No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Structure, diversity and context in neolithic ritual practice: A reply to Stuart Campbell and Jonathan Last1
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 January 2009
Extract
I am most grateful for the critical, yet on the whole positive and inspiring reactions of Stuart Campbell and Jonathan Last, who offer ample opportunities for an archaeological dialogue. Besides specific questions, they raise a number of important issues which have a general theoretical significance. Last, moreover, presents some new and most interesting data on horned objects from Çatalhöyük West, whereas Campbell comes up with some additional and intriguing examples of the relations between death, fire and abandonment in the late Neolithic of the Near East. In my reply I wish to start with the specific issues before I move on to more general topics.
- Type
- Discussion
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © The Author(s) 2000
References
Akkermans, P.A., Boerma, J.A.K., Clason, A.T., Hill, S.G., Lohof, E., Meiklejohn, C., Le Mière, M., Molgat, G.M.F., Roodenberg, J.J., Waterbolk-van Rooijen, W., and van Zeist, W., 1983: Bouqras revisited. Preliminary report on a project in eastern Syria, Proceedings of the prehistoric society 49, 335–372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akkermans, P.M.M.G., 1989a: Tell Sabi Abyad. Stratigraphy and architecture, in Akkermans, P.M.M.G. (ed.), Excavations at Tell Sabi Abyad. Prehistoric investigations in the Balikh valley, northern Syria, Oxford, 17–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akkermans, P.M.M.G., 1989b: Halaf mortuary practices. A survey, in Haex, O.M.C., Curvers, H.H. and Akkermans, P.M.M.G. (eds), To the Euphrates and beyond. Archaeological studies in honour of Maurits N. van Loon, Rotterdam, 75–88.Google Scholar
Akkermans, P.M.M.G (ed.), 1996: Tell Sabi Abyad. The late neolithic settlement. Report on the excavations of the university of Amsterdam (1988) and the national museum of antiquities Leiden (1991–1993) in Syria, Istanbul.Google Scholar
Akkermans, P.M.M.G., and K., Duistermaat, 1997: Of storage and nomads. The sealings from Late Neolithic Sabi Abyad, Syria, Paléorient 22.2, 17–44.Google Scholar
Akkermans, P.M.M.G., and M., Verhoeven, 1995: An image of complexity. The Burnt Village at Late Neolithic Sabi Abyad, Syria, American journal of archaeology 99.1, 5–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, G.A. 1891: Manners and customs of the Mohaves, Smithsonian institution annual report (1890), 615–616.Google Scholar
Aten, N., 1996: Note on the human skeletal remains, in Akkermans, P.M.M.G. (ed.), Tell Sabi Abyad. The late neolithic settlement. Report on the excavations of the university of Amsterdam (1988) and the national museum of antiquities Leiden (1991–1993) in Syria, Istanbul, 114–118.Google Scholar
Barraud, C. and Platenkamp, J.D.M., 1990: ‘Rituals and the comparison of societies’, in Barraud, C. and Platenkamp, J.D.M. (eds), ‘Rituals and socio–cosmic order in eastern Indonesian societies’, Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde 146, 101–123.Google Scholar
Barth, F., 1989: Cosmologies in the making. A generative approach to cultural variation in inner New Guinea, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Bienert, H.D., 1991: Skull cult in the prehistoric Near East, Journal of prehistoric religion V, 9–23.Google Scholar
Bienert, H.D., in press: Kult und Religion in prähistorischer Zeit. Eine Studie anhand von Fundmaterial epipaläolitischer und frühneolitischer Gesellschaften/Kulturen Südwestasiens (12.-6. Jt. v. u. Z.), Mainz am Rhein.Google Scholar
Campbell, S., 1992: Culture, chronology and change in the later Neolithic of North Mesopotamia, Edinburgh (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Edinburgh).Google Scholar
Cavallo, C., 1997a: Animals in the steppe. A zooarchaeological analysis of later neolithic Tell Sabi Abyad, Syria, Amsterdam (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Amsterdam).Google Scholar
Cavallo, C., 1997b: Animal remains enclosed in oval clay objects from the “Burnt Village” of Tell Sabi Abyad, northern Syria, Anthropozoologica 25–26, 663–670.Google Scholar
