Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T02:19:38.980Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

States and Social Processes in Africa: A Historiographical Survey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2016

John Lonsdale
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

This survey can only be one historian's view of a large and controversial matter. African states are contested objects of study on two grounds, the one particular to the changing preoccupations of Africanists, the other common to the humanities in general. European colonialism was a living denial of the ability of Africans to organize their own sovereignties. African studies emerged out of colonialism's decay, in part a sort of recantation, in part a dimension of informal empire. The analysis of past and present African states could not fail to act as a lightning conductor of warring emotions, ideologies, and theories, categories which have often not been very distinct. The first African histories after the colonial era tended to be, as the first studies in political science were necessarily, studies in state-formation as achievement. In more recent years, it has been objected that these were really chronicles of injury, not, as was thought, of pride; for states were and are engines of oppression, not civilization (for early protests, see Soyinka, 1967; Wrigley, 1971; Chanock, 1972b; and later, Markovitz, 1977: 25-55). Moreover, most Africans did not actually live in states until colonial rule fastened Leviathan's yoke upon them. Indeed, the most distinctively African contribution to human history could be said to have been precisely the civilized art of living fairly peaceably together not in states.

The dispute was really over the evolutionist assumption that it is in some sense “better” to live in states, a premise so deeply rooted in most of us that it can seem almost an insult to explore analytically “the notion of statelessness, long abandoned by historians of Africa” (Uzoigwe, 1980: 115).

Type
Research Article
Information
African Studies Review , Volume 24 , Issue 2-3: Social Science and Humanistic Research on Africa: An Assessment , September 1981 , pp. 139 - 226
Copyright
Copyright © African Studies Association 1981

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Aaronovitch, S., and Aaronovitch, K. (1947) Crisis in Kenya. London: Lawrence and Wishart.Google Scholar
Abu-Lughod, Ibrahim. (1967) “The Transformation of the Egyptian Elite: Prelude to the Urahi Revolt,” Middle Eastern Journal 21, 3: 325–44.Google Scholar
Adam, Heribert, and Giliomee, Hermann. (1979) Ethnic Power Mobilized: Can South Africa Change? New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Adeleye, R. A. (1971a) “Hausaland and Bornu, 1600-1800,” pp. 485–530 in Ajayi, J. F. A. and Crowder, Michael (eds.) History of West Africa, I. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Adeleye, R. A. (1971b) Power and Diplomacy in Northern Nigeria, 1804-1906: the Sokoto Caliphate and its Enemies. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Ajayi, J. F. A., and Smith, Robert S. (1964) Yoruba Warfare in the Nineteenth Century. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Ajayi, J. F. A., and Smith, Robert S.(1965) Christian Missions in Nigeria, 1841-1891: The Making of a New Elite. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Akintoye, S. A. (1971) Revolution and Power Politics in Yorubaland, 1840-1893. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Alagoa, E. J. (1970) “Long-Distance Trade and States in the Niger Delta,” Journal of African History XI, 3: 319–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alagoa, E. J. (1971) “The Development of Institutions in the States of the Eastern Niger Delta," Journal of African History XII, 2: 269–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alavi, Hamza. (1972) “The State in Post-Colonial Societies: Pakistan and Bangladesh,” New Left Review 74: 59–81.Google Scholar
Almond Gabriel, A., and Coleman, James S. (eds.). (1960) The Politics of the Developing Areas. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Amin, Samir. (1972) “Underdevelopment and Dependence in Black Africa—Origins and Contemporary Forms,” Journal of Modern African Studies 10, 4: 503–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amin, Samir.(1973) Neo-Colonialism in West Africa. Harmondsworth: Penguin.Google Scholar
Anderson, David M. (1982) “A History of the Peoples of the Baringo Plains, 1890-1940.” Cambridge University Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Anderson, Perry. (1962) “Portugal and the End of Ultra-Colonialism,” New Left Review 15: 83–102; 16: 88-123; 17: 85-114.Google Scholar
Anderson, Perry. (1974) Lineages of the Absolute State. London: New Left Books.Google Scholar
Anderson, Perry. (1980) Arguments within English Marxi. London: New Left Books.Google Scholar
Andreski, Stanislav. (1968) The African Predicament: A Study in the Pathology of Modernisation. London: Michael Joseph.Google Scholar
Anstey, Roger. (1966) King Leopold's Legacy: The Congo under Belgian Rule, 1908-1960. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Apter, David E. (1955) The Gold Coast in Transition. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Apter, David E. (1961) The Political Kingdom in Uganda. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Arhin, Kwame. (1967) “The Financing of the Ashanti Expansion, 1700-1820,” Africa XXXVII, 3 (1967): 283–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arrighi, G. (1967) The Political Economy of Rhodesia. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Arrighi, G. (1970) “Labour Supplies in Historical Perspective: A Study of the Proletarianization of the African Peasantry in Rhodesia,” Journal of Development Studies 6, 3: 197–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Artucio, Alejandro. (1979) The Trial of Macias in Equatorial Guinea: The Story of a Dictatorship. Geneva: International Commission of Jurists.Google Scholar
Atieno-Odhiambo, E. S. (1981) “Seven Theses on Nationalism in Kenya,” Nairobi Branch of Kenya Historical Association, public lecture: 16 October.Google Scholar
Austin, Dennis. (1964) Politics in Ghana, 1946-1960. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Awe, Bolanle. (1973) “Militarism and Economic Development in Nineteenth Century Yoruba Country: The Ibadan Example,” Journal of African History XIV, 1: 65–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Azarya, Victor. (1980) “Traders and the Center in Massina, Kong, and Samori's State,” International Journal of African Historical Studies 13, 3: 420–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balandier, Georges. (1951) “La Situation Coloniale: Approche Théorique,” Cahiers internationaux de sociologie XI: 44–79; reprinted, pp. 34-61 in Wallerstein (1966).Google Scholar
Ballard, Charles. (1980) “John Dunn and Cetshwayo: The Material Foundations of Political Power in the Zulu Kingdom, 1857-1878,” Journal of African History 21, 1: 75–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barber, William J. (1961) The Economy of British Central Africa: A Case Study of Economic Development in a Dualistic Society. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Barnes, J. A. (1962) “African Models in the New Guinea Highlands,” Man LXII: 5–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnes, J. A. (1969) “The Politics of Law,” pp. 99–118 in Douglas, Mary and Kaberry, Phyllis M. (eds.) Man in Africa. London: Tavistock Press.Google Scholar
Bates, Darrell. (1972) A Gust of Plumes: A Biography of Lord Twining of Godalming and Tanganyika. London: Hodder and Stoughton.Google Scholar
Bates, R. H. (1971) Unions, Parties, and Political Development: A Study of Mineworkers in Zambia. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Bates, R. H. (1979) review of Palmer and Parsons (1977), African Economic History 8: 238–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bates, R. H. (forthcoming) Essays in Rural Africa. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bauer, P. T. (1954) West African Trade: A Study of Competition, Oligopoly, and Monopoly in a Changing Economy. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bazin, Jean. (1975) “Guerre et servitude à Ségou,” pp. 135–81 in Meillassoux, Claude (1975).Google Scholar
Beach, D. N. (1979) “‘Chimurenga’: The Shona Rising of 1896-97,” Journal of African History 20, 3:633–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beattie, John. (1971) The Nyoro State. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Beckman, Björn. (1976) Organizing the Farmers: Cocoa Politics and National Development in Ghana. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies.Google Scholar
Beinart, William. (1979) “Joyini Inkomo: Cattle Advances and the Origins of Migrancy from Pondoland,” Journal of Southern African Studies 5, 2: 199–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berman, Bruce J. (1973) “Administration and Politics in Colonial Kenya.” Yale University Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Berman, Bruce J. (1974) “Clientelism and Neocolonialism: Center-Periphery Relations and Political Development in African States,” Studies in Comparative International Development 9, 2: 3–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berman, Bruce J. and Lonsdale, J. M. (1980) “Crisis of Accumulation, Coercion, and the Colonial State: The Development of the Labor Control System in Kenya, 1919-1929,” Canadian Journal of African Studies 14, 1: 55–81.Google Scholar
Berman, Bruce J. (1980) “Articulation, Class Struggle, and the Specificity of the Colonial State.” Paper for 23rd Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association, Philadelphia (October).Google Scholar
Berman, Bruce J. (1981) “Class Struggle and the Origins of the Relative Autonomy of the Capitalist State.” Paper for Annual Meeting, American Political Science Association.Google Scholar
