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Çakır, Özgür Meriç, Sinan and Arı, Şule 2016. Genetically Modified Organisms in Food.
Chen, Liang Sun, Zhe Liu, Quanwei Zhong, Ruqing Tan, Shuyi Yang, Xiaoguang and Zhang, Hongfu 2016. Long-term toxicity study on genetically modified corn withcry1Acgene in a Wuzhishan miniature pig model. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Vol. 96, Issue. 12, p. 4207.
Ekmay, R.D. Papineni, S. and Herman, R.A. 2016. Genetically Modified Organisms in Food.
Ibrahim, Marwa A.A. and Okasha, Ebtsam F. 2016. Effect of genetically modified corn on the jejunal mucosa of adult male albino rat. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology, Vol. 68, Issue. 10, p. 579.
Zhong, R. Q. Chen, L. Gao, L. X. Zhang, L. L. Yao, B. Yang, X. G. and Zhang, H. F. 2016. Effects of feeding transgenic corn with mCry1Ac or maroACC gene to laying hens for 12 weeks on growth, egg quality and organ health. animal, Vol. 10, Issue. 08, p. 1280.
Marsteller, Nathan Bøgh, Katrine L. Goodman, Richard E. and Epstein, Michelle M. 2015. A review of animal models used to evaluate potential allergenicity of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Vol. 17-18, p. 81.
Rayan, Ahmed M. Nigussie, Fikru and Abbott, Louise C. 2015. Safety Evaluation of Stacked Genetically Modified Corn Event (MON89034 × MON88017) Using Zebrafish as an Animal Model. Food and Nutrition Sciences, Vol. 06, Issue. 14, p. 1285.
Gao, Chunqi Ma, Qiugang Zhao, Lihong Zhang, Jianyun and Ji, Cheng 2014. Effect of Dietary Phytase Transgenic Corn on Physiological Characteristics and the Fate of Recombinant Plant DNA in Laying Hens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, Vol. 27, Issue. 1, p. 77.
Prieto, Maria Luz O'Sullivan, Laurie Tan, Shiau Pin McLoughlin, Peter Hughes, Helen O'Donovan, Orla Rea, Mary C. Kent, Robert M. Cassidy, Joseph P. Gardiner, Gillian E. Lawlor, Peadar G. and Loh, Gunnar 2014. Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of a Marine-Derived Bacillus Strain for Use as an In-Feed Probiotic for Newly Weaned Pigs. PLoS ONE, Vol. 9, Issue. 2, p. e88599.
Reiner, Daniela Lee, Rui-Yun Dekan, Gerhard Epstein, Michelle M. and Alvarez, M. Lucrecia 2014. No Adjuvant Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis-Maize on Allergic Responses in Mice. PLoS ONE, Vol. 9, Issue. 8, p. e103979.
Swiatkiewicz, Sylwester Swiatkiewicz, Malgorzata Arczewska-Wlosek, Anna and Jozefiak, Damian 2014. Genetically modified feeds and their effect on the metabolic parameters of food-producing animals: A review of recent studies. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Vol. 198, p. 1.
Bartholomaeus, Andrew Parrott, Wayne Bondy, Genevieve and Walker, Kate 2013. The use of whole food animal studies in the safety assessment of genetically modified crops: Limitations and recommendations. Critical Reviews in Toxicology, Vol. 43, Issue. sup2, p. 1.
Gu, Jinni Krogdahl, Åshild Sissener, Nini H. Kortner, Trond M. Gelencser, Eva Hemre, Gro-Ingunn and Bakke, Anne Marie 2013. Effects of oral Bt-maize (MON810) exposure on growth and health parameters in normal and sensitised Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.. British Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 109, Issue. 08, p. 1408.
Ma, Qiugang Gao, Chunqi Zhang, Jianyun Zhao, Lihong Hao, Wenbo Ji, Cheng and te Pas, Marinus F. W. 2013. Detection of Transgenic and Endogenous Plant DNA Fragments and Proteins in the Digesta, Blood, Tissues, and Eggs of Laying Hens Fed with Phytase Transgenic Corn. PLoS ONE, Vol. 8, Issue. 4, p. e61138.
Sanden, Monica Ornsrud, Robin Sissener, Nini H. Jorgensen, Susanne Gu, Jinni Bakke, Anne Marie and Hemre, Gro-Ingunn 2013. Cross-generational feeding of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis)-maize to zebrafish (Danio rerio) showed no adverse effects on the parental or offspring generations. British Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 110, Issue. 12, p. 2222.
Walsh, Maria C. Buzoianu, Stefan G. Gardiner, Gillian E. Rea, Mary C. O'Donovan, Orla Ross, R. Paul and Lawlor, Peadar G. 2013. Effects of feeding Bt MON810 maize to sows during first gestation and lactation on maternal and offspring health indicators. British Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 109, Issue. 05, p. 873.
Walsh, Maria C. Buzoianu, Stefan G. Rea, Mary C. O’Donovan, Orla Gelencsér, Eva Ujhelyi, Gabriella Ross, R. Paul Gardiner, Gillian E. Lawlor, Peadar G. and Gilbert, Jack Anthony 2012. Effects of Feeding Bt MON810 Maize to Pigs for 110 Days on Peripheral Immune Response and Digestive Fate of the cry1Ab Gene and Truncated Bt Toxin. PLoS ONE, Vol. 7, Issue. 5, p. e36141.
2012. Scientific Opinion updating the risk assessment conclusions and risk management recommendations on the genetically modified insect resistant maize MON 810. EFSA Journal, Vol. 10, Issue. 12, p. 3017.
Male weanling pigs (n 32) with a mean initial body weight of 7·5 kg and a mean weaning age of 28 d were used in a 31 d study to investigate the effects of feeding GM (Bt MON810) maize on growth performance, intestinal histology and organ weight and function. At weaning, the pigs were fed a non-GM starter diet during a 6 d acclimatisation period. The pigs were then blocked by weight and litter ancestry and assigned to diets containing 38·9 % GM (Bt MON810) or non-GM isogenic parent line maize for 31 d. Body weight and feed disappearance were recorded on a weekly basis (n 16/treatment), and the pigs (n 10/treatment) were killed on day 31 for the collection of organ, tissue and blood samples. GM maize-fed pigs consumed more feed than the control pigs during the 31 d study (P < 0·05) and were less efficient at converting feed to gain during days 14–30 (P < 0·01). The kidneys of the pigs fed GM maize tended to be heavier than those of control pigs (P = 0·06); however, no histopathological changes or alterations in blood biochemistry were evident. Small intestinal morphology was not different between treatments. However, duodenal villi of GM maize-fed pigs tended to have fewer goblet cells/μm of villus compared with control pigs (P = 0·10). In conclusion, short-term feeding of Bt MON810 maize to weaned pigs resulted in increased feed consumption, less efficient conversion of feed to gain and a decrease in goblet cells/μm of duodenal villus. There was also a tendency for an increase in kidney weight, but this was not associated with changes in histopathology or blood biochemistry. The biological significance of these findings is currently being clarified in long-term exposure studies in pigs.
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