Collett, D., 1993: Metaphors and representations associated with precolonial iron-smelting in eastern and southern Africa, in Shaw, T., Sinclair, P.,Bassey, A. and Okpoko, A. (eds), The archaeology of Africa. Food, metals and towns, London and New York, 499–511.Google Scholar
Descola, P. and Palsson, G. (eds) 1996: Nature and society. Anthropological perspectives, London.Google Scholar
Douglas, M., 1967: Animals in Lele religious thought, in Middleton, J. (ed.), Myth and cosmos. Readings in mythology and symbolism, New York, 231–247.Google Scholar
Glennie, G.D. and W.D., Lipe, 1984: Replication of an early Anasazi pithouse, Paper presented at the 49th annual meeting of the society for American archaeology,Portland (Oregon).Google Scholar
Hauptmann, H., 1993: Ein Kultgebäude in Nevali Çori, in Frangipane, M., Hauptmann, H., Liverani, H., Matthiae, P. and Mellink, M. (eds), Between the rivers and over the mountains, Rome, 37–69.Google Scholar
Hertz, R., 1960(1907): A contribution to the study of the collective representation of death, in , R. and Needham, C. (translators) Death and the right hand, London, 25–86.Google Scholar
Hill, J.D., 1995: Ritual and rubbish in the Iron Age of Wessex. A study on the formation of a specific archaeological record, Oxford (BAR British Series 242).Google Scholar
Hodder, I., 1990: The domestication of Europe. Structure and contingency in neolithic societies, Oxford.Google Scholar
Hodder, I., 1999: Symbolism at Çatalhöyük, in Coles, J., Bewley, R. and Mellars, P. (eds), World prehistory. Studies in memory of Grahame Clark, Oxford, 177–191.Google Scholar
Jamous, R., 1992: The brother-married-sister relationship and marriage ceremonies as sacrificial rites. A case study from northern India, in de Coppet, D. (ed.), Understanding rituals, London and New York, 52–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klotz, H., 1997: Die Entdeckung von Çatal Höyük. Der archäologische Jahrhundertfund, München.Google Scholar
Knüsel, C.J., Janaway, R.C. and Kint, S.E., 1996: Death, decay and ritval reconstruction: archaeological evidence of cadaveric spasm, Oxford journal of archaeology 15.2, 121–128CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lloyd, S., and J., Mellaart, 1962: Beycesultan Vol. 1: The chalcolithic and early bronze age levels, London (Occasional publications of BIAA 6).Google Scholar
Lloyd, S. and Safar, F., 1945: Tell Hassuna. Excavations by the Iraq government directorate general of antiquities in 1943–4', Journal of Near Eastern studies 4, 255–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Last, J., 1998: A design for life. Interpreting the art of Çatalhöyük, Journal of material culture 3, 355–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malek-Shahmirzadi, S., 1977: Tepe Zagheh. A sixth millennium B.C. village in the Qazvin Plain of the central Iranian plateau, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Mallowan, M.E.L., 1946: Excavations in, the Balikh valley (1938) Iraq 8, 111–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mallowan, M.E.L., and Rose, J.C., 1935: Excavations at Tell Arpachiyah 1933, Iraq 2, 1–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matthews, R., 1996: Surface scraping and planning, in Hodder, I. (ed.), On the surface. Çatalhöyük 1993–95, London and Cambridge, 79–99.Google Scholar
Meiklejohn, C, Agelarakis, A., Akkermans, P.A., Smith, P.E.L. and Solecki, R., 1992: Artificial cranial deformation in the Proto-Neolithic and neolithic Near East and its possible origin: evidence from four sites, Paléorient 18.2, 83–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Merpert, N. I. and Munchaev., R.M., 1987: The earliest levels at Yarim Tepe I and Yarim Tepe II in northern Iraq, Iraq 49, 1–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meskell, L., 1995: Goddesses, Gimbutas and ‘New Age’ archaeology, Antiquity 69, 74–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Metcalf, P., and Huntington, R., 1991: Celebrations of death. The anthropology of mortuary ritual, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Munchaev, R. M. and Merpert, N.I., 1981: Earliest agricultural settlements of northern Mesopotamia. (in Russian) Moscow.Google Scholar