Bernstein, Henry, and Depelchin, Jacques. (1978, 1979) “The Object of African History: A Materialist Perspective,” History in Africa 5: 1–19; 6: 17-43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berque, Jacques. (1967) French North Africa: The Maghrib between Two World Wars. London: Faber (originally Paris: 1962).Google Scholar
Bienen, Henry. (1967) Tanzania: Party Transformation and Economic Development. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Bienen, Henry. (1974) Kenya, the Politics of Participation and Control. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Bonner, Philip. (1980) “Classes, the Mode of Production and the State in Pre-colonial Swaziland,” pp. 80–101 in Marks, and Atmore, (1980).Google Scholar
Bonner, Philip.(forthcoming) Kings, Commoners, and Concessionnaires. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Boston, J. S. (1964) “The Hunter in Igala Legends of Origin,” Africa XXXIV, 2: 116–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bozzoli, Belinda. (1981) The Political Nature of a Ruling Class: Capital and Ideology in South Africa, 1890-1933. London: Routledge Kegan and Paul.Google Scholar
Bradbury, R. E. (1969) “Patrimonialism and Gerontocracy in Benin Political Culture,” pp. 17–36 in Douglas, Mary and Kaberry, Phyllis M. (eds.) Man in Africa. London: Tavistock Press.Google Scholar
Braudel, Fernand. (1972, 1973) The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II. London: Collins, 2 vols.Google Scholar
Braudel, Fernand. (1974) Capitalism and Material Life, 1400-1800. London: Fontana.Google Scholar
Brenner, Robert. (1976) “Agrarian Class Structure and Economic Development in Pre-Industrial Europe,” Past & Present 70: 30–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brenner, Robert. (1977) “The Origins of Capitalist Development: A Critique of Neo-Smithian Marxism,” New Left Review 104: 25–92.Google Scholar
Brett, E. A. (1973) Colonialism and Underdevelopment in East Africa: The Politics of Economic change, 1919-1939. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Brett, E. A. (1975) “The Political Economy of General Amin,” I.D.S. Bulletin (Brighton) 7, 1: 15–22.Google Scholar
Brown, L. H. (1968) “Agricultural Change in Kenya, 1945-1960,” Food Research Institute (Stanford) Studies in Agricultural Economics, Trade, and Development VIII: 33–90.Google Scholar
Brown, Richard. (1969) “The external relations of the Ndebele kingdom in the pre-partition era,” pp. 259–81 in Thompson, Leonard (ed.) African Studies in Southern Africa. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Burke, Peter. (1980) Sociology and History. London: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Bundy, Colin. (1979) The Rise and Fall of the South African Peasantry. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Cabral, Amilcar. (1969) Revolution in Guinea. London: Stage 1.Google Scholar
Campbell, Bonnie. (1978) “The Ivory Coast,” pp. 66–116 in Dunn, (1978).Google Scholar
Cell, John W. (1980) “On the Eve of Decolonization: the Colonial Office's Plans for the Transfer of Power in Africa, 1947,” Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History VIII, 3: 235–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chabal, Patrick. (1981) “National Liberation in Portuguese Guinea, 1956-1974,” African Affairs 80, 318: 75–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chabal, Patrick.(forthcoming) Amilcar Cabral: Revolutionary Leadership and People's War. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Chanock, Martin. (1972a) “The Political Economy of Independent Agriculture in Colonial Malawi: the Great War to the Great Depression,” Journal of Social Science l: 1–17.Google Scholar
Chanock, Martin. (1972b) “Development and Change in the History of Malawi,” pp. 429–41 in Pachai, B. (ed.) The Early History of Malawi. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Churchill, Winston. (1908) My African Journey. London: Hodder and Stoughton.Google Scholar
Clarence-Smith, W. G. (1977) “For Braudel: A Note on the ‘Ecole des Annates’ and the Historiography of Africa,” History in Africa 4: 275–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cobbing, Julian. (1974) “The evolution of the Ndebele Amabutho,” Journal of African History XV, 4: 607–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cobbing, Julian. (1977) “The Absent Priesthood: Another Look at the Rhodesian Risings of 1896-1897,” Journal of African History XVIII, 1: 61–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, Abner. (1971) “Cultural Strategies in the Organization of Trading Diaspora,” pp. 266–78 in Meillassoux, Claude (ed.) The Development of Indigenous Trade and Markets in West Africa. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, Abner.(1981) The Politics of Elite Culture: Explorations in the Dramaturgy of Power in a Modern African Society. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, G. A. (1978) Karl Marx's Theory of History: A defence. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, Robin. (1974) Labour and Politics in Nigeria, 1945-1971. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Cohen, Robin.(1980) “Resistance and Hidden Forms of Consciousness amongst African Workers,” Review of African Political Economy 19: 8–22.Google Scholar
Cohen, Ronald. (1978) “State Origins: A Reappraisal,” pp. 31–70 in Claessen, Henri J. M. and Skalnik, P. (eds.) The Early State. The Hague: Mouton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coleman, James S. (1954) “Nationalism in Tropical Africa,” American Political Science Review XLVIII: 404–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coleman, James S. (1963) Nigeria: Background to Nationalism. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Coleman, James S. and Rosberg, Carl G. Jr. (eds.). (1964) Political Parties and National Integration in Tropical Africa. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coleman, James S. and Rosberg, Carl G. Jr. (1967) “The Resurrection of Political Economy,” Mawazo 1 (June): 31–40.Google Scholar
Colonial Office. (1955) East Africa Royal Commission 1953-1955 Report: Cmd. 9475. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Colson, Elizabeth. (1969) “African Society at the Time of the Scramble,” pp. 27–65 in Gann, L. H. and Duignan, Peter (eds.) Colonialism in Africa, 1870-1960, I. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cooper, Frederick. (1979) “The Problem of Slavery in African Studies,” Journal of African History 20, 1: 103–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cooper, Frederick. (1980) From Slaves to Squatters: Plantation Labor and Agriculture in Zanzibar and Coastal Kenya, 1890-1925. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Cooper, Frederick.(1981) “Africa and the World Economy” African Studies Review XXIV, 2/3: 000-000.Google Scholar
Copans, Jean, and Seddon, David. (1978) “Marxism and Anthropology: a preliminary survey,” pp. 1–46 in Seddon, David (ed.) Relations of Production: Marxist Approaches to Economic Anthropology. London: Cass.Google Scholar
Coquery-Vidrovitch, Catherine. (1969) “Recherches sur un mode de production Africain,” La Pensée 144: 61–78; translated, pp. 77-92 in Peter C. W. Gutkind and Peter Waterman (eds.) African Social Studies: a radical reader. London: Heinemann (1977).Google Scholar
Coquery-Vidrovitch, Catherine.(1977) “Mutation de l'imperialisme coloniale francais dans les années 30,” African Economic History 4: 103–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corrigan, Philip, Ramsay, Harvey, and Sayer, Derek. (1981) “The State as a Relation of Production,” pp. 1–25 in Corrigan, Philip (ed.) Capitalism, State Formation, and Marxist Theory. London: Quartet.Google Scholar
Cowen, Michael. (1972) “Differentiation in a Kenya Location.” East African Social Science Conference paper, Nairobi.Google Scholar
Cowen, Michael. (1974) “Patterns of Cattle Ownership and Dairy Production, 1900-1965.” Nairobi University: mimeo.Google Scholar
Cowen, Michael. (1975) “Wattle Production in the Central Province: Capital and Household Commodity Production, 1903-1964.” Nairobi University: mimeo.Google Scholar
Cowen, Michael. (1976) “Capital and Peasant Households.” Nairobi University: mimeo.Google Scholar
Cowen, Michael. (1980) “The British State, State Enterprise, and an Indigenous Bourgeoisie in Kenya after 1945.” Centre for Development Studies, Swansea: mimeo.Google Scholar
Cowen, Michael.(1981) “Commodity Production in Kenya's Central Province,” pp. 121–42 in Heyer, Judith, Roberts, Pepe, and Williams, Gavin (eds.) Rural Development in Tropical Africa. London: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Creech Jones, A. (1947) Despatch from the Secretary of State for the Colonies to the Governors of the African Colonies. Colonial Office (25 February).Google Scholar
Creech Jones, A. (1951) “British colonial policy, with particular reference to Africa,” International Affairs 27, 2: 176–183.Google Scholar
Crummey, Donald. (1980) “Abyssinian Feudalism,” Past and Present 89: 115–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crummey, Donald and Stewart, C. C. (1981) “The Poverty of Precolonial African Historiography,” pp. 11–34 in Crummey, and Stewart, (eds.) Modes of Production in Africa: The Precolonial Era. Beverly Hills and London: Sage.Google Scholar
Curtin, Philip D. (1975) Economic Change in Precolonial Africa: Senegambia in the Era of the Slave Trade. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Curtin, Philip D. Feierman, Steven, Thompson, Leonard, and Vansina, Jan. (1978) African History. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Curtis, Lionel. (1951) With Milner in South Africa. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.Google Scholar
Daniel, J. B. (1973) “A Geography of pre-Shakan Zululand,” South African Geographical Journal 55, 1: 23–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davidson, Basil. (1959) Old Africa Rediscovered. London: Gollancz.Google Scholar
Davidson, Basil. (1975) Can Africa Survive? London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Davidson, Basil. (1977) “Questions about Nationalism,” African Affairs 302: 39–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davies, Robert, Kaplan, David, Morris, Mike, and O'Meara, Dan. (1976) “Class Struggle and the Periodisation of the State in South Africa,” Review of African Political Economy 7: 4–30.Google Scholar
