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Deliberate overfeeding in women and men: energy cost and composition of the weight gain*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Gilbert B. Forbes ,
Marilyn R. Brown ,
Stephen L. Welle  and
Barbara A. Lipinski
Gilbert B. Forbes
Affiliation:
Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
Marilyn R. Brown
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
Stephen L. Welle
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
Barbara A. Lipinski
Affiliation:
Department of Dietetics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
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Abstract

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1. Thirteen adult females and two males were overfed a total of 79–159 MJ (1900–38 000 kcal) during a 3-week period at the Clinical Research Center, Rochester. The average energy cost of the weight gain was 28 kJ (6.7 kcal)/g, and about half the gain consisted of lean body mass (LBM) as estimated by 40Kcounting.

2. A survey of the literature disclosed twenty-eight normal males and five females who had been overfed a total of 104–362 MJ (2500–87000 kcal) under controlled conditions: twenty-five of these had assays of body composition, and three had complete nitrogen balances.

3. When these values were combined with those from our subjects (total forty-eight), there was a significant correlation between weight gain and total excess energy consumed (r 0.77, P < 0.01) and between LBM gain and excess energy (r 0.49, P < 0.01). Based on means the energy cost was 33.7 kJ (8.05 kcal)/g gain and 43.6% of the gain was LBM; from regression analysis these values were 33.7 kJ (8.05 kcal)/g gain and 38.4% of gain as LBM.

4. Individual variations in the response could not be explained on the basis of sex, initial body-weight or fat content, duration of overfeeding, type of food eaten, amount of daily food consumption or, in a subset of subjects, on smoking behaviour.

5. The average energy cost of the weight gain was close to the theoretical value of 33.8 kJ (8.08 kcal)/g derived from the composition of the tissue gained.

Type
Papers of direct relevance to Clinical and Human Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 56 , Issue 1 , July 1986 , pp. 1 - 9
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1986

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