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The Paleoarchaic to Early Archaic Transition on the Colorado Plateau: The Archaeology of North Creek Shelter

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Joel C. Janetski ,
Mark L. Bodily ,
Bradley A. Newbold  and
David T. Yoder
Joel C. Janetski
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
Mark L. Bodily
Affiliation:
US Forest Service, Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest, Sparks, Nevada 89431
Bradley A. Newbold
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
David T. Yoder
Affiliation:
William Self Associates, Cedar City, Utah 84720
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Abstract

Recent literature on Paleoarchaic and Early Archaic strategies in the arid west of North America has characterized the shift from the earlier to later period as constituting an adaptive discontinuity. The empirical bases for this conclusion are shifts in mobility, subsistence, and technology. Paleoarchaic peoples are described as highly mobile, focused on a diversity of animal resources, including birds and small game, and using more exotic toolstone, an aspect of mobility. In contrast, Early Archaic strategies are less mobile, yet more focused on large game, using more local toolstone, and adopting grinding tools presumably to process small seeds. Accompanying this transition is the shift from stemmed to notched projectile points. Data bearing on this transition on the Colorado Plateau have been scarce. Excavations of finely stratified deposits at North Creek Shelter on the Colorado Plateau in southern Utah have yielded support for the adaptive discontinuity position, although qualitative differences between the Great Basin and Colorado Plateau are apparent in mobility and faunal use.

Literatura redente sobre las estrategias Paleo Arcaico y Arcaico Temprano en el oeste árido de Norte América (principalmente el Great Basin) ha caracterizado el cambio de la época temprano a más tarde como constituyendo una discontinuidad adoptiva. El base empírico para esta conclusión son cambios en la movilidad, la subsistencia, y la tecnología. Gente Paleo Arcaico son representados como altamente móvil, enfocado en una diversidad de recursos animales, incluyendo aves, y animales pequeños de caza, y confiando en toolstone más exóticas, un aspecto de movilidad. Al contrario, estrategias del Arcaico Temprano son menos móvil, pero más enfocados en animales grades de caza, usando más herramientas de piedra local, y adoptando herramientas de moler, presumiblemente para preparar semillas pequeñas. Acompañando a esta transición es el cambio de pie a mella de puntos proyéctales. Datos apoyando esta transición en el Colorado Plateau han sido muy escasos. Las excavaciones de depósitos vena-fina a North Creek Shelter en el sur de Utah han producido apoyo por la posición de discontinuidad adoptiva, sin embargo diferencias cualitativas entre el Great Basin y el Colorado Plateau son evidentes en la movilidad y en el uso de fauna.

Type
Reports
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 77 , Issue 1 , January 2012 , pp. 125 - 159
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 2012

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