Davies, Robert, Kaplan, David, Morris, Mike, and O'Meara, Dan. (1979) Capital, State, and White Labour in South Africa, 1900-1970. Brighton: Harvester.Google Scholar
Decalo, Samuel. (1976) Coups and Army Rule in Africa. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
de Heusch, Luc. (1972) Le roi ivre: ou I'origine de I'état. Paris: Gallimard.Google Scholar
Delius, Peter N. (1980) “The Pedi Polity under Sekwati and Sekhukhune, 1828-1880.” London University Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Denoon, Donald. (1978) “The Dynamics of Dependent Development.” Cambridge University Commonwealth and Overseas History Seminar paper.Google Scholar
Deutsch, Karl W. (1961) “Social Mobilization and Political Development,” American Political Science Review lv, 3: 492–514.Google Scholar
Dike, K. Onwuka. (1956) Trade and Politics in the Niger Delta, 1830-1885. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Dorward, D. C. (1974) “Ethnography and Administration: A Study of Anglo-Tiv ‘Working Misunderstanding’,” Journal of African History XV, 3:457–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dumett, Raymond E. (1979) “Precolonial Gold Mining and the State in the Akan Region: with a Critique of the Terray Hypothesis,” Research in Economic anthropology 2: 37–68.Google Scholar
Dumont, René. (1966) False Start in Africa. London: Deutsch. (Originally Paris: 1962.)Google Scholar
Dunn, John, and Robertson, A. F. (1973) Dependence and Opportunity: Political Change in Ahafo. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Dunn, John, and Robertson, A. F. (1978) “Comparing West African States,” pp. 1–21 in Dunn, (ed.) West African States: Failure and Promise. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunn, John, and Robertson, A. F. (1982) “Understanding Revolutions,” Ethics XCII, 2 (January).Google Scholar
Easton, David. (1957) “An Approach to the analysis of Political Systems,” World Politics IX, 3: 383–400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ehrensaft, Philip. (1977) “The Rise of a Proto-bourgeoisie in Yorubaland,” pp. 116–24 in Gutkind, Peter C. W. and Waterman, Peter (eds.) African Social Studies: a radical reader. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Eley, Geoff. (1981) “Nationalism and Social History,” Social History 6, 1: 83–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eliot, T. S. (1938) Murder in the Cathedral. London: Faber, 4th edition.Google Scholar
Etherington, Norman A. (1978) Preachers, Peasants, and Politics in Southeast Africa, 1835-1880: African Christian Communities in Natal, Pondoland, and Zululand. London: Royal Historical Society.Google Scholar
Etherington, Norman A. (1979) “Labour Supply and the Genesis of South African Confederation in the 1870s,” Journal of African History 20, 2: 235–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fallers, L. A. (1955) “The Predicament of the Modern African Chief,” American Anthropologists 57, 2: 290–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fallers, L. A. (1959) “Despotism, Status Culture, and Social Mobility in an African Kingdom," Comparative Studies in Society and History II, 1: 11–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fallers, L. A. (1964) The King's Men: Leadership and Status in Buganda on the Eve of Independence. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Fanon, Frantz. (1965) The Wretched of the Earth. London: MacGibbon and Kee (originally Paris: 1961).Google Scholar
Feierman, Steven. (1974) The Shambaa Kingdom: A History. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Fieldhouse, D. K. (1973) Economics and Empire, 1830-1914. London: Weidenfeld.Google Scholar
First, Ruth. (1970) The Barrel of a Gun: Political Power in Africa and the Coup d'Etat. London: Allen Lane.Google Scholar
Flint, Eric. (1970) “Trade and Politics in Barotseland during the Kololo period,” Journal of African History XI, 1: 71–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ford, John. (1971) The Role of the Trypanosomiases in African Ecology: A Study of the Tsetse-fly problem. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Fortes, M., and Evans-Pritchard, E. E. (1940) “Introduction,” pp. 1–23 in Fortes, and Evans-Pritchard, (eds.) African Political Systems. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Foster-Carter, Aidan. (1978) “The Modes of Production Controversy,” New Left Review 107: 47–77.Google Scholar
Fox, Renee C., de Craemer, Willy, and Ribeaucourt, Jean-Marie. (1965) “‘The Second Independence’: A Case Study of the Kwilu Rebellion in the Congo,” Comparative Studies in Society and History VII, 1: 78–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frederickson, George M. (1981) White Supremacy: a comparative study in American and South African History. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Freund, W. M. (1981) “Class Conflict, Political Economy, and the Struggle for Socialism in Tanzania,” African Affairs 8O, 321: 483–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fried, Morton H. (1967) The Evolution of Political Society. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
Furedi, Frank. (1975) “The Kikuyu Squatters in the Rift Valley, 1918-1929,” pp. 177–94 in Ogot, B. A. (ed.) Hadith 5: Economic and Social History of East Africa. Nairobi: East Africa Literature Bureau.Google Scholar
Furnivall, J. S. (1948) Colonial Policy and Practice: A Comparative Study of Burma and Netherlands India. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
SirFurse, Ralph. (1962) Aucuparius: Recollections of a Recruiting Officer. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gallagher, John, and Robinson, Ronald. (1953) “The Imperialism of Free Trade,” Economic History Review 2nd series, VI, 1: 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gellner, Ernest. (1969) Saints of the Atlas. London: Weidenfeld.Google Scholar
Gellner, Ernest. (1973) Cause and Meaning in the Social Sciences. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Gertzel, Cherry. (1980) “Uganda after Amin: the Continuing Search for Leadership and Control,” African Affairs 79, 317: 461–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glentworth, Garth, and Hancock, Ian. (1973) “Obote and Amin: change and Continuity in Modern Uganda Politics.” African Affairs 72, 288: 237–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gluckman, Max. (1955) Custom and Conflict in Africa. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Goody, Jack. (1963) “Feudalism in Africa?” Journal of African History IV, 1: 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goody, Jack. (1971) Technology, Tradition, and the State in Africa. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Goody, Jack. (1976) Production and Reproduction: A Comparative Study of the Domestic Domain. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Goody, Jack. (1977) The Domestication of the Savage Mind. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gough, Ian. (1979) The Political Economy of the Welfare State. London: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gray, Richard, and Birmingham, David. (1970) “Some Economic and Political Consequences of Trade in Central and Eastern Africa in the Pre-Colonial Period,” pp. 1–23 in Gray, and Birmingham, (eds.) Pre-Colonial African Trade. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Greenberg, Stanley B. (1980) Race and State in Capitalist Development: Comparative Perspectives. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Gunther, John. (1953) Inside Africa. New York: Harper.Google Scholar
Guy, Jeff. (1979) The Destruction of the Zulu Kingdom: The Civil War in Zululand, 1879-1884. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Guy, Jeff. (1980) “Ecological factors in the rise of Shalca and the Zulu kingdom,” pp. 102–19 in Marks, and Atmore, (1980).Google Scholar
Guyer, Jane I. (1978) “The Food Economy and French Colonial Rule in Central Cameroun,” Journal of African History XIX, 4: 577–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guyer, Jane I. (1981) “Household and Community,” African Studies Review XXIV, 2/3: 000-000.Google Scholar
Hall, Martin. (1976–1977) “Ethnography, Environment, and the History of the Nguni in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries,” pp. 11–20 in London University, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, The Societies of Southern Africa in the 19th and 20th Centuries 8.Google Scholar
Harris, Laurence. (1980) “The State and the Economy: Some Theoretical Problems,” pp. 243–62 in Miliband, Ralph and Saville, John (eds.) The Socialist Register 1980. London: Merlin Press.Google Scholar
Hartwig, Gerald W., and Patterson, K. David (eds.). (1978) Disease in African History. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Hay, Margaret Jean. (1976) “Luo Women and Economic change during the Colonial Period,” pp. 87–109 in Hafkin, Nancy J. and Bay, Edna G. (eds.) Women in Africa: Studies in Social and Economic change. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Hedges, David W. (1978) “Trade and Politics in Southern Mozambique and Zululand in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.” London University Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Hess, Robert L. (1970) Ethiopia, the Modernization of Autocracy. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Hill, Polly. (1963) The Migrant Cocoa-Farmers of Southern Ghana: a study in rural capitalism. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hill, Polly. (1977) Population, Prosperity, and Poverty: Rural Kano, 1900 and 1970. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hindess, Barry, and Hirst, Paul Q. (1975) Pre-Capitalist Modes of Production. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hodgkin, Thomas. (1956) Nationalism in Colonial Africa. London: Muller.Google Scholar
