¹ For information, offprints, books, advice and practical help I am indebted to P. Åström, G. Bermond Montanari, P. Bocci, F. E. Brown, G. Camporeale, F. Castagnoli and the Istituto di Topografia Antica (Rome), L. Cavagnaro Vanoni and the Fondazione Ing. C. M. Lerici (Rome), U. Ciotti, G. Colonna, M. Cristofani, M. T. Falconi Amorelli, G. V. Gentili, G. Gualandi, A. La Regina, G. Maetzke, G. A. Mansuelli and the Istituto di Archeologia (Bologna), A. Neppi Modona and the Istituto di Studi Etruschi ed Italici (Florence), F. Nicosia, S. Patitucci, P. E. Pecorella, A. Rallo, G. Riccioni, G. Scichilone, F. R. Serra, P. Sommella, R. A. Staccioli and the Istituto di Etruscologia e Antichità Italiche (Rome), A. Talocchini, Lord William Taylour, M. Torelli, D. H. Trump; I am particularly grateful to my host in Lacco Ameno, Giorgio Buchner, for his patient forbearance during the compilation of this Report. The illustrations are acknowledged elsewhere; Figs. 1–4, 11–14 and 16–23 were supplied by courtesy of the Soprintendenze concerned.

² Pallottino, M., Etruscologia 5th edn. (Milan, Hoepli, 1963)Google Scholar and 6th edn. (1968)—both much revised since the English translation (Penguin: The Etruscans) of the 3rd edn. (1955); see also id., StEtr xxix (1961) 3–30 (‘bilancio critico’); Richardson, E., The Etruscans (Chicago, 1964)Google Scholar and Mem. Amer. Acad. Rome xxvii (1962) 153–98; Mansuelli, G. A., Etruria (Milan, Il Saggiatore, 1963);Google ScholarScullard, H. H., The Etruscan Cities and Rome (London, Thames and Hudson, 1967);Google ScholarHencken, H., Antiquity xl (1966) 205–11Google Scholar and now Tarquinia, Villanovans and Early Etruscans (=Bulletin 23 of the American School of Prehistoric Research, 1968) 601–46; cf. id. in Medical Biology and Etruscan Origins (London, CIBA Symposium, 1959) 29–47Google Scholar and Tarquinia and Etruscan Origins (London, Thames and Hudson, forthcoming).Google Scholar

³ StEtr xxxi (1963) 395–531 (Orvieto); ibid. xxxii (1964) 243–313 and xxxiii (1965) 661–724 (Salerno); see also W. Johannowsky's paper on the Etruscans in Campania, Klearchos xix (1963) 62–75 and his appendix to Alföldi, A., Early Rome and the Latins (Michigan, 1965) 420–3.Google Scholar

⁴ See meanwhile Mansuelli, G. A., Studi Storici viii (1967) 5–36.Google Scholar

⁵ Catalogue: Kunst und Kultur der Etrusker (Vienna, 1966)Google Scholar; Etruskernas konst och kultur, Utställningen (Stockholm, 1967)Google Scholar; Arte e Civiltà degli Etruschi (Turin, 1967)Google Scholar = ACE. Other exhibitions: Soprintendenza alle Antichità dell'Etruria, L'età del ferro nella Etruria Marittima (Grosseto, 1965)Google Scholar; Chiaro, M. A. Del, Etruscan Art from West Coast Collections (California, 1967)Google Scholar; Mitten, D. G. and Doeringer, S. F. (editors), Master Bronzes from the Classical World (Greek, Etruscan, Roman; Fogg Art Museum, Saint Louis and Los Angeles, 1967–1968).Google Scholar

⁶ The relevant exhibition-catalogues contain much of permanent interest: e.g. vii—Settimana dei Musei: Tutela e valorizzazione del patrimonio artistico di Roma e del Lazio (Rome, 1964)Google Scholar; viii—Restauri d'arte in Italia (Rome, 1965)Google Scholar; ix—Mostra dell'attività delle Soprintendenze (Rome, 1966).Google Scholar

⁷ So far: R. A. Staccioli, La lingua degli etruschi (1967); M. Cristofani, Epigrafia etrusca (1967); L. Cavagnaro Vanoni, Prospezioni archeologiche (1968).

