In 1915, while making ethnological investigation? among survivors of the Tadoussac band of the Montagnais Indians at Tadoussac, Quebec, Dr. Frank G. Speck, of the Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, learned from the Indians that stone implements had been found on a sandy hill north of the village. From the surface of the site he collected about three hundred chips and stone artifacts which are now in the National Museum of Canada. Another lot of about two hundred and fifty specimens collected by him are in the American Museum of Natural History, New York. In 1927, this and other sites were investigated by the author, who made a careful search of the exposed surface of the area between Tadoussac and Moulin Baude River, about three miles to the east and gathered about one thousand instructive specimens besides several hundred chippings.

There are several hundred known shell heaps, along the coast of Maine, some of which have been hardly dug into while others have been completely excavated. Except for their size, they appear much alike both on the surface and in their internal structure.

It is not possible to say with certainty that one tribe or group of Indians inhabited each shell heap from the time of its beginning until the heap reached its present size. It is probable that many of the shell heaps were not, in many instances, occupied year after year, while others show a continual growth without any marked indication of periods when the areas were not in use.

The wide utilization by primitive peoples of animal teeth for implements as well as for ornamental purposes is too well known to archaeologists and ethnologists to require further comment. The object of the present paper is to describe and classify those types of rodenttooth implements found locally, to discuss the method of manufacture and to present evidence as to the grinding of the canine teeth of various carnivores in all probability for utilitarian purposes. The material upon which this study is based has been collected by the author from several sites on or near Naskeag Point, Brooklin, Maine, chiefly from a single shell heap on Harbor Island.

Two new sites of the Cape Dorset Eskimo culture were discovered, and partially excavated, by the author in 1935 and 1936. Both of them lie on the south side of Hudson Strait: one, examined in 1935, is on the south side of McLelan Strait, a narrow channel which divides Killinek Island from the northern tip of the Labrador, and contained both modern and Cape Dorset material; the other, which was examined in 1936, is on Nuvuk, an island or a group of islands, lying about thirty miles south-west of Cape Wolstenholme, at the west end of Hudson Strait, and contained only Cape Dorset material, with the exception of some quite obviously modern objects lying on the surface.

The tree-ring record in the Flagstaff area goes back to about 500 A.D., with one gap in the sequence prior to 1317 A.D. To close this gap of forty years, a sampling was taken from Kinnikinnick ruin on Anderson Mesa twenty-two miles southeast of Flagstaff. Material found there in June, 1940, by Dr. A. E. Douglass, yielded dates from the earlier part of this missing period. The location of the site on the postulated southern boundary of the Sinagua branch of the Mogollon made it of further significance. It seems to have escaped notice by early investigators, is pot-hunted very little, and has not been reported on up to this time.

One of the greatest concentrations of the Hohokam in the desert of southern Arizona was in the region of Phoenix where the westerly flowing Salt River was tapped to supply the arable lands with water.

Many theories have been woven about these prehistoric canals which lined the valley and were plainly visible to the first settlers in 1866. As is only natural, the early pioneers noted, followed, and reused many of the Hohokam canals. Through such close association, the farmer and hydraulic engineer became curious as to the story behind them.

Consistent and concentrated efforts for archaeological research within the region of Florida have long been a needed factor in the development of North America's pre-history.

Here lies one of the key spots for cultural contact between the northern continent and the chain of islands that extends southward. The geographical significance of such a location can not be too highly emphasized. What work has been undertaken in the state unfortunately has not been followed by careful laboratory consideration and, as a result, prehistory in this area has suffered from mere spontaneous spurts of effort.

The term “Woodland,” as employed in the American archaeological field, has come to be used by local students to serve a variety of dissimilar cultural purposes, and to lack clear definition to general students and instructors. To the regional specialist “Woodland” may be interpreted in terms of his own local manifestations; to the ceramic analyst, in terms of a variety of pottery; and to the ethno-historian, in terms of tribes or migratory bands. There is little wonder that the uninitiated general student, in utter bewilderment, has demanded a definition for “Woodland,” or has refused to recognize it as a useful, valid term.