goal has been to safeguard human well-being, as well as to further conservationist goals. This paper argues that the well-being of wild animals, considered as sentient individuals, should be another crucial reason to expand these measures. Rather than treating animal health in a purely instrumental manner, this perspective aligns more closely with the ethos of the One Health paradigm. The paper presents examples of existing programs that benefit wild animals and could be broadened based on this idea. Next, it explains the kind of cross-disciplinary research framework—integrating animal welfare science, ecology, and other disciplines—needed to successfully develop effective ways to help wild animals. It then argues that the reasons to protect wild animal health also apply in the case of other ways to help wild animals. This is relevant especially in light of the very large scale of wild animal suffering.

Objectives/Goals: The aim is to discuss the impact of the Amplifying Lion Voices seminar. By the end of this presentation: * The participants will be able to explain at least two challenges faced by underrecognized researchers. * The participants will be able to summarize at least two successes by underrecognized researchers. Methods/Study Population: The participants were purposely selected among underrecognized faculty and scholars associated with Penn State CTSI working at Penn State Hershey or at the College of Health and Human Development at Penn State, University Park. Everyone (n = 5) was asked to participate in an hour-long seminar in which they were asked to respond to open-ended questions about their research focus areas, professional experiences, challenges, success stories, and lessons learned as members of under-resourced communities. People from the audience could also ask questions to each presenter. Each seminar was presented via Zoom and lasted between 45 minutes to an hour, and approximately 40 people from different Penn State campuses attended the seminars. Results/Anticipated Results: Overall, participants discussed early career challenges in research, including obtaining large grants to conduct research and recruiting research participants. Successes shared included having partnerships with local community groups, a research institute, and mentor support. They learned to pursue research ideas that they are passionate about, develop partnerships with others, and mentor other young scholars. Cumulative evaluation showed that over 70% of participants who completed the survey strongly agreed that the “session was valuable,” nearly 70% strongly agreed that the session made them “consider how a range of perspectives can positively impact research,” and nearly 45% strongly agreed that “they plan to make changes to create a more welcoming work environment.” Discussion/Significance of Impact: The ALV provided underrecognized faculty and scholars with an opportunity to share their stories and to promote a dialogue about their challenges, successes, and lessons learned. It also provided an opportunity for collaboration with other researchers across the Penn State CTSI network.

Objectives/Goals: Kidney transplant rejection is a leading cause of graft failure. Diagnosis is dependent on allograft biopsy that 1: focuses on immune infiltrate and 2: does not inform treatment or recovery potential. Using single-cell transcriptomic technologies, we assess rejection’s impact on kidney cells and begin to define outcome-affecting interactions. Methods/Study Population: Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on 25 kidney biopsies from 15 separate patients who had undergone acute cellular rejection. Cell typing was performed using canonical genes, and differential gene expression profiling was performed in R with Seurat. The proportion of cell types present at different time points and grades of rejection was determined. We focused first on renal parenchymal cell types and their gene expression changes with rejection grade and treatment of rejection. The spatial localization of these cell states was determined with spatial transcriptomics using the Xenium Prime 5K pan-human tissue panel on 11 kidney biopsy sections. After annotation, spatial-informed niches were identified to investigate cellular changes associated with injury. Results/Anticipated Results: From the single-cell data, we were able to identify several renal parenchymal cell states. Focusing on the proximal tubule (PT) cells as the most numerous cell type in the renal cortex, we identified healthy, injured, and damaged cell states based on expression of tubular injury markers, genes associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and expression of interferon-response genes. The proportion of PT cells in an injured state increased with rejection severity and decreased with rejection treatment. Utilizing the spatial transcriptomic data, we were able to identify both healthy and injured PT states and define their localization with immune cell types and histologic injury patterns. We found varied transcriptomic niches and that niches with injured PT cells were enriched with immune cells. Discussion/Significance of Impact: PT cells exhibit patterns of injury in response to rejection and when injured cells exist in spatial niches containing immune cells that are contributing or responding to injury. Understanding these interactions will further define the injury process caused by rejection and guide development of personalized rejection treatment.