⁸ Discussions opened by J. Boardman, G. Buchner, W. Johannowsky, E. Lepore, D. Ridgway, G. Vallet.

⁹ Radmilli, A. M. (editor), Piccola guida della preistoria italiana (Florence, Sansoni, 1962, 2nd edn. 1965); id.Google ScholarLa preistoria d'Italia alla luce delle ultime scoperte (Florence, Istituto Geografico Militare, 1963)Google Scholar; Trump, D. H., Central and Southern Italy before Rome (London, Thames and Hudson, 1966).Google Scholar

¹⁰ My very best thanks are due to Dr A. La Regina for providing me with the photographs Figs. 1–4 and with the Italian text of which the following section is a virtual translation.

¹¹ Vetter, E., Glotta xxx (1943) 38 ff.Google Scholar; Whatmough, J., Prae-Italic Dialects ii, nos. 348–53Google Scholar; more recently G. Radke, RE Suppl. ix (1962) col. 1764 ff. s.v. ‘Umbri’, and Pisani, V., Le lingue dell'Italia antica oltre il latino² (Turin, 1964) 225 ff.Google Scholar

¹² Cianfarani, V., Abruzzo iii (1965) 293Google Scholar and cf. Andrèn, A., Architectural Terracottas from Etrusco-Italic Temples (1939) 136 and pls. 53–4.Google Scholar

¹³ F. De Visscher, Antiq. Class. xxx (1961) 7 ff.; for the excavation see id., J. Mertens, J. Ch. Balty Mon Ant. xlvi (1962) cols. 334–96.

¹⁴ A. La Regina, Rhein Mus. cix (1966) 260–86; id., Ulisse xix (1966) 123.

¹⁵ Id., Rhein Mus. cix (1966); id., RendLinc. (1967) 87–99.

¹⁶ Accounts of previous explorations and other studies relating to the area: Gjerstad, E., Early Rome iii 378 ff.Google Scholar; various authors in BullComm lxxvii 1959–1960 (1962) and lxxix 1963–64 (1966).

¹⁷ I am grateful to Dr P. Sommella, the present field-director, for supplying the material, together with the photograph, on which this account is based.

¹⁸ F. Castagnoli, BullComm lxxvii 1959–1960 (1962) 145–72; see also id. ‘Lavinio e la leggenda di Enea’ in Roma EUR (Rotary Int.) September 1965, 9–13. The altars are described in detail by L. T. Shoe, Etruscan and Republican Roman Mouldings = Mem. Amer. Acad. Rome xxviii (1965) 100–3; there is no evidence for the Augustan restorations implied by her ibid. 103.

¹⁹ F. Castagnoli, Studi e Materiali di Storia delle Religioni xxx (1959) 109–17; S. Weinstock, JRS I (1960) 112–14; G. Pugliese Carratelli, Par. Pass xvii (1962) 17 f.; Radke, G., Glotta xlii (1964) 214–19Google Scholar; Guarducci, M., Mélanges Piganiol (1966) 1618Google Scholar; A. Degrassi, ILLRP ii (1963) no. 1271a (see also ibid. no. 509).

²⁰ Alfödi, A., Early Rome and the Latins (Michigan, 1965) 265–71;Google Scholar G. Pugliese Carratelli, StEtr xxxiii (1965) 228; M. Torelli, RendLinc (1966) 311 f.; F. Castagnoli, ArchCl xix (1967) 235–47 esp. n. 43.

²¹ E.g. Italia Nostra x–52 (1967) 22–39 and x–55, 21–7; Archeologia (1967) 38–52, 197–204, 424–43.

²² I am grateful to J. B. Ward Perkins and M. T. Falconi Amorelli for permission to publish the accompanying photograph.

²³ W. Johannowsky, Dialoghi di Archeologia i (1967) 159–85 (and see fig. 13); Gjerstad, E., Early Rome iv 326 f.Google Scholar and cf. Gierow, P. G., Iron Age Culture of Latium i 487 f. and 496 f.Google Scholar; R. Peroni, BPI (1966) 179.

²⁴ Lerici, C. M., Nuove testimonianze dell'arte e della civiltà etrusca (Milan, Lerici, 1960); id. in A Great Adventure of Italian Archaeology 1955–1965.Google Scholar

²⁵ Quaderni di Villa Giulia i: Moretti, M., Tomba Martini Marescotti (Milan, Lerici, 1966), from which figs. 7 and 8 are taken. The pages and photographs are unnumbered.Google Scholar

²⁶ apud Moretti op. cit. note 5; by the same hand: Basle Market (Borowski); London B 308 from Vulci; London C 10679.