Hodgkin, Thomas. (1976) “Where the Paths Began,” pp. 6–16 in Fyfe, C. (ed.) African Studies since 1945: A Tribute to Basil Davidson. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Holloway, John, and Picciotto, Sol (eds.) (1978) State and Capital: A Marxist Debate. London: Arnold.Google Scholar
Hopkins, A. G. (1973) An Economic History of West Africa. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Hopkins, A. G. (1976) “Imperial Business in Africa,” Journal of African History XVII, 1 and 2: 29–48, 267–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hopkins, A. G. (1980a) “Africa's Age of Improvement,” History in Africa 7: 141–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hopkins, A. G. (1980b) “Property Rights and Empire-building: Britain's annexation of Lagos, 1861,” Journal of Economic History XL, 4: 777–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horton, Robin. (1971) “Stateless societies in the history of West Africa,” pp. 78–119 in Ajayi, J. F. A. and Crowder, Michael (eds.) History of West Africa I. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Horwitz, Ralph. (1967) The Political Economy of South Africa. London: Weidenfeld.Google Scholar
Houghton, D. Hobart. (1964) The South African Economy. Cape Town: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Huntington, Samuel P. (1968) Political Order in Changing Societies. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Hyden, Göran. (1968) Tanu Yajenga Nchi: Political Development in Rural Tanzania. Lund: Scandinavian University Books.Google Scholar
Hyden, Göran. (1980) Beyond Ujamaa in Tanzania: Underdevelopment and an Uncaptured Peasantry. London: Heinemann.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ilchman, Warren F., and Uphoff, Norman Thomas. (1971) The Political Economy of Change. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Iliffe, John. (1969) “The Age of Improvement and Differentiation, 1907-1945,” pp. 123–60 in Kimambo, I. N. and Temu, A. J. (eds.) A History of Tanzania. Nairobi: East Africa Publishing House.Google Scholar
Iliffe, John. (1970) “A History of the Dockworkers of Dar es Salaam,” Tanzania Notes and Records 71: 119–48.Google Scholar
Iliffe, John. (1979) A Modern History of Tanganyika. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ingle, Clyde R. (1972) From Village to State in Tanzania: The Politics of Rural Development. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Inikori, J. E. (1977) “The import of firearms into West Africa, 1750-1807,” Journal of African History Will, 3: 339–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Isaacman, Allen F. (1972) Mozambique: The Africanization of a European Institution—The Zambezi Prazos, 1750-1902. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Isaacman, Allen F. (1976) The Tradition of Resistance in Mozambique: Anti-Colonial Activity in the Zambezi Valley. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Jamal, A. H. (1965) The Critical Phase of Emergent African States. Nairobi: East African Publishing House.Google Scholar
Janowitz, Morris. (1964) The Military in the Political Development of New Nations: An Essay in Comparative analysis. University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeeves, Alan. (1975) “The Control of Migratory Labour on the South African Gold Mines in the Era of Kruger and Milner,” Journal of Southern African Studies 2, 1: 3–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeffries, Richard. (1978a) Class, Power, and Ideology in Ghana: The Railwaymen of Sekondi. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeffries, Richard. (1978b) “Political Radicalism in Africa: The Second Independence,” African Affairs 308: 335–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jessop, Bob. (1977) “Recent Theories of the Capitalist State,” Cambridge Journal of Economics 1: 353–73.Google Scholar
Jewsiewicki, Bogumil. (1977) “The Great Depression and the making of the Colonial Economic system in the Belgian Congo,” African Economic History 4: 153–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jewsiewicki, Bogumil.(1979) “Zaire Enters the World System: its colonial incorporation as the Belgian Congo, 1885-1960,” pp. 29–53 in Gran, G. (ed.) Zaire: The Political Economy of Underdevelopment. New York: Praeger.Google Scholar
Johnson, Marion. (1976) “The Economic Foundations of an Islamic Theocracy: the case of Massina,” Journal of African History XVII, 4: 481–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, Marion. (1980) “Polanyi, Peukert, and the political economy of Dahomey,” Journal of African History 21, 3: 395–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnstone, Frederick. (1976) Class, Race, and Gold: A study of class relations and racial discrimination in South Africa. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Jones, G. I. (1963) The Trading States of the Oil Rivers. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kahn, J. S., and Llobera, J. R. (1980) “French Marxist Anthropology: twenty years after,” Journal of Peasant Studies 8: 81–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanogo, Tabitha. (1980) “The Political Economy of Kikuyu Movement into the Rift Valley, 1900-1963: the case study of Nakuru District.” Nairobi Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Kanya-Forstner, A. S. (1969) The Conquest of the Western Sudan. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kasfir, Nelson. (1976) The Shrinking Political Arena: Participation and Ethnicity in African Politics, with a Case Study of Uganda. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katz, Stephen. (1980) Marxism, Africa, and Social Class: A Critique of Relevant Theories. Montreal: McGill University, Center for Developing-Area Studies.Google Scholar
Kay, G. B. (1972) The Political Economy of Colonialism in Ghana. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kea, R. A. (1973) “Trade, State Formation, and Warfare on the Gold Cost.” London University Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Kilson, Martin. (1963) “African Political change and the Modernisation Process,” Journal of Modern African Studies 1, 4: 425–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kilson, Martin. (1966) Political Change in a West African State: a study of the modernisation process in Sierra Leone. Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kilson, Martin. (1970) “The emergent élites of black Africa, 1900-1960,” pp. 351–98 in Gann, L. H. and Duignan, Peter (eds.) Colonialism in Africa II. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kipkorir, B. E. (1969) “The Alliance High School and the Origins of the Kenya African Elite, 1926-1962.” Cambridge University Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Kipkorir, B. E. (1974) “The Inheritors and Successors: The Traditional Background to the Modern Kenyan African Elite, c. 1890-1930,” Kenya Historical Review 2, 2: 143–61.Google Scholar
Kirk-Greene, A. H. M. (ed.). (1979) Africa in the Colonial Period, III: The Transfer of Power—The Colonial Administrator in the Age of Decolonisation. Oxford University: Inter-Faculty Committee for African Studies.Google Scholar
Kirk-Greene, A. H. M. (1980a) “The Thin White Line: The Size of the Colonial Service in Africa,” African Affairs 79, 314: 25–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirk-Greene, A. H. M.(1980b) “‘Damnosa Hereditas’: Ethnic Ranking and the Martial Races Imperative in Africa,” Ethnic and Racial Studies 3, 4: 393–414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitching, Gavin. (1980) Class and Economic Change in Kenya: the making of an African Petite-Bourgeoisie, 1905-1970. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Kiwanuka, Semakula. (1971) A History ofBuganda. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Kjekshus, Helge. (1977) “The Tanzanian Villagization Policy. Implementational Lessons and Ecological Dimensions,” Canadian Journal of African Studies 11, 2: 269–82.Google Scholar
Klein, Martin A. (1968) Islam and Imperialism in Senegal: Sine-Saloum, 1847-1914. Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Klein, Martin A. (1972) “Social and Economic Factors in the Muslim Revolution in Senegambia,” Journal of African History XIII, 3: 419–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuper, Leo, and Smith, M. G. (eds.). (1969) Pluralism in Africa. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Kuper, Leo, and Smith, M. G. (1971) “African Nationalism in South Africa, 1910-1964,” pp. 424–76 in Wilson, Monica and Thompson, Leonard (eds.) The Oxford History of South Africa II. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Kuper, Leo, and Smith, M. G. (1981) Genocide: its political use in the twentieth century. Harmondsworth: Penguin.Google Scholar
Lamb, Geoff. (1975) “Marxism, Access, and the State,” Development and change 6, 2: 119–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Langdon, Steven. (1977) “The State and Capitalism in Kenya,” Review of African Political Economy 8: 90–98.Google Scholar
Langdon, Steven. (1978) “The Multinational Corporation in the Kenya Political Economy,” pp. 134–200 in Kaplinsky, Raphael (ed.) Readings on the Multinational Corporation in Kenya. Nairobi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Last, Murray. (1967) The Sokoto Caliphate. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Latham, A. J. H. (1973) Old Calabar, 1600-1891: the Impact of the International Economy upon a Traditional Society. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Law, Robin. (1977a) The Oyo Empire C.1600-C.1836: A West African Imperialism in the Era of the Atlantic Slave Trade. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Law, Robin. (1977b) “Royal Monopoly and Private Enterprise in the Atlantic Slave Trade: the Case of Dahomey,” Journal of African History XVIII, 4: 555–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Law, Robin. (1978a) “Slaves, Trade, and Taxes: the Material Base of Political Power in Precolonial West Africa,” Research in Economic Anthropology 1: 37–52.Google Scholar