Objectives/Goals: This poster will describe a national landscape analysis of mentoring programs for Clinical Research Professionals (CRPs) in academic medical centers, identifying gaps and opportunities for translational workforce development. This work is intended to inform planning and implementation of future initiatives. Methods/Study Population: Mentoring programs for CRPs are an important component of the workforce development landscape but have received less attention compared to faculty and trainee mentoring. In 2025, the CRP Task Force (CRPT) Special Interest Group (SIG) of the Association for Clinical and Translational Science (ACTS) convened a mentoring-focused working group. A short survey was distributed via the ACTS conference, SIG online community site, and presented at the CRPT SIG Spring and Summer 2025 meetings to identify institutions with current, past, or planned CRP mentoring programs. The goal was to map program characteristics beyond those represented in the working group. Respondents who opted in were invited to a virtual focus group in July 2025 to share additional insights. Results/Anticipated Results: Between April and July 2025, 29 complete survey responses were received. After removing duplicates, 11 institutions reported active CRP mentoring programs, 8 planned to implement future programs, and 6 had no current program or future intent. One institution had a discontinued CRP mentoring program. Including working group members, 16 programs were mapped. Most programs use a 1:1 mentoring model, two use group mentoring, and one uses a mixed approach. Common goals included career/professional development, networking, onboarding, and skill-building. Program scope varied widely, from a narrow focus on a few roles to programs open to any research employee. Future analysis will explore program buy-in, support, resources, and evaluation. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Mapping the landscape of CRP mentoring programs is a critical first step toward developing decision-making tools for institutions considering future implementation. Identifying shared and unique program features supports resource sharing, reduces duplication, and strengthens workforce development efforts.

Objectives/Goals: The objectives of this project were to (1) develop a multidimensional well-being index, reflecting personal capacities and environmental conditions, and (2) evaluate its association with preterm birth. The goal of this investigation was to illustrate the value of multidimensional well-being for understanding health outcomes. Methods/Study Population: The LIFE study was a retrospective cohort of postpartum US-born Black women (ages 18+) recruited 2009–2011 from a suburban Detroit hospital. Eligible participants self-identified as African American, had singleton births, and spoke English; exclusions included incarceration, cognitive impairment, or serious mental health conditions. Trained interviewers collected survey and medical data during postpartum stays. Of 1,410 recruits (71% response), 1,177 had complete data. Key variables were binarized; logistic regression models assessed associations with preterm birth. Results/Anticipated Results: Few of the 21 binarized variables showed individual statistical significance. Significant predictors included having someone to offer advice about a crisis or to listen when needing to talk about oneself or one’s problems, and self-rated physical and mental health satisfaction. Of the dimension scales, only the physical health scale (physical health rating, mental health rating, and mental health satisfaction) was significant. The overall well-being index was borderline significant for lower odds of preterm birth (OR=0.934, 95% CI: 0.887–1.002, p=0.0593), reaching significance when adjusted for maternal age (OR=0.938 95% CI: 0.883-0.998, p=0.0414). Discussion/Significance of Impact: This study’s findings underscore that well-being is best understood as a holistic interconnected construct. By centering context, this approach advances health equity, encourages systemic accountability and change, and inspires innovative public health research.

Objectives/Goals: To quantify the association between proximity to harm-reduction vending machines and recurrent nonfatal overdose using recurrent-event survival models, estimate effects on time to reoverdose and hazard, and identify modifiable predictors to guide machine sitting. Methods/Study Population: Retrospective cohort of Milwaukee County nonfatal overdoses, Jan 2018 to Dec 2023 (28,108 events; 20,300 people). Records were geocoded, deduplicated, linked within person, and tagged as single or recurrent. Exposure: residence or event within a 30 min walk of a harm-reduction vending machine. Recurrence summarized with Kaplan-Meier curves and mean cumulative function. An interrupted time series (ITS) assessed pre- vs post-HRVM expansion. For inference, we compared Andersen-Gill, Prentice-Williams-Peterson, and Cox ML models, selecting AG gap time. Covariates: age, sex, race, jurisdiction, location type, disposition, proximity. Assumptions checked; hazards reported with 95% CIs. Results/Anticipated Results: 2018 to 2023: 28,108 nonfatal overdoses among 20,300 people; 3,803 had repeats (11,611 events). Inter-event times shortened with each recurrence. Kaplan–Meier for first to second overdose showed small, consistent separation favoring those within 30 min of HRVMs; mean cumulative functions rose more slowly near HRVMs. The selected Andersen–Gill gap-time model found no meaningful short-term effect of proximity (aHR ≈ 1.03, 95% CI 1.00–1.06). Younger age and public or commercial locations predicted faster recurrence. County ITS suggested stabilization after HRVM expansion without a clear early reduction. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Early HRVM rollout yields small reductions in cumulative recurrence without a meaningful short-term hazard change. Results support MOUD linkage and mobile outreach targeting younger people and public settings. The recurrent-event and ITS framework is generalizable for sitting and monitoring.