²⁷ Materiali di Antichità Varia V: Concessioni alla Fondazione Lerici—Cerveteri (1966); see also Linington, R. E., Palatino x: 2 (1966) 1–11, from which fig. 9 is taken (Fotocielo).Google Scholar

²⁸ R. Vighi, Mon. Ant. xlii (1955) 24–199. Miss I. Pohl (Swedish Institute) is preparing a re-publication of the Sorbo material.

²⁹ Studi e Materiali dell'Istituto di Etruscologia e Antichità Italiche dell'Università di Roma (supplementary vols. to ArchCl: Florence, Sansoni). In the same series: A. Ciasca, il capitello detto eolico in Etruria (1962); Jovino, M. Bonghi, Capua preromana: terrecotte votive i (1965); more in preparation.Google Scholar

³⁰ M. Pallottino, ArchCl ix (1957) 206–22 (1st campaign), x (1958) 315–22 (2nd), xi (1959) 251–2 (3rd), xiii (1961) 240–2 (4th), xv (1963) 248–55 (5th, 6th), xvi (1964) 49–117 (7th), xviii (1966) 251–67 (8th, 9th), xix (1967) 332–5 (1967 activities). Definitive report on the first two campaigns: NSc (1959) 143–263. General accounts in English: M. Pallottino, ILN 13 Feb. 1965, 22–5; G. Colonna, Archaeology xix (1966) 11–23. I am grateful to G. Colonna for providing illustrations from the Pyrgi reports.

³¹ M. Pallottino, ArchCl x (1958) pls. 108–10; id., ILN 13 Feb. 1965, fig. 3; id., Etruscologia⁶ (1968) pl. 51; G. Foti, NSc (1959) 171–81 and fig. 21; G. Colonna, Archaeology xix (1966) figs. 8, 9.

³² The context of the tablets is described by G. Colonna, ArchCl xvi (1964) 53 f. and StEtr xxxiii (1965) 202; the first major discussion of their significance appeared in ArchCl xvi (1964) 58–117 (Pallottino, L. Vlad Borelli, G. Garbini).

³³ M. Pallottino, ArchCl x (1958) pl. III, 3; G. Colonna, NSc (1959) 225 f. and figs. 79–80. Restoration has now revealed part of a fifth inscription on another bronze tablet: M. Pallottino, ArchCl xix (1967) 336–41.

³⁴ See in particular: G. Pugliese Carratelli, StEtr xxxiii (1965) 221–35; G. Colonna, ibid. 191–219; id., ArchCl xvii (1965) 286–92 and xviii (1966) 94 ff.; M. Pallottino, ibid. 262–6; id., StEtr xxxiv (1966) 206–9; id., Acc. Naz. Lincei Quaderno lxxxvii (1966) 11–16; J. Heurgon, JRS lvi (1966) 1–15. The finds at Pyrgi have an obvious bearing on the treaties of Carthage with the Etruscans (Aristotle, Politics iii 5.10) and with Rome itself (Polybius, iii 22): see further M. Pallottino, StRom xiii (1965) 1–13.

³⁵ G. Colonna, StEtr xxxi (1963) 135–47; BdA 1 (1965) 107. For the road see C. F. Giuliani and L. Quilici, Quad. 1st. Top. Ant. i (1964) 5–15; G. Colonna ibid. iv (forthcoming) and ArchCl xix (1967) 344 f. and pl. 115. Porsenna's tomb: Pliny, NH xxxvi 91–3; J. L. Myres, BSA xlvi (1951) 117–21.

³⁶ M. Torelli, BdA 1 (1965) 125 f.; Archeologia (1966) 208 f.; ArchCl xviii (1966) 283–91 (with linguistic comments by M. Pallottino, ibid., 291–9); ILN 6 May 1967, 24 f.; StEtr xxxv (1967) 331–52.

³⁷ CIL ix 6092 = CIL i:2, 2399; C. Mancini, Atti Acc. Arch. Napoli xii: 2 (1887) 82. For a full discussion of both pieces see A. La Regina and M. Torelli, ‘Due sortes preromane’ in StEtr in press. Sortes at Cerveteri: Livy xxi 62.5 and 8.