Law, Robin. (1978b) “In search of a Marxist perspective on pre-colonial tropical Africa,” Journal of African History XIX, 3: 441–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Law, Robin. (1980) The Horse in West African History. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Law, Robin. (1981) “How not to be a Marxist historian: the Althusserian threat to African history,” pp. 313–19 in Samuel, Raphael (ed.) People's History and Socialist Theory. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Lee, J. M. (1967) Colonial Development and Good Government. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Legassick, Martin. (1974) “South Africa: capital accumulation and violence,” Economy and Society III, 3: 253–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Legassick, Martin. (1977) “The concept of pluralism: a critique,” pp. 44–50 in Gutkind, P. C. W. and Waterman, P. (eds.) African Social Studies: a radical reader. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Legassick, Martin.(1980) “The frontier tradition in South African historiography,” pp. 44–79 in Marks, and Atmore, (1980).Google Scholar
Legum, Colin. (1954) Must we lose Africa? London: Allen.Google Scholar
Lemarchand, Rene. (1973) “African Power through the Looking-Glass,” Journal of Modern African Studies 11,2: 305–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levine, Donald N. (1965) Wax and Gold: Tradition and Innovation in Ethiopian Culture. Chicago University Press.Google Scholar
Levine, Donald N. (1974) Greater Ethiopia: The Evolution of a Multiethnic Society. Chicago University Press.Google Scholar
Levtzion, Nehemia. (1971) “Patterns of Islamization in West Africa,” pp. 31–39 in McCall, D. F. and Bennett, N. R. (eds.) Aspects of West African Islam. Boston University Papers on Africa 5.Google Scholar
Lewis, I. M. (1968) “Introduction,” pp. ix–xxxviii in Lewis, (ed.) History and Social Anthropology. London: Tavistock Press.Google Scholar
Leys, Colin. (1959) European Politics in Southern Rhodesia. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Leys, Colin. (1965) “What is the Problem about Corruption?” Journal of Modern African Studies 3, 2: 215–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leys, Colin. (1967) Politicians and Policies: an essay on politics in Acholi, Uganda, 1962-65. Nairobi: East African Publishing House.Google Scholar
Leys, Colin. (1971) “Politics in Kenya: The Development of Peasant Society,” British Journal of Political Science I, 3: 307–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leys, Colin. (1975) Underdevelopment in Kenya: The Political Economy of Neo-Colonialism. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Leys, Colin. (1976) “The ‘Overdeveloped’ Post-Colonial State: a Re-evaluation,” Review of African Political Economy 5: 39–48.Google Scholar
Leys, Colin. (1978) “Capital Accumulation, Class Formation, and Dependency—the Significance of the Kenyan Case,” pp. 241–66 in Miliband, R. and Saville, J. (eds.) The Socialist Register 1978. London: Merlin Press.Google Scholar
Leys, Norman. (1924) Kenya. London: Hogarth Press.Google Scholar
Liebenow, J. Gus (1971) Colonial Rule and Political Development in Tanzania: the case of the Makonde. Evanston: Northwestern University Press.Google Scholar
Lloyd, Peter C. (1965) “The Political Structure of African Kingdoms: An Exploratory Model,” pp. 63–109 in Banton, M. (ed.) Political Systems and the Distribution of Power. London: Tavistock Press.Google Scholar
Lloyd, Peter C. (ed.). (1966) The New Elites of Tropical Africa. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lloyd, Peter C. (1968a) “The Political Development of West African Kingdoms,” Journal of African History IX, 2: 319–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lloyd, Peter C. (1968b) “Conflict Theory and Yoruba Kingdoms,” pp. 25–58 in Lewis, .Google Scholar
Lloyd, Peter C. (1971) The Political Development of Yoruba Kingdoms in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. London: Royal Anthropological Institute.Google Scholar
Lonsdale, John. (1977) “The Politics of Conquest: The British in Western Kenya, 1894-1908,” Historical Journal 20, 4: 841–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lonsdale, John. with Stanley Booth-Clibborn and Andrew Hake. (1978) “The emerging pattern of Church and State co-operation in Kenya,” pp. 267–84 in Fashole-Luke, Edward, Gray, Richard, Hastings, Adrian, and Tasie, Godwin (eds.) Christianity in Independent Africa. London: Rex Collings.Google Scholar
Lonsdale, John and Berman, Bruce. (1979) “Coping with the Contradictions: the development of the Colonial State in Kenya, 1895-1914,” Journal of African History 20, 4: 487–505.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lonsdale, John and Berman, Bruce. (1981) “State and peasantry in colonial Africa,” pp. 106–17 in Samuel, Raphael (ed.) People's History and Socialist Theory. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Louis, Wm. Roger. (1977) Imperialism at Bay: the United States and the Decolonization of the British Empire, 1941-1945. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Lovejoy, Paul E. (1978) “Plantations in the Economy of the Sokoto Caliphate,” Journal of African History XIX, 3: 341–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Low, D. A. (1964) “The Advent of Populism in Buganda,” Comparative Studies in Society and Histoty VI, 4: reprinted in Low (1971).Google Scholar
Low, D. A. (1971) Buganda in Modern History. London: Weidenfeld.Google Scholar
Low, D. A. (1973) Lion Rampant. London: Cass.Google Scholar
Low, D. A. (1975) “Warbands and Ground-level Imperialism in Uganda, 1870-1900,” Historical Studies 16, 65: 584–597.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Low, D. A. and Lonsdale, J. M. (1976) “Introduction: Towards the New Order, 1945-1963,” pp. 1–64 in Low, D. A. and Smith, Alison (eds.) History of East Africa III. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Luckham, Robin. (1971) The Nigerian Military: A Sociological Analysis of Authority and Revolt, 1960-1967. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lukes, Steven. (1974) Power: A Radical View. London: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacGaffey, Wyatt. (1970) Custom and Government in the Lower Congo. berkeley and los angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Mafeje, Archie. (1971) “The Ideology of‘Tribalism’,” Journal of Modern African Studies 9, 2: 253–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maier, D. J. E. (1981) “The Dente Oracle, the Bron Confederation, and Asante: Religion and the Politics of Secession,” Journal of African History 22, 2: 229–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mamdani, Mahmood. (1976) Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Markovitz, I. Leonard. (1977) Power and Class in Africa. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Marks, Shula, and Trapido, Stanley. (1979) “Lord Milner and the South African State,” History Workshop 8. 50–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marks, Shula, and Trapido, Stanley. and Atmore, Anthony (eds.). (1980) Economy and Society in Pre-lndustrial South Africa. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl. (1954) The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte. Moscow: Progress Publishers.Google Scholar
Mazrui, Ali. (1967) “Tanzaphilia,” Transition 31: 20–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mbee, Gicha. (1965) “Letter from Mbugwe, Tanganyika,” edited and translated by Gray, Robert F., Africa 35, 2: 198–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCaskie, T. C. (1980) “Office, land, and subjects in the history of Manwere fekuo of Kumase: an essay in the political economy of the Asante state,” Journal of African History 21, 2: 189–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCracken, John. (1977) Politics and Christianity in Malawi, 1875-1940. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Meillassoux, Claude. (1964) Anthropologic economique des Gouro de Cote d'lvoire. Paris: Mouton.Google Scholar
Meillassoux, Claude. (1970) “A Class analysis of the Bureaucratic Process in Mali,” Journal of Development Studies 6, 2: 97–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meillassoux, Claude. (1972) “From reproduction to production: a Marxist approach to economic anthropology,” Economy and Society 1, 1:93–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meillassoux, Claude. (ed.). (1975) L'esclavage en Afrique précoloniale. Paris: Maspero.Google Scholar
Middlemass, Keith. (1979) Politics in Industrial Society: The experience of the British system since 1911. London: Deutsch.Google Scholar
Miers, Suzanne, and Kopytoff, Igor. (eds.). (1977) Slavery in Africa: Historical and Anthropological Perspectives. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Milburn, Josephine F. (1977) British Business and Ghanaian Independence. London: Hurst.Google Scholar
Miles, John. (1978) “Rural Protest in the Gold Coast: The Cocoa Hold-ups, 1908-1938,” pp. 152–70 in Dewey, Clive and Hopkins, A. G. (eds.) The Imperial Impact: Studies in the Economic History of Africa and India. London: Athlone Press.Google Scholar
Miller, Joseph C. (1976) Kings and Kinsmen: Early Mbundu States in Angola. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Miller, Joseph C. (1977) Review of Jantzen, John M. and MacGaffey, Wyatt (eds.) An Anthology of Kongo Religion (Kansas University Press: 1974), in Journal of African History XVIII, 1: 139–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitchell, Sir Philip. (1955) “Africa and the West in Historical Perspective,” pp. 3–24 in Haines, C. Grove (ed.) Africa Today. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins.Google Scholar
