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Agllias, Kylie 2016. Disconnection and Decision-making: Adult Children Explain Their Reasons for Estranging from Parents. Australian Social Work, Vol. 69, Issue. 1, p. 92.
Bai, Xue Lai, Daniel W.L. and Guo, Aimei 2016. Ageism and Depression: Perceptions of Older People as a Burden in China. Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 72, Issue. 1, p. 26.
Bordone, Valeria and de Valk, Helga A. G. 2016. Intergenerational support among migrant families in Europe. European Journal of Ageing, Vol. 13, Issue. 3, p. 259.
Chong, Alexandra Gordon, Alynn E. and Don, Brian P. 2016. Emotional Support from Parents and In-Laws: the Roles of Gender and Contact. Sex Roles,
David-Barrett, Tamas Kertesz, Janos Rotkirch, Anna Ghosh, Asim Bhattacharya, Kunal Monsivais, Daniel Kaski, Kimmo and Lambiotte, Renaud 2016. Communication with Family and Friends across the Life Course. PLOS ONE, Vol. 11, Issue. 11, p. e0165687.
Goldman, Alyssa W. 2016. All in the family: The link between kin network bridging and cardiovascular risk among older adults. Social Science & Medicine, Vol. 166, p. 137.
Jappens, Maaike and Van Bavel, Jan 2016. Parental Divorce, Residence Arrangements, and Contact Between Grandchildren and Grandparents. Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 78, Issue. 2, p. 451.
MENTING, BARBARA LAMMERS, MARRE RUITER, STIJN and BERNASCO, WIM 2016. FAMILY MATTERS: EFFECTS OF FAMILY MEMBERS’ RESIDENTIAL AREAS ON CRIME LOCATION CHOICE*. Criminology, Vol. 54, Issue. 3, p. 413.
Mönkediek, Bastian and Bras, Hilde A.J. 2016. The Interplay of Family Systems, Social Networks and Fertility in Europe Cohorts Born Between 1920 and 1960. Economic History of Developing Regions, Vol. 31, Issue. 1, p. 136.
ROOYACKERS, ILSE N. DE VALK, HELGA A. G. and MERZ, EVA-MARIA 2016. Mother–child relations in adulthood within and across national borders: non-Western immigrants in the Netherlands. Ageing and Society, Vol. 36, Issue. 10, p. 2010.
Woodthorpe, Kate and Rumble, Hannah 2016. Funerals and families: locating death as a relational issue. The British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 67, Issue. 2, p. 242.
Yan, Yunxiang 2016. Intergenerational Intimacy and Descending Familism in Rural North China. American Anthropologist, Vol. 118, Issue. 2, p. 244.
YU, REBECCA P. MCCAMMON, RYAN J. ELLISON, NICOLE B. and LANGA, KENNETH M. 2016. The relationships that matter: social network site use and social wellbeing among older adults in the United States of America. Ageing and Society, Vol. 36, Issue. 09, p. 1826.
Chappell, Neena L. 2015. The Encyclopedia of Adulthood and Aging.
Schwarts, Yehudit and Ayalon, Liat 2015. The experiences of older mothers following the return of an adult child home. Journal of Aging Studies, Vol. 33, p. 47.
Yahirun, Jenjira J. Perreira, Krista M. and Fuligni, Andrew J. 2015. Family Obligation Across Contexts. Journal of Family Issues, Vol. 36, Issue. 10, p. 1296.
Martín-Lagos López, María Dolores 2014. The Type of Support that Adult Children Solicit from Their Mothers in European Welfare Systems. Social Indicators Research, Vol. 117, Issue. 1, p. 209.
Mönkediek, Bastian and Bras, Hilde 2014. Strong and weak family ties revisited: reconsidering European family structures from a network perspective. The History of the Family, Vol. 19, Issue. 2, p. 235.
Mudrazija, Stipica 2014. The balance of intergenerational family transfers: a life-cycle perspective. European Journal of Ageing, Vol. 11, Issue. 3, p. 249.
Pushkar, Dolores Bye, Dorothea Conway, Michael Wrosch, Carsten Chaikelson, June Etezadi, Jamshid Giannopoulos, Constantina Li, Karen and Tabri, Nassim 2014. Does Child Gender Predict Older Parents’ Well-Being?. Social Indicators Research, Vol. 118, Issue. 1, p. 285.
Following Reher's (1998) seminal paper on family ties in western Europe, the perspective that family solidarity patterns are divided between an individualistic north and a famialistic south has dominated the literature. We challenge this view and address the variability in intergenerational family solidarity within and across countries. Using multiple dimensions of intergenerational solidarity drawn from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, we develop a typology of late-life families which is robust across northern, central and southern regions. The four types are: (a) descending familialism: living nearby, frequent contact, endorsement of family obligation norms, and primarily help in kind from parents to children, (b) ascending familialism: living nearby, frequent contact, endorsement of family obligation norms, and primarily help in kind from children to parents, (c) supportive-at-distance: not living nearby, frequent contact, refutation of family obligation norms, and primarily financial transfers from parents to adult children, (d) autonomous: not living nearby, little contact, refutation of family obligation norms, and few support exchanges. The four types are common in each European country, though the distributions differ. The findings suggest that scholars should abandon the idea that a particular country can be characterised by a single dominant type of late-life family. Socio-demographic differentials in family type follow predictable patterns, underscoring the validity of the developed typology.
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