Negahban, E.O., 1979: A brief report on the painted building of Zaghe (late 7th - early 6th millennium B.C.), Paléorient 5, 239–250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oates, J., 1978: Religion and ritual in sixth-millennium B.C. Mesopotamia, World archaeology 10.2, 117–124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parker Pearson, M., 1999a: Fearing and celebrating the dead in southern Madagascar, in Downes, J. and Pollard, A. (eds), The loved body's corruption. Archaeological contributions to the study of human mortality, Glasgow, 9–18.Google Scholar
van der Plicht, J., 1993: The Groningen radiocarbon calibration program, Radiocarbon 35.1, 231–237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenberg, M., 1994: Hallan Çemi Tepesi. Further observations concerning stratigraphy and material culture, Anatolica 20, 121–140.Google Scholar
Schieffelin, E.L., 1985: Performance and the cultural construction of reality, American anthropologist 30.1, 707–724.Google Scholar
Schmidt, K., 1999: Boars, ducks and foxes. The Urfa project 99, Neo-lithics 3/99, 12–15.Google Scholar
Seymour, D., and Schiffer, M.B., 1987: A preliminary analysis of pithouse assemblages from Snaketown, Arizona, in Kent, S. (ed.), Method and theory for activity area research. An ethnoar-chaeological approach, New York, 549–603.Google Scholar
Smith, P.E.L., 1976: Reflections on four seasons of excavations at Tappeh Ganj Dareh, in Bagherzadeh, F. (ed.), Proceedings of the IVth annual symposium on archaeological research in Iran,11–22.Google Scholar
Smith, P.E.L., 1990: Architectural innovation and experimentation at Ganj Dareh, Iran, World archaeology 21.3, 323–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spoor, R.H., and Collet, P. 1996: The other small finds, in Akkermans, P.M.M.G. (ed.), Tell Sabi Abyad. The late neolithic settlement. Report on the excavations of the university of Amsterdam (1988) and the national museum of antiquities Leiden(1991–1993) in Syria, Istanbul, 439–475.Google Scholar
Stevanović, M., 1997: The age of clay. The social dynamics of house destruction, Journal of anthropological archaeology 16, 334–395.Google Scholar
Stordeur, D., 1998: Jerf el Ahmar et l'horizon P.P.N.A. en Haute Mésopotamie. Xe-IXe millénaire avant J.C., Subartu 4.1, 13–29.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M., Long, A. and Kra, R.S. (eds), 1993: Calibration 1993, Radiocarbon 35.1, 1–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tilley, C., 1996: An ethnography of the Neolithic. Early prehistoric societies in southern Scandinavia, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Tringham, R., 1994: Engendered places in prehistory, Gender, place and culture 1, 169–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tringham, R., 1995: Archaeological houses, households, housework and the home, in Benjamin, D. and Stea, D. (eds), The home: words, interpretations, meanings and environments, Aldershot, 79–107.Google Scholar
Tringham, R., and Stevanović, M., 1990: Field research, in Tringham, R. and Krstic, D. (eds), Selevac. A neolithic village in Yugoslavia, Los Angeles, 57–156.Google Scholar
Verhoeven, M., 1999: An archaeological ethnography of a Neolithic community. Space, place and social relations in the Burnt Village at Tell Sabi Abyad, Syria, Istanbul.Google Scholar
Verhoeven, M. and Kranendonk, P. 1996: The excavations. Stratigraphy and architecture, in Akkermans, P.M.M.G. (ed.), Tell Sabi Abyad. The late neolithic settlement. Report on the excavations of the university of Amsterdam (1988) and the national museum of antiquities Leiden (1991–1993) in Syria, Istanbul, 25–118.Google Scholar
Walker, W.H., 1999: Bloody purges of black magic may explain evidence of Southwestern violence, Discovering archaeology 05/06, 52–54.Google Scholar
Watkins, T., 1990: The origins of house and home?, World archaeology 21, 336–347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiner, A. 1992: Inalienable possessions. The paradox of keeping-while-giving, Berkeley and Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Wulff, H.E., 1966: The traditional crafts of Persia. Their development, technology, and influence on eastern and western civilizations, London and Cambridge (Mass.).Google Scholar