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Harvest Pressure and Environmental Carrying Capacity: An Ordinal-Scale Model of Effects on Ungulate Prey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Steve Wolverton
Steve Wolverton*
Affiliation:
University of North Texas, Department of Geography, Institute of Applied Sciences, PO Box 305279, Denton, TX 76203-5279 (wolverton@unt.edu)
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Abstract

Zooarchaeologists have long realized the analytical potential of ungulate mortality data in studies of temporally shifting foraging efficiency. An additional but seldom examined form of evidence from ungulate remains is the morphometry of age-independent body size. Together simple bivariate morphometric and mortality data from ungulate remains reveal shifts through time in harvest pressure and/or environmental carrying capacity. A proposed model of these effects is validated using wildlife biology data from white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), an ungulate taxon that is very common in North American archaeological faunas. Several archaeological implications that bear on studies of foraging efficiency in subsistence hunting economies arise from this ordinal-scale model, such as the conditions under which harvest pressure increases or decreases or when carrying capacity rises or declines.

Résumé

Résumé

Desde hace mucho tiempo los zooarchaeologos han realizado el potencial analítico de los datos de mortalidad ungulados adquiridos a través de estudios en los cuales se cambia temporalmente la eficacia buscada. Una adicional pero rara forma de examinar las pruebas del ungulado es el morphometry del tamaño de cuerpo independientemente de la edad. Juntos simples datos de vicariato morphometric y la mortalidad del las permanencias ungulado revelan cambios a través del tiempo durante presión de cosecha y/o capacidad de transporte ambiental. Un modelo propuesto de estos efectos es validado usando datos de biología de fauna del venado “white-tail” (Odocoileus virginianus), un taxón ungulado que es muy común en la fauna arqueológica Norteamericana. Varias implicaciones arqueológicas que tienen que ver con estudios de buscar la eficacia en la subsistencia que caza economías provienen de éste modelo de escala ordinal, como las condiciones en las cuales la presión de cosecha aumenta o disminuye o cuando la capacidad cargada sube o hay decadencia.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 73 , Issue 2 , April 2008 , pp. 179 - 199
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 2008

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