³⁸ For maps and brief descriptions of the more important tombs see C. M. Lerici, A Great Adventure (note 24 above). Two tombs have been the subjects of separate monographs: R. Bartoccini, Atti VII Cong. Int. Arch. Cl. ii (1961) 177–90 and id., Lerici, C. M. and Moretti, M., La Tomba delle Olimpiadi (Milan, Lerici, 1959)Google Scholar; Moretti, M., La Tomba della Nave (Milan, Lerici, 1961).Google Scholar

³⁹ M. Pallottino, StEtr xxxii (1964) 107–29; other Monterozzi inscriptions have been published by L. Cavagnaro Vanoni, ibid. xxxiii (1965) 472–95, 508–11, and see further M. Pallottino, ibid. xxxiv (1966) 355–9.

⁴⁰ Preliminary note by R. E. Linington, Prospezioni Archeologiche ii (1967) 87–9; for the method cf. I. Scollar and F. Kruckeberg, Archaeometry xi (1966) 61–71 and Vanoni, L. Cavagnaro, Palatino xi:2 (1967) 191–3.Google Scholar

⁴¹ See meanwhile Etruscan Culture: Land and People (New York and Malmö, 1962).Google Scholar

⁴² C. E. Östenberg, Luni sul Mignone e problemi della preistoria d'Italia = Skrifter Utgivna 4° xxv (1967) 128–51, 245–54. I am grateful to Dr Östenberg for providing a photograph of the five sherds.

⁴³ Materiali di Antichità Varia ii: materiale concesso alla Soc. Hercle (1964); ibid. iii: materiale concesso a Francesco Paolo Bogiovi (1964); Vulci, zona dell'Osteria: Scavi della Hercle i (Roma, n.d.).Google Scholar

⁴⁴ G. Riccioni and M. T. Falconi Amorelli, ACE nos. 231–307 with two pls. The definitive publication by the same authors is forthcoming as Quaderni di Villa Giulia iii. Many vases illustrated in Archeologia (1968) 32–45.

⁴⁵ I am grateful to G. Schichilone and M. Moretti for providing figs. 16–20, all from ACE.

⁴⁶ A full bibliography of excavations at Vulci in Enc. Arte Ant. vii (1966) s.v. ‘Vulci’ (M. Torelli). Some otherwise unpublished material is mentioned in two papers by G. Colonna: ‘Il ciclo etrusco-corinzi dei rosoni: contributo alla conoscenza della ceramica e del commercio vulcente’ in StEtr xxix (1961) 47–88; ‘La ceramica etrusco-corinzia e la problematica storica dell'Orientalizzante recente in Etruria’ in ArchCl xiii (1961) 9–24; see further Amyx, D. A., ‘Some Etrusco-Corinthian vase-painters’ in Studi in onore di Luisa Banti (1965) 1–14Google Scholar; and comments and additions to the latter three papers by id., StEtr xxxv (1967) 100–11. See also A. Giuliano, Jdl lxxviii (1963) 183–99 and now Arch. Anz. (1967) 7–11.

⁴⁷ Full report in preparation for NSc; see meanwhile F. De Ruyt, Rend. Pont. xxxvi (1963–1964) 63–81 and ibid. xxxix (1966–67) 1–14. Chariot: Archeologia (1967) 406 f. and ibid. (1968) 94.

⁴⁸ BdA l (1965) 106 and fig. 15; A. Fioravanti, StEtr xxxi (1963) 425–33; G. Colonna, ibid. xxxv (1967) pls. 2–4.

⁴⁹ See meanwhile G. Rosi, JRS xv (1925) 1–59 and ibid. xvii (1927) 59–94.

⁵⁰ The results of the South Etruria survey have been summarised at regular intervals: J. B. Ward Perkins, Harvard Stud. Class. Philol. lxiv (1959) 1–26; id., Geog. J. cxxviii (1962) 389–405; id., Landscape and History in Central Italy (Myres Memorial Lecture, 1964). Progress reports on the British School's work in South Etruria and elsewhere: id., Antiquity (1963) 37, (1964) 8, (1965) 35, (1966) 89, (1967) 127, (1968) 89. Individual projects: G. C. Duncan BSR xxvi (1958) 63–134 and xxxii (1964) 38–88 (Sutri); J. B. Ward Perkins, ibid. xxix (1961) (Veii); G. D. B. Jones, ibid. xxx (1962) 116–210 and xxxi (1963) 100–58 (Capena); R. M. Ogilvie, ibid. xxxiii (1965) 70–112 (Eretum). Cuniculi: ibid. xxxi (1963) 74–99.