Moodie, T. Dunbar. (1975) The Rise of Afrikanerdom: Power, Apartheid, and the Afrikaner Civil Religion. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Moore, Barrington. (1978) Injustice: The Social Bases of Obedience and Revolt. Stamford, Conn.: Freimann (and London, Macmillan: 1979).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, Clement Henry. (1965) Tunisia since Independence: The Dynamics of One-Party Government. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Moore, Clement Henry. (1970) Politics in North Africa, Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia. Boston: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Morris, M. L. (1976) “The development of capitalism in South African agriculture: class struggle in the countryside,” Economy and Society 5; reprinted, pp. 202-253 in Wolpe (1980).Google Scholar
Morrow, Lance F. (1971–1972) “Pre-Mfecane carry-overs in subsequent Ndebele politics,” pp. 85–95 in London University, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, The Societies of Southern Africa in the 19th and 20th Centuries 3.Google Scholar
Morton-Williams, Peter. (1968) “The Fulani Penetration into Nupe and Yoruba in the Nineteenth Century,” pp. 1–24 in Lewis (1968).Google Scholar
Moseley, K. P. (1979) “The political economy of Dahomey,” Research in Economic Anthropology 2: 69–90.Google Scholar
Mosely, Paul. (1980) “The Settler Economies: studies in the economic history of Kenya and Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1963.” Cambridge University Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Mueller, Susanne D. (1980) “Retarded Capitalism in Tanzania,” pp. 203–26 in Miliband, Ralph and Saville, John (eds.) The Socialist Register, 1980. London: Merlin Press.Google Scholar
Murdock, George Peter. (1959) Africa, its Peoples and their Culture History. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Muriuki, Godfrey. (1974) A History of the Kikuyu, 1500-1900. Nairobi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Murray, Robin. (1971) “The Internationalization of Capital and the Nation State,” New Left Review 67: 84–109.Google Scholar
Murray, Roger. (1967) “Second Thoughts on Ghana,” New Left Review 42: 25–39.Google Scholar
Neale, Caroline. (1980) “Pride and Prejudice in African History: The Idea of Progress in African History, 1960-1970.” Sussex University D.Phil thesis.Google Scholar
Newbury, Colin. (1969) “Trade and Authority in West Africa from 1850 to 1880,” pp. 66–99 in Gann, L. H. and Duignan, Peter (eds.) Colonialism in Africa, 1870-1960 I. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Njonjo, Apollo L. (1977) “The Africanization of the ‘White Highlands’: A Study in Agrarian Class Struggles in Kenya, 1950-1974.” Princeton University Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Northrup, David. (1978) Trade without Rulers: Pre-Colonial Economic Development in South-Eastern Nigeria. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
O'Brien, Donal C. (1971) The Mourides of Senegal: The Political and Economic Organization of an Islamic Brotherhood. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
O'Brien, Donal C. (1972) “Modernization, Order, and the Erosion of a Democratic Ideal: American Political Science, 1960-70,” Journal of Development Studies 8: 351–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Connell, James. (1967) “The Inevitability of Instability,” Journal of Modern African Studies 5, 2: 181–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ogot, B. A. (1964) “Kingship and statelessness among the Nilotes,” pp. 284–304 in Vansina, J., Mauny, R., and Thomas, L. V. (eds.) The Historian in Tropical Africa. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ogot, B. A. (1967) History of the Southern Luo, I: migration and settlement. Nairobi: East African Publishing House.Google Scholar
Oliver, Roland. (1952) The Missionary Factor in East Africa. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Oliver, Roland. and Fage, J. D. (1962) A Short History of Africa. Harmondsworth: Penguin.Google Scholar
Oliver, Roland. (1963) “Epilogue,” pp. 454–56 in Oliver, Roland and Mathew, Gervase (eds.) History of East Africa I. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Oliver, Roland. (1977) “The East African Interior,” pp. 621–69 in Oliver, (ed.) The Cambridge History of Africa 3: from c. 1050 to c. 1600. Cambridge university Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oloruntimehin, B. O. (1972) The Segu Tukulor Empire. London: Longman.Google Scholar
O'Meara, Dan. (1977) “The Afrikaner Broderbond, 1927-1948: class vanguard of Afrikaner nationalism,” Journal of Southern African Studies 3, 2: 156–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Meara, Dan. (1978) “Analysing Afrikaner Nationalism: The ‘Christian-National’ assault on white trade unionism in South Africa, 1934-1948,” African Affairs 306: 45–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Omer-Cooper, J. D. (1966) The Zulu Aftermath: A Nineteenth-Century Revolution in Bantu Africa. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Owen, David E. (1955) Commentary on Mitchell (1955), pp. 25–29 in Haines, C. Grove (ed.) Africa Today. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins.Google Scholar
Palmer, Robin. (1972) “Johnston and Jameson: a comparative study of the imposition of colonial rule,” pp. 293–322 in Pachai, B. (ed.) The Early History of Malawi. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Palmer, Robin. and Parsons, Neil (eds.). (1977) The Roots of Rural Poverty in Central and Southern Africa. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Parkin, Frank. (1979) Marxism and Class Theory: A Bourgeois Critique. London: Tavistock Press.Google Scholar
Partridge, P. H. (1963) “Some Notes on the Concept of Power,” Political Studies XI, 2: 107–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perham, Margery. (1956, 1960) Lugard, I: The Years of Adventure, 1858-1898; II: the Years of Authority, 1898-1945. London: Collins.Google Scholar
Phillips, Anne. (1977) “The Concept of ‘Development’,” Review of African Political Economy 8: 7–20.Google Scholar
Plumb, J. H. (1969) The Growth of Political Stability in England, 1675-1725. Harmondsworth: Penguin.Google Scholar
Polanyi, Karl. (1966) Dahomey and the Slave Trade: An Analysis of an Archaic Economy. Washington University Press.Google Scholar
Post, Ken. (1972) “‘Peasantization’ and Rural Political Movements in Western Africa,” Archives europeennes de Sociologie XIII, 2: 223–54.Google Scholar
Poulantzas, Nicos. (1973) Political Power and Social Classes. London: New Left Books (originally Paris: 1968).Google Scholar
Poulantzas, Nicos. (1978) State, Power, Socialism. London: New Left Books.Google Scholar
Prins, Gwyn. (1980) The Hidden Hippopotamus. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Pratt, Cranford. (1976) The Critical Phase in Tanzania, 1945-1968: Nyerere and the emergence of a socialist strategy. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Quandt, William B. (1969) Revolution and Political Leadership: Algeria, 1954-1968. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press.Google Scholar
Raikes, P. L. (1975) “Ujamaa and Rural Socialism,” Review of African Political Economy 3: 33–52.Google Scholar
Ranger, T. O. (1967) Revolt in Southern Rhodesia, 1896-7. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Ranger, T. O. (1968) “Introduction,” pp. ix–xxii in Ranger, (ed.) Emerging Themes of African History. Nairobi: East Africa Publishing House.Google Scholar
Ranger, T. O. (1976) “Towards a Usable African Past,” pp. 17–30 in Fyfe, Christopher (ed.) African Studies since 1945: a tribute to Basil Davidson. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Ranger, T. O. (1980) “Making Northern Rhodesia Imperial—variations on a royal theme,” African Affairs 316: 349–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ranger, T. O. (1982) “Guerilla War and Peasant Violence: Makoni District, Zimbabwe.” Institute of Commonwealth Studies, London, seminar paper (February).Google Scholar
Rathbone, Richard. (1973) “Businessmen in Politics: Party Struggle in Ghana, 1949-57,” Journal of Development Studies 9, 3: 391–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rennie, J. K. (1978) “White Farmers, Black Tenants, and Landlord Legislation: Southern Rhodesia, 1890-1930,” Journal of Southern African Studies 5, 1: 86–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rey, Pierre-Philippe. (1971) Colonialisme, neo-colonialisme, et transition au capitalisme. Paris: Maspero.Google Scholar
Rey, Pierre-Philippe. (1973) Les alliances des classes. Paris: Maspero.Google Scholar
Richards, Audrey (ed.). (n.d.) Economic Development and Tribal Change: A Study of Immigrant Labour in Buganda. Cambridge: Heffer.Google Scholar
Riesman, David. (1958) “Introduction,” pp. 1–15 in Lerner, Daniel, The Passing of Traditional Society: Modernizing the Middle East. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Roberts, Andrew D. (1974) A History of the Bemba. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Roberts, Richard (1980a) “Long Distance Trade and Production: Sinsani in the Nineteenth Century,” Journal of African History 21, 2: 169–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, Richard (1980b) “Production and Reproduction in Warrior States: Segu Bambara and Segu Tokolor c. 1712-1890,” International Journal of African Historical Studies 13, 3: 389–419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, Richard and Klein, Martin. (1980) “The Banamba slave exodus of 1905 and the decline of slavery in the Western Sudan,” Journal of African History 21, 3: 375–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, Richard (1981) “Fishing for the State: The Political Economy of the Middle Niger Valley,” pp. 175–203 in Crummey and Stewart (1981).Google Scholar
Roberts, Simon. (1979) Order and Dispute: An Introduction to Legal Anthropology. Harmondsworth: Penguin.Google Scholar
Robertson, A. F. (1978) Community of Strangers: A Journal of Discovery in Uganda. London: Scolar Press.Google Scholar
Robinson, Ronald, and Gallagher, John, with Denny, Alice. (1961) Africa and the Victorians. London: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, Ronald, and Gallagher, John, with Denny, Alice. (1972) “Non-European foundations of European imperialism: sketch for a theory of collaboration,” pp. 117–40 in Owen, Roger and Sutcliffe, Bob (eds.) Studies in the Theory of Imperialism. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Robinson, Ronald, and Gallagher, John, with Denny, Alice. (1974) “The Journal and the Transfer of Power,” Journal of Administration Overseas XIII, 1: 255–58.Google Scholar
