Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c47g7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T19:36:33.260Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Cognitive benefits in children enrolled in an early bilingual immersion school: A follow up study*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 January 2015

ANNE-CATHERINE NICOLAY*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology: Cognition and Behaviour, University of Liège, Belgium
MARTINE PONCELET
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology: Cognition and Behaviour, University of Liège, Belgium
*
Address for correspondence: Anne-Catherine Nicolay, Department of Psychology: Cognition and Behaviour, Language and Learning Neuropsychology Unit, Boulevard du Rectorat, B33, 4000 Liège, BelgiumAC.Nicolay@ulg.ac.be

Abstract

Recent findings suggested that an L2-immersion school experience produced some of the cognitive benefits associated with early bilingualism. However, the cognitive differences observed might possibly be due to greater cognitive development in the immersion group before the children started the immersion program. The present study thus aimed at revisiting these results in a follow-up design in which children about to begin an L2-immersion program and monolinguals were matched for cognitive development. Our results support the previous findings and this longitudinal study strongly confirms that only 3 years in an L2-immersion program enhance the performance of the attentional/executive control network.

Type
Research Note
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

This research was supported by a grant from the Research Council of University of Liège, Belgium.

References

Abutalebi, J., & Green, D. (2007). Bilingual language production: The neurocognition of language representation and control. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 20, 242275.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bialystok, E. (1999). Cognitive complexity and attentional control in the bilingual mind. Child Development, 70, 636644.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bialystok, E. (2001). Bilingualism in development: Language, literacy, and cognition. NY, USA: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bialystok, E., & Barac, R. (2012). Emerging bilingualism: Dissociating advantages for metalinguistic awareness and executive control. Cognition, 122, 6773.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bialystok, E., & Martin, M. M. (2004). Attention and inhibition in bilingual children: Evidence from the dimensional change card sort task. Developmental Science, 7 (3), 325339.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brysbaert, M. (1998). Word recognition in bilinguals: Evidence against the existence of two separate lexicons. Psychologica Belgica, 38, 163175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlson, S. M., & Meltzoff, A. N. (2008). Bilingual experience and executive functioning in young children. Developmental Science, 11 (2), 282298.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chevrie-Muller, C., Simon, A.-M., Le Normand, M. T., & Fournier, S. (2001). NEEL: Nouvelles Epreuves pour l’Examen du Langage [New Tests for Language Examination]. Paris, France: ECPA.Google Scholar
Costa, A., Hernández, M., & Sebastián-Gallés, N. (2008). Bilingualism aids conflict resolution: Evidence from the ANT task. Cognition, 106, 5986.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dunn, L. M., & Dunn, L. M. (1981). PPVT-R: Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.Google Scholar
Dunn, L. M., Dunn, L. M., Whetton, C., & Pintilie, D. (1982). BPVT: British Picture Vocabulary Test. Windsor, UK: Nelson.Google Scholar
Dunn, L. M., Thériault-Whalen, C. M., & Dunn, L. M. (1993). EVIP: Echelle de Vocabulaire en Images Peabody [French adaptation of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised]. Richmond Hill, Canada: Psycan.Google Scholar
Gardner, F. M. (2000). The Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test (3rd Edition). Novato, CA: Academic Therapy Publications.Google Scholar
Gollan, T. H., & Kroll, J. F. (2001). Bilingual lexical access. In Rapp, B. (Ed.), The handbook of cognitive neuropsychology: What deficits reveal about the human mind (pp. 321345). Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.Google Scholar
Gomes, H., Molholm, S., Christodoulou, C., Ritter, W., Cowan, N. (2000). The development of auditory attention in children. Frontiers in Bioscience, 1 (5), D108–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kovacs, A. M., & Mehler, J. (2009). Cognitive gains in 7-month-old bilingual infants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106 (16), 65566560.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kroll, J. F., & Dijkstra, A. (2002). The bilingual lexicon. In Kaplan, R. (Ed.), Handbook of applied linguistics (pp. 301321). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kroll, J. F., & Stewart, E. (1994). Category interference in translation and picture naming: Evidence for asymmetric connections between bilingual memory representations. Journal of Memory and Language, 33, 149174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin-Rhee, M. M., & Bialystok, E. (2008). The development of two types of inhibitory control in monolingual and bilingual children. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 11 (1), 8193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nicolay, A.C, & Poncelet, M. (2013). Cognitive advantage in children enrolled in a second-language immersion elementary school program for 3 years. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 16 (3), 597607.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paradis, M. (1984). Aphasie et traduction. META Translators’ Journal, 29, 5767.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poulin-Dubois, D., Blaye, A., Coutya, J., & Bialystok, E. (2011). The effects of bilingualism on toddlers’ executive functioning. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 108 (3), 567579.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prior, A., & MacWhinney, B. (2010). A bilingual advantage in task switching. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 13 (2), 253262.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Raven, J. C., Court, J. H., & Raven, J. (1998). Progressive Coloured Matrices. Oxford, UK: Oxford Psychologists Press.Google Scholar
Segalowitz, N., & Hulstijn, J. (2005). Automaticity in bilingualism and second language learning. In Kroll, J. F. & de Groot, A. M. B. (Eds.), Handbook of bilingualism: Psycholinguistic approaches (pp. 371388). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Videsott, G., Della Rosa, P. A., Wiater, W., Franceschini, R., & Abutalebi, J. (2012). How does linguistic competence enhance cognitive functions in children? A study in multilingual children with different linguistic competences. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 15, 884895.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zimmermann, P., Gondan, M., & Fimm, B. (2002). KiTAP: Test for Attentional Performance in Children. Herzogenrath, Germany: Psytest.Google Scholar