Objectives/Goals: Navigating uncertainty with emerging technologies used in human research is an ongoing concern for HRPPs and IRBs. This poster aims to describe how collaboration between IRB Offices within a geographic region yields support to address questions and explore possible solutions in a local context. Methods/Study Population: The Southeastern Wisconsin, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI) includes joint faculty appointments, shared research resources, and various partnerships between researchers and the IRBs of the institutions. In response to increases in projects using AI, one of the partnering institutions inquired with partnering IRB administrators for information on their processes reviewing AI-related research and the connection resulted in monthly meetings between the IRBs. The meetings began with an AI-specific focus but have since developed into a mechanism to support researchers with group members conferring on example submissions and discussing overlapping initiatives. Results/Anticipated Results: This effort has assisted in furthering the mission of the CTSI by lowering barriers to conducting collaborative research. The workgroup partnered to develop a guidance document for researchers seeking to utilize AI in research and for IRB members reviewing the projects. Also, several institutions adapted similar content for protocol submissions, and three implemented consistent questions within the submission forms for research involving AI. In addition, the workgroup has driven individual action at each institution and increased comfort with reaching out to one another for general guidance and advice. Discussion/Significance of Impact: The group was successful in building resources and infrastructure around the review of research utilizing artificial intelligence. A local IRB work group has the potential to address ongoing IRB-related issues and topics within the local context of the geographical region.

Methods/Study Population: We partnered with a local urban public school district to access school records for K5-5th grade students (N = 16, 528) in the district during the 2023–2024 school year. Students were matched to teachers and their SELC instruction records. Number of SELC lessons received over the school year was evaluated a predictor of discipline referrals and suspensions. Mixed effects zero-inflated negative binomial regression controlled for classroom- and school-level variation and the left-shifted distribution of disciplinary outcomes. Moderators were student race/ethnicity and gender. Covariates included age, economic disadvantage, special education status, days absent, and school characteristics including number of discipline referrals and suspensions per student and percent SELC completion. Results/Anticipated Results: We found that the number of SELC lessons predicted significantly fewer referrals for chronic disruption (β = −0.21, p < 0.001). Referrals for disorderly conduct, fighting, and chronic disruption were most common. On average per student, there were 1.44 (SD 1.49) referrals, 0.28 (SD 0.53) suspensions, and students received 11 (SD 9) of 20 total SELC lessons over the school year. However, SELC was 90% less effective for African American students, 80% less effective for Hispanic students, and not at all effective for Asian students compared to non-Hispanic White students in reducing chronic disruption referrals. SELC was also more effective for female students compared to male students for reducing chronic disruption referrals and not effective for reducing fighting referrals or suspensions among male students. Discussion/Significance of Impact: SELC had an inequitable impact on reducing chronic disruption referrals by race, ethnicity, and gender. The groups impacted tended to have fewer chronic disruption referrals compared to non-Hispanic White students, which may have contributed to this finding. However, the degree of difference suggests a need to improve equitable impacts of SELC.

Objectives/Goals: Misinterpreting hazard ratio (HR) as absolute risk reduction is common in randomized trials (RCTs) with time-to-event endpoints, inflating benefit. We quantify this by describing risk ratio (RR) estimators for survival data and compare HRs with milestone and time-averaged RRs across a large collection of cancer RCTs. Methods/Study Population: We conducted a meta-epidemiological study in a convenience sample of more than 650 cancer RCTs (2002–2024), excluding trials without reported benefit, those stopped early, or non-inferiority designs. Pseudo-individual patient data were reconstructed from survival curves for overall survival and other event-free endpoints (such as progression-free survival). From these, we calculated Cox HRs and milestone-based RRs on common time supports. We also calculated time-constant RRs and weighted-averages of time-varying RRs. Primary contrasts were inverse-variance pooled HR/RR ratios for each RR definition. HR/RR < 1 indicates larger effects with HR as compared to RR. Results/Anticipated Results: In a preliminary subset (n=120 trials), the pooled HR/RR ratio was 0.80 (95% confidence interval, 0.76 to 0.82): interpreting the HR as a RR would overstate benefit by 20%. Although all included trials reported statistically significant HR < 1, only 73% had RR < 1 and statistically significant: over one quarter failed to show benefit on the absolute risk scale. Results were consistent when using time-constant and weighted-average RRs. We anticipate comparable findings in the full sample. Discussion/Significance of Impact: This study quantifies the inflation that arises when HRs are read as RRs. Reporting RR estimators for time-to-endpoints alongside HRs would improve communication of trial effects. Our findings also have design implications: to detect absolute risk reductions, RCTs would often need larger N or longer follow-up.