Robinson, Ronald, and Gallagher, John, with Denny, Alice. (1977) “European Imperialism and Indigenous Reactions in British West Africa, 1880-1914,” pp. 141–63 in Wesseling, H. L. (ed.) Expansion and Reaction: Essays on European Expansion and Reactions in Asia and Africa. Leiden University Press.Google Scholar
Robinson, Ronald, and Gallagher, John, with Denny, Alice. (1979) “The Moral Disarmament of African Empire, 1919-1947,” Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History VIII, 1: 86–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, Ronald, and Gallagher, John, with Denny, Alice. (1980) “Andrew Cohen and the Transfer of Power in Tropical Africa, 1940-1951,” pp. 50–72 in Morris-Jones, W. H. and Fischer, G. (eds.) Decolonisation and After: The British and French Experience. London: Cass.Google Scholar
Rodney, Walter. (1972) How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. London and Dar es Salaam: Bogle l'Ouverture and Tanzania Publishing House.Google Scholar
Ruel, Malcolm. (1969) Leopards and Leaders: Constitutional Politics among a Cross River People. London: Tavistock Press.Google Scholar
Rusch, Walter. (1975) Klassen und Staat in Buganda vor der kolonialzeit. Berlin: Veröffnungen des Museums für Völkerkunde zu Leipzig.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samoff, Joel. (1979) “The Bureaucracy and the Bourgeoisie: Decentralization and Class Structure in Tanzania,” Comparative Studies in Society and History 21, 1: 30–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandbrook, Richard. (1975) Proletarians and African Capitalism: The Kenyan Case, 1960-1972. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Saul, John. (1974a) “The State in Post-Colonial Societies: Tanzania,” pp. 349–72 in Miliband, R. and Saville, J. (eds.) Socialist Register 1974. London: Merlin Press.Google Scholar
Saul, John. (1974b) “African Peasants and Revolution,” Review of African Political Economy 1: 41–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schölch, A. (1974) “Constitutional Development in Nineteenth-Century Egypt: a Reconsideration,” Middle Eastern Studies 10, 1: 3–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schumpeter, Joseph. (1955) Imperialism and Social Classes: Two Essays. New York: Meridian Books.Google Scholar
Seal, Anil. (1973) “Imperialism and Nationalism in India,” pp. 1–27 in Gallagher, John, Johnson, Gordon, and Seal, A. (eds.) Locality, Province, and Nation: essays on Indian Politics, 1870 to 1940. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Seddon, David. (1981) Moroccan Peasants. London: Dawson.Google Scholar
Sender, John. (1982) “Tanzania: Alternative Views on Development.” Cambridge University, Centre of African Studies, seminar paper (February).Google Scholar
Service, Elman R. (1975) Origins of the State and Civilization. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Shepperson, George, and Price, Thomas. (1958) Independent African: John Chilembwe and the Origins, Setting, and Significance of the Nyasaland Native Rising of 1915. Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Shivji, Issa G. (1973) The Silent Class Struggle. Dar es Salaam: Tanzania Publishing House.Google Scholar
Shivji, Issa G. (1976) Class Struggles in Tanzania. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Sklar, Richard L. (1963) Nigerian Political Parties. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Sklar, Richard L. (1965) “Contradictions in the Nigerian Political System,” Journal of Modern African Studies 3, 2: 201–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sklar, Richard L. (1967) “Political Science and National Integration,” Journal of Modern African Studies 5, 1: 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sklar, Richard L. (1976) “Postimperialism: a class analysis of multinational corporate expansion,” Comparative Potitics IX, 1: 75–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sklar, Richard L. (1979) “The Nature of Class Domination in Africa,” Journal of Modern African Studies 17, 4: 531–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sklar, Richard L. (1981) “Response to John Lonsdale's ‘The State and Social Processes in Africa’.” Paper for 24th Annual Meeting, African Studies Association.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skocpol, Theda. (1979) States and Social Revolutions. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slade, Ruth. (1962) King Leopold's Congo. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Smaldone, Joseph P. (1977) Warfare in the Sokoto Caliphate. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, Alan. (1969) “The trade of Delagoa Bay as a factor in Nguni politics, 1750-1835,” pp. 171–89 in Thompson, Leonard (ed.) African Societies in Southern Africa. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Smith, Anthony D. (1971) Theories of Nationalism. London: Duckworth.Google Scholar
Smith, H. F. C. (1961) “A neglected theme of West African history: the Islamic revolutions of the nineteenth century,” Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria II, 1: 169–85.Google Scholar
Smith, L. D. (1976) “An Overview of Agricultural Development Policy,” pp. 111–51 in Heyer, J., Maitha, J. K., and Senga, W. M. (eds.) Agricultural Development in Kenya: An Economic Assessment. Nairobi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Smith, Tony. (1978) “A Comparative Study of French and British Decolonization,” Comparative Studies in Society end History 20, 1: 70–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sobania, Neal W. (1980) “The Historical Tradition of the Peoples of the Eastern Lake Turkana Basin, c. 1840-1925.” London University Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Southall, Aidan. (1956) Alur Society. Cambridge: Heffer.Google Scholar
Southall, Aidan. (1970) “The Illusion of Tribe,” Journal of Asian and African Studies 5, 1–2: 28–50.Google Scholar
Southwold, Martin. (1961) Bureaucracy and Chiefship in Buganda. Kampala: East African Institute of Social Research, East African Studies No. 14.Google Scholar
Southwold, Martin. (1968) “The History of a History: Royal Succession in Buganda,” pp. 127–52 in Lewis (1968).Google Scholar
Soyinka, Wole. (1967) “The Writer in an African State,” Transition 31: 11–13.Google Scholar
Spencer, Paul. (1973) Nomads in Alliance: symbiosis and growth among the Rendille and Samburu of Kenya. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Steinhart, Edward I. (1978) “Ankole: Pastoral Hegemony,” pp. 131–50 in Claessen, H. J. M. and Skalnik, P. (eds.) The Early State. The Hague: Mouton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinhart, Edward I. (1981) “Herders and Farmers: the Tributary Mode of Production in Western Uganda,” pp. 115–55 in Crummey and Stewart (1981).Google Scholar
Stemler, A. B. L., Harlan, J. R., and DeWet, J. M. J. (1975) “Caudatum Sorghums and Speakers of Chari-Nile languages in Africa,” Journal of African History XV, 2: 161–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevenson, Robert F. (1968) Population and Political Systems in Tropical Africa. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Stokes, Eric. (1970) “Traditional Resistance Movements and Afro-Asian Nationalism: The Context of the 1857 Mutiny Rebellion in India,” Past and Present 48: 100–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stokes, Eric. (1978) The Peasant and the Raj: studies in agrarian society and peasant rebellion in colonial India. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stone, Lawrence. (1979) “The Revival of Narrative: Reflections on a New Old History,” Past and Present 85: 3–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tamarkin, M. (1978) “The Roots of Political Stability in Kenya,” African Affairs 308: 297–320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terray, Emmanuel. (1972) Marxism and ‘Primitive’ Societies. New York: Monthly Review Press (originally Paris, 1969).Google Scholar
Terray, Emmanuel. (1975a) “La captivité dans le royaume abron du Gyaman,” pp. 389–453 in Meillassoux, Claude (ed.) L'esclavage en Afrique précoloniale. Paris: Maspero.Google Scholar
Terray, Emmanuel. (1975b) “Classes and Class Consciousness in the Abron Kingdom of Gyaman,” pp. 85–135 in Bloch, Maurice (ed.) Marxist Analyses and Social Anthropology. London: Malaby Press.Google Scholar
Therborn, Göran. (1971) “Jürgen Habermas: a New Eclecticism,” New Left Review 67: 69–83.Google Scholar
Therborn, Göran. (1980) The Ideology of Power and the Power of Ideology. London: New Left Books.Google Scholar
Thompson, E. P. (1965) The Making of the English Working Class. London: Gollancz.Google Scholar
Thompson, E. P. (1977) Whigs and Hunters: The Origin of the Black Act. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Thompson, E. P. (1978) The Poverty of Theory. London: Merlin Press.Google Scholar
Thompson, Leonard. (1975) Survival in Two Worlds: Moeshoeshoe of Lesotho, 1786-1870. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Thornton, John. (1977) “Demography and History in the Kingdom of the Kongo, 1550-1750,” Journal of African History XVIII, 4: 507–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tignor, Robert L. (1971) “Colonial Chiefs in Chiefless Societies,” Journal of Modern African Studies 9, 3: 339–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tordoff, William. (1965) Ashanti under the Prempehs, 1885-1935. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Tordoff, William. (1973) “Colonial Chiefs in a Chiefless Society: a case-study from Northern Uganda,” Journal of African History XIV, 3: 473–90.Google Scholar
