^{page 131 note 1} Mr. Briggs reported the results of an examination he had made of the problem of fluctuations in legislative policy over a period of ten years in the state of Iowa. This investigation showed that in 1913 two measures were passed and later amended, in 1915 no changes were made, in 1917 there were ten changes, in 1919 no changes, in 1921 four, and in 1923 five, making a total of twenty-one changes over a period of ten years and six regular legislative sessions. The changes made were without exception, merely technical changes, usually for the purpose of correcting errors in bill drafting. The conclusion to be drawn in this instance was, therefore, that so far as this stud;, is concerned, the results obtained were negative. An absence of leadership was not indicated although, of course, neither was the existence of leadership demonstrated.

^{page 136 note 1} For list of tentative activities, see American Political Science Review, pp. 127–129 (Feb. 17, 1924).