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Dietary vitamins, carotenoids and their sources in relation to age-related macular degeneration risk in China: a population-based case–control study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2022

Hong Jiang ,
Lina Wang ,
Juan Li ,
Yahui Fan ,
Zhaofang Li ,
Mei Ma ,
Sijiao Liu ,
Baoyu Li ,
Jia Shi  and
Chao Li
...Show all authors
Hong Jiang
Affiliation:
The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Lina Wang
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Juan Li
Affiliation:
Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated Guangren Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Yahui Fan
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Zhaofang Li
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Mei Ma
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Sijiao Liu
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Baoyu Li
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Jia Shi
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Chao Li
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Baibing Mi
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Fangyao Chen
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Duolao Wang*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
Cheng Pei*
Affiliation:
The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Le Ma*
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi’an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
*
*Corresponding authors: Le Ma, email male@mail.xjtu.edu.cn; Duolao Wang, Duolao.Wang@lstmed.ac.uk; Cheng Pei, email peich71@163.com
*Corresponding authors: Le Ma, email male@mail.xjtu.edu.cn; Duolao Wang, Duolao.Wang@lstmed.ac.uk; Cheng Pei, email peich71@163.com
*Corresponding authors: Le Ma, email male@mail.xjtu.edu.cn; Duolao Wang, Duolao.Wang@lstmed.ac.uk; Cheng Pei, email peich71@163.com
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Abstract

Mechanistic studies have suggested that antioxidants have beneficial effects on age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This study aimed to investigate the association between the types and sources of dietary vitamin and carotenoid intakes and AMD risk in China. A matched case–control study of 260 AMD cases and 260 matched controls was performed. The participants were interviewed for dietary information and potential confounders, and comprehensive ophthalmic examinations were performed. Conditional logistic models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) of specific vitamins and carotenoids and their main sources. When comparing the extreme quartiles, the ORs (95 % CI) were 0·30 (0·10, 0·88) for lutein and 0·28 (0·11, 0·74) for β-cryptoxanthin. The associations for other dietary vitamin and carotenoid intakes were generally weaker and non-significant. Higher intakes of spinach and egg, which are important sources of lutein, were associated with a reduced odds of AMD. ORs (95% CIs) comparing extreme categories were 0·42 (0·20, 0·88) for spinach and 0·52 (95% CI: 0·27, 0·98) for egg. Participants who were in the highest category of both egg intake and spinach intake had a much greater reduced odds of having AMD (OR: 0·23; 95% CI: 0·08, 0·71) than those in the lowest category of egg intake and spinach intake. In conclusion, a higher intake of lutein and lutein-rich foods was associated with a significantly decreased odds of AMD. These findings provide further evidence of the benefits of lutein and lutein-rich foods in the prevention of AMD.

Keywords

LuteinCarotenoidEggAge-related macular degeneration
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 129 , Issue 10 , 28 May 2023 , pp. 1804 - 1811
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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