⁵¹ Eg. by Falchi, I., Vetulonia (1891) pl. x, 10Google Scholar (also pls. ix, 21 and many others) and 135: ‘… [bracci] destinati a sostenere … legno resinoso di facile combustione …’ I am grateful to G. Camporeale for the accompanying photograph (=NSc [1966] 37 fig. 20).

⁵² For the type see E. Porada in The Aegean and the Near East (Studies H. Goldman, 1956) 185–211 and now G. Buchner and J. Boardman, JdI lxxxi (1966) 1–62. The Vetulonia seal is Buchner and Boardman no. 43 bis; the other seals from Etruria are their nos. 40–3, illustrated ibid. 24, fig. 30. At the time of writing, the Greek cemetery of Pithekoussai (Ischia) has produced 87 seals of this class (including Buchner and Boardman nos. 1–38), in contexts well within the second half of the eighth century (ibid. 59, n. 79). The Falerii seal has been illustrated elsewhere by Buchner: Atti VI Cong. Int. Scienze Preist. Protost. 1962 iii (1966) pl. 1, 2.

⁵³ Caputo, G., ‘La Montagnola di Quinto Fiorentino, l’ ‘orientalizzante’ e le tholoi dell'Arno’, in BdA xlvii (1962) 115–52Google Scholar; id., Enc. Arte Ant. vi (1965) 591 f.

⁵⁴ Preliminary reports: C. Laviosa, StEtr xxvii (1959) 7–40 (1st campaign), xxviii (1960) 289–337 (2nd), xxix (1961) 31–45 (3rd), xxxi (1963) 39–65 (4th), xxxiii (1965) 49–108 (5th and 6th); id., Fasti Arch. xvii 4908; id., Enc. Arte Ant. vi (1965) 1026–9; P. Bocci, StEtr xxxi (1963) 453–60; id. ibid. xxxiii (1965) 109–90 and pls. 28–55 (catalogue of the pottery).

⁵⁵ K. M. Phillips, AJA lxxi (1967) 133–9 and pls. 39–46; id. Dialoghi di Archeologia i (1967) 245–7 and figs. 39–41 and ibid. ii (1968) 104–6; id. NSc (1966) 5–17.

⁵⁶ J. Shearman, The Times November 23, 1966; C. Laviosa in Firenze 4 novembre 1966: Rapporto sui danni al patrimonio artistico e culturale (Florence, C. E. Giunti-G. Barbèra, 1967) 67–72 and pls. 49–52; K. M. Phillips, AJA lxxi (1967) 113 and pls. A–C; Archeologia (1967) 116–21; Dialoghi di Archeologia i (1967) 263, 386 f. I am most grateful to Dr Maetzke, to Dr Nicosia and Professor Cristofani (restoration laboratory) and to Dr Pecorella (photographic department) for the information and guided tours on which the following account of the Archaeological Museum is based. Dr Pecorella kindly provided the accompanying photographs.

⁵⁷ I am extremely grateful to Dr Riccioni for her help in preparing the Bolognese section of this Report, and for the drawing of the Paseas fragments (fig. 25). Fig. 24 is taken from StEtr xxxv (1967) pl. 143.

⁵⁸ G. Bermond Montanari, Actes VII^e Cong. Int. Sciences Prehist. Protohist. 1966 and StEtr forthcoming. I am grateful to Dr Bermond for the advance information on which this account is based.

⁵⁹ Cf. Irridescenze e colori di vetri antichi (Catalogue; Bologna, 1959) 23 no. 37, said to be Phoenician.

⁶⁰ Cf. S. Howard and F. P. Johnson, AJA lviii (1954) 194, Group VII no. 7 and pl. 33, fig. 12.

⁶¹ Mansuelli, G. A., ‘Formazione delle civiltà storiche nella pianura padana orientale’ StEtr xxxiii (1965) 3–47.Google Scholar