Tordoff, William. (1978) Clan Leaders and Colonial Chiefs in Lango. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Tosh, John. (1980) “The Cash Crop Revolution in Tropical Africa: an agricultural reappraisal,” African Affairs 79, 314: 79–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tosh, John. (1981) “The Economy of the Southern Sudan under the British, 1898-1955,” Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History IX, 3: 275–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trapido, Stanley. (971) “South Africa in a Comparative Study of Industrialisation,” Journal of Development Studies 7, 3: 309–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trapido, Stanley. (1978) “Landlord and Tenant in a Colonial Economy: the Transvaal, 1880-1910,” Journal of Southern African Studies 5, 1: 26–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trapido, Stanley. (1980) “‘The friends of the natives’: merchants, peasants, and the political and ideological structure of liberalism in the Cape, 1854-1910,” pp. 247–74 in Marks and Atmore (1980).Google Scholar
Trevor-Roper, Hugh. (1965) The Rise of Christian Europe. London: Thames and Hudson.Google Scholar
Triulzi, Alessandro. (1981) “Decolonising African History,” pp. 286–96 in Samuel, Raphael (ed.) People's History and Socialist Theory. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Turner, Victor. (1957) Schism and Continuity in an African Society. Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Twaddle, Michael. (1972) “The Muslim Revolution in Buganda,” African Affairs 282: 54–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Twaddle, Michael. “Ganda receptivity to change,” Journal of African History XV, 2: 303–15.Google Scholar
Usman, Yusufu Bala, (n.d.) “The Transformation of Political Communities: Some Notes on the Perception of a Significant Aspect of the Sokoto Jihad.” History Department seminar paper, Ahmadu Bello University.Google Scholar
Uzoigwe, Godfrey N. (1980) Review of Tosh (1978) International Journal of African History Studies 13, 1.Google Scholar
van Binsbergen, Wim M. J. (1981) Religious Change in Zambia: Exploratory Studies. London and Boston: Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
van Onselen, C. (1972) “Reactions to Rinderpest in Southern Africa,” Journal of African History XIII, 3: 473–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vansina, Jan. (1966) Kingdoms of the Savanna. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Vansina, Jan. (1968) “The Use of Ethnographic Data as Sources for History,” pp. 96–124 in Ranger, T. O. (ed.) Emerging Themes in African History. Nairobi: East Africa Publishing House.Google Scholar
Vansina, Jan. (1973) The Tio Kingdom of the Middle Congo, 1880-1892. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Vansina, Jan. (1978) The Children of Woot: A History of the Kuba Peoples. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
van Zwanenberg, R. M. A. (1975) Colonial Capitalism and Labour in Kenya, 1919-1939. Nairobi: East African Publishing House.Google Scholar
Vatikiotis, P. J. (1968) “Some Political Consequences of the 1952 Revolution in Egypt,” pp. 362–87 in Holt, P. M. (ed.) Political and Social Change in Modern Egypt. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Vincent, J. (1977) “Colonial Chiefs and the Making of a Class,” Africa 47, 2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freyhold, von. (1979) Ujamaa Villages in Tanzania: analysis of a social experiment. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Waldman, Marilyn R. (1965) “The Fulani jihad: a Reassessment,” Journal of African History VI, 3: 333–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waller, R. D. (1978) “‘The Lords of East Africa’: The Maasai in the mid-nineteenth century, c. 1840-c. 1885.” Cambridge University Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Wallerstein, Immanuel. (1961) Africa, the Politics of Independence. New York: Vintage.Google Scholar
Wallerstein, Immanuel. (1964a) The Road to Independence: Ghana and the Ivory Coast. Paris: Mouton.Google Scholar
Wallerstein, Immanuel. (1964b) “Voluntary Associations,” pp. 318–39 in Coleman and Rosberg (1964).Google Scholar
Wallerstein, Immanuel. (ed.). (1966) Social Change: The Colonial Situation. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Wallerstein, Immanuel. (1974) The Modern World System: Capitalist Agriculture and the Origins of the European World-Economy in the Sixteenth Century. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Wambaa, R. M., and King, Kenneth. (1975) “The Political Economy of the Rift Valley: A Squatter Perspective,” pp. 195–217 in Ogot, B. A. (ed.) Hadith 5: Economic and Social History of East Africa. Nairobi: East Africa Literature Bureau.Google Scholar
Warren, Bill. (1980) Imperialism: Pioneer of Capitalism. London: New Left Books.Google Scholar
Washbrook, D. A. (1981) “Law, State, and Agrarian Society in Colonial India,” Modern Asian Studies 15, 33: 649–721.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waterman, Peter. (1977) “On Radicalism in African Studies,” pp. 1–17 in Gutkind, P. C. W. and Waterman, P. (eds.) African Social Studies: A Radical Reader. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Wayne, Jack. (1981) Structural Contradictions of the Colonial State: the Case of Tanganyika in the Early Years. Toronto University: Sociology Department.Google Scholar
Weber, Eugen. (1977) Peasants into Frenchmen: The Modernization of Rural France, 1870-1914. London: Chatto and Windus.Google Scholar
Webster, J. B. (ed.). (1979) Chronology, Migration, and Drought in Interlacustrine Africa. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Weiner, Myron. (1962) The Politics of Scarcity: Public Pressure and Political Response in India. Chicago University Press.Google Scholar
Weiskel, Timothy C. (1980) French Colonial Rule and the Baule Peoples: Resistance and Collaboration, 1889-1911. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Welsh, David. (1971) The Roots of Segregation: Native Policy in Colonial Natal, 1845-1910. Cape Town: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Werbner, Richard. (1967) “Federal Administration, Rank, and Civil Strife among Bemba Royals and Nobles,” Africa XXXVII, 1: 22–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitaker, C. S. Jr. (1970) The Politics of Tradition: Continuity and Change in Northern Nigeria, 1946-1966. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
White, Landeg. (1980) “Literature and History in Africa,” Journal of African History 21, 4: 537–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilks, Ivor. (1967) “Ashanti Government,” pp. 206–38 in Forde, Daryll and Kaberry, P. M. (eds.) West African Kingdoms in the Nineteenth Century. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Wilks, Ivor. (1971) Political Bi-Polarity in Nineteenth Century Asante. Edinburgh University: Centre of African Studies.Google Scholar
Wilks, Ivor. (1975) Asante in the Nineteenth Century: The structure and evolution of a political order. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wilks, Ivor. (1978) “Land, Labour, Capital, and the Forest Kingdom of Asante: A Model of Early Change,” pp. 487–534 in Friedmann, J. and Rowlands, M. J. (eds.) The Evolution of Social Systems. Pittsburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Wilks, Ivor. (1979) “The Golden Stool and the Elephant Tail: an Essay on Wealth in Asante,” Research in Economic Anthropology II: 1–36.Google Scholar
Williams, Gavin. (1976) “There is no theory of petit-bourgeois politics,” Review of African Political Economy 6: 84–89.Google Scholar
Willis, John Ralph. (1979) “The Torodbe Clerisy: A Social View,” Journal of African History XIX, 2: 195–212.Google Scholar
Wilson, Monica. (1959) Communal Rituals of the Nyakyusa. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Wilson, Monica. (1977) For Men and Elders: Change in the Relations of Generations and of Men and Women among the Nyakyusa-Ngonde People, 1875-1971. London: International African institute.Google Scholar
Wolpe, Harold. (1972) “Capitalism and cheap labour-power in South Africa: from segregation to apartheid,” Economy and Society 1, 4: 425–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolpe, Harold. (1980) “Introduction,” pp. 1–43 in Wolpe, (ed.) The Articulation of Modes of Production. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Wood, Alan. (1950) The Groundnut Affair. London: The Bodley Head.Google Scholar
Wright, Michael (1971) Buganda in the Heroic Age. Nairobi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Wrigley, C. C. (1959) “The Christian Revolution in Buganda,” Comparative Studies in Society and History II, 1: 33–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wrigley, C. C. (1965) “Kenya: The Patterns of Economic Life, 1902-1945,” pp. 209–64 in Harlow, Vincent and Chilver, E. M., with Smith, Alison (eds.) History of East Africa II. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Wrigley, C. C. (1971) “Historicism in Africa: Slavery and State Formation,” African Affairs 70, 279: 113–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wrigley, C. C. (1973) “The Story of Rukidi,” Africa XLIII, 3: 219–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wrigley, C. C. (1976) “Changes in East African Society,” pp. 508–43 in Low, D. A. and Smith, Alison (eds.) History of East Africa III. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Wrigley, C. C. (1978) “Sketch Maps of African Economic History.” Nairobi University, History Department Seminar paper (14 December).Google Scholar
Young, Crawford. (1970a) “Decolonization in Africa,” pp. 450–502 in Gann, L. H. and Duignan, Peter (eds.) Colonialism in Africa, 1870-1960 II. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Young, Crawford. (1970b) “Rebellion in the Congo,” pp. 969–1011 in Rotberg, Robert I. and Mazrui, Ali A. (eds.) Protest and Power in Black Africa. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Young, Crawford. (1976) The Politics of Cultural Pluralism. Madison: Wisconsin University Press.Google Scholar
Zolberg, Aristide R. (1966) Creating Political Order: The Party-States of West Africa. Chicago: Rand McNally.Google Scholar
Zolberg, Aristide R. (1968) “The Structure of Political Conflict in the New States of Tropical Africa,” American Political Science Review LXII, 1: 70–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar