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Effects of a resistance training community programme in older adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 January 2021

Majid Mufaqam Syed-Abdul Open the ORCID record for Majid Mufaqam Syed-Abdul [Opens in a new window] ,
Chrissa L. McClellan ,
Elizabeth J. Parks  and
Stephen D. Ball
Majid Mufaqam Syed-Abdul
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA MU-Extension, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
Chrissa L. McClellan
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA Howard A. Rusk Rehabilitation Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
Elizabeth J. Parks
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
Stephen D. Ball*
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA MU-Extension, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
*
*Corresponding author. Email: ballsd@missouri.edu
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Abstract

Ageing is associated with reduced muscle mass, strength, flexibility and balance, resulting in a poor quality of life (QOL). Past studies have occurred in highly controlled laboratory settings which provide strong support to determine whether similar gains can be made in community programmes. Twenty participants were enrolled in an eight-week community-based resistance training programme (mean age = 61.3 (standard error (SE) = 0.9) years); Body Mass Index = 32.0 (SE = 1.3) kg/m2). All participants completed surveys to assess outcomes associated with QOL. Given the relationship between muscle function and nerve health, nerve conduction studies (NCS) were also conducted in a separate group of participants (mean age = 64.9 (SE = 2.0) years; Body Mass Index = 32.6 (SE = 1.9) kg/m2). This community-based training programme significantly improved QOL measures in older adults (p < 0.001). Although weight loss was not the primary outcome of the study, participants reduced their body weights (p < 0.001), by primarily reducing fat mass (p = 0.007) while maintaining muscle mass. Significant improvements were observed in muscle strength (2.2%), flexibility and balance (3.2–464.2%, p ⩽ 0.05 for all). Improvements were also observed in plasma glucose (p = 0.05), haemoglobin A1C (p = 0.06) and aldolase enzyme levels (p < 0.001). Scores for surveys on memory and sleep improved (p < 0.05). Improved QOL was associated with increased lean mass (r = −0.714, p = 0.002), decreased fat mass (r = −0.702, p = 0.003) and improved flexibility and balance (r = −0.627, p = 0.008). An eight-week, community-based resistance training programme significantly improved QOL in older adults. Influence on the lipid profile and NCS still needs further investigation.

Keywords

strength trainingolder peoplemuscleStay StrongStay Healthyageingquality of life
Type
Article
Information
Ageing & Society , Volume 42 , Issue 8 , August 2022 , pp. 1863 - 1878
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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