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Notes from Knossos, part II
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 September 2013
Extract
This article continues the purpose, begun in the previous issue, of publishing various finds and ideas connected with Knossos and especially with material housed in the Stratigraphical Museum there. On this occasion the discussion is somewhat more discursive, a description of the main objects being inserted into the discussion where convenient or relegated to footnotes where of subsidiary interest. In the main a chronological presentation has been retained.
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- Research Article
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- Copyright
- Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1978
References
1 I am grateful to the Managing Committee of the School and to its Director, Dr. H. W. Catling, for continuing ready access to the Stratigraphical Museum with its rich collection which continues to produce its surprises. The Ephor, Dr. St. Alexiou, gave access to material stored in Heraklion Museum with customary courtesy. The skill of the School's technician, Petros Petrakis, is apparent in his restoration of the jug from Isopata and it was from him that the author learnt how to restore the kylix. For the remainder, photographs, drawings, and restorations, the author is responsible.
Apart from the usual abbreviations, the following have been used:
DPK Popham, M. R., The Destruction of the Palace at Knossos, SIMA xii (Göteborg, 1970).Google Scholar
Strat. Mus. The Stratigraphical Museum at Knossos.
2 Alexiou, St.. Late Minoan tombs of the harbour of Knossos (Katsamba), Athens, 1967Google Scholar, in Greek, pis. 18 and 19.
3 Tricurved arches on LM II goblets are attested by one, unpublished, example from the Unexplored Mansion.
4 Alexiou, op. cit. 69–71 widi references, to which add Borchardt, J., Homerische Helme, Mainz, 1972Google Scholar and Hencken, H., The Earliest European Helmets, Harvard, 1971.Google Scholar
5 Previously illustrated with the goblet fragments in DPK pl. 47 and p. 59.
6 But, perhaps, not unique in decoration since another goblet sherd with a possible helmet occurs in a lot from the Area of the Cowboy Fresco, DPK pl. 26a, bottom row, last sherd.
7 PM iv 360.
8 DPK 58 and 93, and AJA lxxix ( 1965) 37 which seek to raise the question of some destruction in LM II, not to ‘Obliterate’ it, pace Smith, Hawke in BSA lxxi (1976) 71.Google Scholar
9 PM iv 785.
10 The date is given on another lot collected by in them Strat. Mus, Guide 27.
11 Arch Reports for 1973–4 fig. 69.
12 Arch Reports for 1972–3 fig. 25, and Alexiou, op. cit. pl. 4b.
13 Kea, , Hesperia xli (1972) pl. 95, K 13–4Google Scholar; Kythera pl. 58.301–3, the latter, unstratified material, ascribed to the reoccupation after the LM IB ‘abandonment’. For an outline of the author's view, see Antiquaries Journal 54 (1974) 320. If this view is correct, the exact synchronism LH IIA = LM IB would have to be modified or, perhaps preferably, mainland ‘Ephyraean’ goblets would have begun in LH IIA. In either case it would be a change of definition rather than a difference in chronology.
14 Alexiou op. cit. pl. 4g and especially d. It now seems likely that the burial in PM iv fig. 214 with its marine class jug should be ascribed to the same early LM II stage. The suggested explanation might also account for other apparent anachronisms, such as flat alabastra with marine type decoration, if they, or some of them, are of Cretan manufacture. It also opens the possibility that some of the large amphoras with marine themes may be later than usually thought, i.e. LM II/LH IIB, wherever they may have been manufactured.
15 Arch Reports for 1972–3 fig. 20, the goblets referred to in n. 11 above and other unpublished vases from the same building.
16 e.g. DPK pl. 17f. 19h, 27e, and 41f–g; also BSA lxv (1970) pls. 48d and 50a.
17 From 1903 Test Pit 7, area north-west of Théatral Area, DE 5–6 (1748). Red-buff fine clay, buff slip and orange-brown slightly lustrous paint.
18 BSA lxiv (1969) 299–304.
19 From excavations in the Royal Road and known to the author through the kindness of Mr. M. S. F. Hood. For the shape, see BSA lxiv (1969) 301 fig. 4.
20 Illustrated in DFK pl. 35f and discussed at pp. 59 and 75 where a IIIA date is, perhaps wisely, not excluded. Other examples, op. cit. pls. 17e, 20d, and 39e. East Cretan octopus kylikes appear to have been less stylized as might be expected; fragments only from Chania, Tsedakis, , ADelt xx (1965) Chron. pl. 718.Google Scholar
21 From box O I 10 ‘KO2 Area E of SE Lustral Area’ (1379). Maximum preserved D. 15; fine buff clay and slip with red-brown almost matt paint; banded interior with encircled disc at base.
22 From box O 18 ‘Area of Sword Tablets’ (1377). Two non-joining sherds; fine buff clay and slip with lustrous red-brown paint; on interior, lip band and probable disc at base. See also DPK pl. 25b and pp. 35–6 for context.
23 Stirrup jars, see BSA lxii (1967) pl. 86b–c, and 89b for kylix; also BSA lx (1965) 289 fig. 10a.
24 LM IIIB sherds from bowls with pattern related to antithetic streamers from Royal Road excavations, see n. 19 above. Phaistos crater, Mon Ant xii pl. VIII, 4.
25 BSA lxii (1967) pl. 84b.
26 TDA 46 fig. 60 = Zervos pl. 702.
27 Knossos, DPK pl. 18b; Phaistos, , Annuario xlv–vi (1967–1968) 142 fig. 93.Google Scholar For a very similar pattern but executed with more typical abandon, see BSA liii–iv (1958–9) pl. 54b. Even our painter forgot to put in one of his filling waves under the spirals.
28 BSA lxxi (1g76) 188.
25 e.g. BSA lxii (1967) pl. 87a and remarks at p. 349; and compare east Cretan, kylikes, BCH xciii (1969) 401 fig. 16.Google Scholar
30 BSA lxii (1967) 257–65, no. 7 in the catalogue.
31 BSA lx (1965) 136–42 where examples of bowls with antithetic streamers are illustrated at fig. 4,12–15. For doubts as to provenience, see BSA lxv (1970) 202.
32 PM ii 5–7.
33 For a concise account, see Palmer and Boardman, On the Knossos Tablets, 17.
34 Hardey, , BSA xxxii (1930–1931) 92Google Scholar who was concerned about the Geometric pottery; fig. 33,4 illustrates one of the figurines which survive. I am grateful to Dr. R. Higgins for verbal confirmation diat diey are Geometric.
35 Most lately in The Penultimate Palace at Knossos, Rome, 1969. 71–83.
36 Dr. M. Price has kindly drawn my attention to their mention in G. Le Rider, Monnaies Crétoises 223.
37 DPK 57 and n. 44.
38 PM ii 7.
39 The only published example appears to be from the Demeter Sanctuary, BSA Suppl. 8 pl. 13, D12 and 15.
40 The same form is found on cups of this date, cf. BS. lxviii (1973) 56 fig. 10, L55–7.
41 It is later than BSA lxviii (1973) 56 fig. 10, L63 an BSA Suppl. 8 24 fig. 14, B19; earlier than ibid. pl. 13 D18 pl. 15 E21–3.
42 BSA xlv (1950) 181 fig. 20, left.
43 Both shape and date were mistaken by Hartley op. cit. 92 f. fig. 23. It is from a popular settlement shape decorated in dark on light with floral and figured scenes, and less often with relief impressed bands such as on this sherd.
44 Considered latest by Coldstream, J. N. in JHS xcvi (1976) 8–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar